Anna Akhmatova o "Requiem": te tātari hua

He mea paihere te ora o tenei rohi pehe Russian ki o tona whenua i te whakarau. I roto i ona whiti he ngāwari ki te whai, tightening te mahanga o te tikanga totalitarian me te wehi atu mäminga. Ko reira i roto i te hunga tau whakamataku, a ka hanga te pehepehe, te wahi whakatuwheratia te Anna katoa Akhmatova - "Requiem". Tātaritanga o tenei hua ki te tīmata ki, i te mea kua tuhituhia i te reira. Mai i 1935 ki te tau 1940. ka mau te reira i ono nga tau ki te whakarite kia whakaoti i te rotarota, a i hanga nga tau, marama, me te ra ki te inu o te pouri me te mamae.

Kei te whiti o vahe kanorau, me ia o ratou kua ratou whakaaro. He hoki te epigraph, mua nei e te Akhmatova "Requiem". Ko te tātaritanga o enei rārangi torutoru whakakitea aha paopao Anna te whakaaro o te hekenga i Russia. Ko nga kupu "i ahau ki taku iwi, kei hea taku iwi, kāore, i" i roto i te anaana torutoru ngā te ati o taua wā te wā. Te mea faahiahia, te tuhituhi te epigraph i rua tekau ma tahi nga tau i muri i te rotarota, i te 1961, i muri i te "papa o nga iwi" o te mate.

Chapter "Engari o te Preface" hoki rā hoki ki te tau 1957. Poet whakaaro e mo te whakatupuranga hou e kore i i kite nga mamae o "wehi Yezhov" me te wehi era ko Peria, tonu te kōrero mārama. Tama a Anna, Lva Gumilova, i mauheretia e toru i runga i te tau. Otiia e kore e pā ana ki parau tona pouri whaiaro Akhmatova. "Requiem", te tātari, ki te kia kawea atu ki te whakakitea nga papa hohonu o te Poetics o aua tau, parau te kōrero o te maunga, "e karanga iwi stomilonny."

Akhmatova i kaha, whanganga rite te hum o te tangihanga waea rārangi kumea te whakaahua o te Soviet Union: te rave rahi mau metua vahine, wahine, tuahine me nga wahine taumau e tu ana i roto i rārangi ki te matapihi herehere ki te haere i runga i ki a koutou tamariki aroha kai artless, me kakahu mahana. Kāhua me te rahi, puta noa i te huringa huringa lyrical: reira anapaest trehstopny, te irava noa, te wereti chetyrehstopnym. Ko reira e kore e maere, no te mea te hanga o Akhmatova "Requiem". Tātaritanga o tenei rotarota taea te whakarara tika ki te wahi o te waiata e Mozart, nei i tuhituhi he tangi tangihanga mo te kiritaki unknown i roto i mangu.

Just rite i roto i "Requiem" kaitito poto, i roto i te ruri ko te kiritaki. Ko te upoko o "pûpûraa" Kua oti te tuhituhi i roto i te tuhi. Ko te kaipānui ako e zakazchitsa tenei - "te wahine ki te ngutu puru", e tu ana i roto i te rārangi taua ki Akhmatova i Leningrad ki te ripeka matapihi. "Te pûpûraa" me "Tāurunga" ahungarua ano te hōkai o te tāmitanga kahakina te whenua: "Kei hea ko te kaumeá ta'e'ilo ... tau Paulo?". Tekau vahe muri, e te hunga kua huaina "kupu", "Ki te mate" me "Te Tutukí", haapapû kotahi ano e hiahia ana ki te waihanga o Akhmatova "Requiem". Analysis o te mahi tangihanga ahu ki te weriweri o te Karaiti, me te paraoa whaea - tetahi whaea.

"Hopearaa", e mutu ki te hua, he mea tino nui. He te rohi pehe manatu kotahi ano te wahine rave rahi me tona mua i roto i nga porowhita katoa o te reinga, a ka homai he ahua o te kawenata lyrical: "Ki te ake i roto i tenei whenua ki te whakatū hapu tohu ahau ... [kia hoatu e ia te reira i roto i mua o« Kresty »te whare herehere] te wahi i tu ahau mo toru rau haora, kihai nei i i whakatuwhera i te pae hoki ahau. " Tātaritanga o ngā whiti o Akhmatova, nei mahi mo te wa roa kihai i tuhituhia i runga i te pepa (no te mea hoki i taea e ratou te whenua), engari anake te mahi i te ngakau, i whakaputaina i roto i te ki tonu anake i roto i perestroika, parau mai ia tatou e rite te roa rite kore e te hinaaro o te rohi pehe rite, me te pou e kore e ara i te reira i roto i te "ripeka" o totalitarianism atarangi ka whakairi ki runga ki te whenua.