Bronchodilators: He rārangi o raau taero, ratou pānga me te tono. whakarōpū o bronchodilators

O faufaa rahi no te te ora tangata ko te pūnaha romahā. He ngoikore pūnaha ārai mate, a taea ngā mate whakapataritari mate romahā e tika pā i te kounga o te ora. Hoki te maimoatanga o taua mate tākuta-whakamahi taka bronchodilators. Next, whakaaro pehea enei taero, ratou whakarōpū me te whakamahi i roto i tini o nga mate o nga whekau romahā.

He aha e bronchodilators

Hei ngā bronchodilators taero me taero e atawhai bronchospasm me te whawhai i te take constriction arahau.

I roto i te aha kia puta mate taua āhua, whakaaro atu.

E mate te whakamahi i bronchodilators

He he maha o mate i roto i nei kia whakawhanake i te tohu e whai ake nei:

• Bronchospasm.
• Huamo.
• Hypersecretion o hūpē.
• Bronchoconstriction.

He taea te whanaketanga o taua tohu ki te mate e whai ake nei:

• COPD.
• huangō arahau.
• Taunutia Bronchitis whakapeka.
• obliterans Bronchiolitis.
• Bronchiectasis.
• kakakīrehe whēwhē.
• syndrome dyskinesia Ciliary.
• dysplasia Bronchopulmonary.

Ka taea te whakamahi bronchodilators o ngā momo rerekē ki te ārai i bronchospasm.

momo o bronchodilators

ahumahi ho'oraa hua maha ngā momo o raau taero i roto i tenei rōpū:

• Papa.
• Syrups.
• Drugs mō te werohanga.
• Inhalers.
• Nebulizers.

taea hoki te wehea ki te maha akomanga o bronchodilators.

Whakarōpū me te rārangi o taero

1. Agonists. Tenei rōpū ngā taero e te hunga taea ki te aukati i whakaeke o tukuna ai arahau. Na roto i te faaitoitoraa o receptors adrenergic te whakakahore te uaua o te bronchi. Ki te whakaaro tatou enei bronchodilators, rārangi taero he rite whai:

• "Epinephrine".
• "Isoprenaline".
• "Salbutamol".
• "Fenoterol".
• "Ephedrine".

2. M holinoblokatory. Kei te whakamahia hoki te reira ki te aukati whakaeke o tukuna ai arahau. kahore e Drugs i roto i tenei rōpū tukua ki te bloodstream me kahore e whai i te mahi pūnahanaha. kia te whakamahi ratou mo te inhalation anake. Ka taea e hanga e koe te rārangi e whai ake nei o taero:

• "Pūkawa ngāwha Atropine."
• "Metacin".
• "Pūkeha Ipratropium."
• "Flomax".

3. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Katohia Brohoobstruktsii patua e olungá te uaua maeneene arahau i te konupūmā waipara i roto i te pūnaha kiriuwhi tika ki whakaiti o tona rahinga i roto i te pūtau. Te whakapai ake ventilation piringa, te mahi piata. Tenei rōpū ngā:

• "Theophylline".
• "Theobromine".
• "Eufillin".

Whakamahi o enei taero kia meinga whanoke, tachycardia, heke koi i roto i te pēhanga toto.

4. stabilizers kiriuhi pūtau ngako. Whakamahia anake mo te ārai o te spasm arahau. Ārai awa konupūmā me kia kati urunga o te konupūmā ki ngā pūtau rewa, reira takahi ratou e tukua degranulation me histamine. I puta mai te wa o te whawhai, e whai hua ana kua enei taero. E whakamahia ratou i roto i te puka o papa raraunga ranei hau bronchodilators. Ko te rārangi o taero ko e whai ake:

• "Cromolyn."
• "Nedocromil".
• "Ketotifen".

5. Corticosteroids. Enei taero whakamahia i roto i te maimoatanga o momo matatini o te huangō arahau. taea hoki te whakamahi i te reira mo te ārai me te awhina o whakaeke bronchospasm. kia whakauru te rārangi nga rongoā e whai ake nei:

• "Hydrocortisone".
• "Prednisolone".
• "Dexamethasone".
• "Triamitsinolon".
• "Beclomethasone".

6. blockers konupūmā hongere. Whakamahia mō te kapu bronhoobstuktsii. Nā ki te hongere konupūmā ārai konupūmā te ui ia te pūtau, hua i roto i te whakangā o korere arahau. Whakaiti mamae, dilates oko coronary me piringa. Hoki raau taero i roto i tenei rōpū ngā:

• "Nifedipine".
• "Isradipine".

7. Drugs ki mahi antileukotriene. Aukati receptors leukotriene whakatairanga whakangā bronchi. Whakamahia tenei momo o rongoā mo te ārai o whakaeke arahau.

He tino whai hua i roto i te rongoā mate e hua i te whakamahi roa o te steroidal-kore, taero anti-inflammatory ratou. Tenei kāwai ngā te rongoā e whai ake nei:

• "Zafirlukast".
• "Montelukast."

Faaoti, kia mea ai e ona bronchodilators mahi tika matua i runga i whakangā bronchi, engari i roto i ngā huarahi rerekē. Homai enei bronchodilators āhuatanga, mate e hāngai ana, me te kaiao ngā o te manawanui, e taea te whakaritea he maimoatanga whai hua.

Spirography bronchodilator

Hoki te rangahau o tūroro e maha i mate o nga whekau romahā, whakaritea spirography. Nuinga o ngā wā i roto i te wā i reira i reira ko nga tohu e whai ake nei:

• He mare e kore e mutu mo te wa roa kē.
• Hāhā o te manawa.
• Ko te manawa taea te rongo wheezing, whiowhio.
• Ki te he koe i uaua manawa.

Tenei tikanga rangahau taea ki a koe te kitea huringa i roto i te rōrahi pūkahukahu me te taumahinga. Ko te haumaru rawa tenei tukanga, engari homai te reira i te rota o te mōhiohio mō te whakaaro o te maimoatanga whai hua.

Ki te whakahaere i spirography taea e bronchodilators whakamahia. Rārangi o raau taero e ngā te medicaments e whai ake nei:

• "Berotek".
• "Ventalin".

whakamana Spirography bronchodilator i mua, me te i muri i tango i te rongoa, ki te kitea i roto i pehea te taputapu i runga i te mahi o te pūkahukahu. Hoki, ki te e whakamahia rongoā, te faafaaearaa korere arahau, he reira takoto ahakoa bronchospasm reversible tina heke ranei. riro ana te rongoā e te nebulizer aerosol ranei.

Tangohanga o whakaeke huangō

Kati koutou whakarongo ki te tarukino whakamahia i roto i te huangō. Bronchodilators i roto i te huangō e taero tino nui e te hunga e tika ana mō te huangō rite ki atawhai i te whakaeke ohorere rite te pai kia rite ki mo ratou prophylaxis. Tenei i taea e ngā te momo e whai ake nei o bronchodilators:

• Beta-agonists.
• raau taero Anticholinergic.
• "Theophylline".

E tangohia pai rongoā o te rōpū tuatahi e rua te whakamahi i te ngongō nebulizer ranei.

A, no te mea kua puta ake he whakaeke huangō he hiahia akiaki ki te whakarato āwhina mō tenei whakaaro, hau he-mahi poto bronchodilators. hohoro ratou nekehia atu e bronchospasm ngōrahi whākinga. I roto i meneti, kia faaiti bronchodilators te huru o te manawanui, me haere tonu te pānga mō te 2-4 haora. Ki te āwhina o te ngongō nebulizer ranei e taea te tango whawhai bronchospasm i te kāinga. Tenei tikanga o te tuku o taero ki te pūnaha romahā whakaiti i te maha o ngā pānga taha taea, pērā kei te hiahiatia tango papa werohanga ranei ki te tiki ki te toto.

Mā te bronchodilators patua mahi-poto, kuo pau ke tau manatu'i ko e ko tika te waka tūroro tenei. Ki te hiahia koe ki te whakamahi i ratou neke atu i rua i te wiki, kia kōrero koe he tākuta. Pea ko reira e tika ana ki te whakapakari i te mana i runga i te akoranga o te mate, e hiahia ana kia koe ki te whakaaro tikanga maimoatanga.

Whakahaere i te bronchodilators hukihuki

I roto i te tikanga ki te pupuri i te haurangi i raro i te mana, me te whakamahi koe i te bronchodilators roa-mahi. taea hoki ratou e riro i te inhalation. Ka te pānga kia tonu ake ki te 12 haora. Ēnei taero ngā te whai ake:

• "Formoterol". e te reira i te pānga i roto i 5-10 meneti. Ka taea te whakamahi i te reira no te tango i nga whakaeke a ki te hamani ratou. Ka taea te whakamahi i te reira mō ngā tamariki, engari anake i raro i te mātakitaki o te pakeke.
• "Salmetorol". tango hoki patua i roto i meneti. Te pānga tonu ake ki te 12 haora. Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei raau anake e ngā pakeke.

maimoatanga o te Bronchitis

O te akoranga, maha noa hiahiatia bronchodilators Bronchitis. Rawa, ki te mea kua oho te mate i roto i te wā ma'i ranei kitea tukuna ai arahau te. Hoki te maimoatanga o te Bronchitis, ka taea e koe tokomaha o bronchodilators whakamahi. Rārangi o taero kia titiro rite tenei:

• "Izadrin".
• "Ipradol".
• "Salbutamol".
• "Flomax".
• "Eufillin".

pānga Tino pai i roto i te maimoatanga o te Bronchitis tutuki e te whakamahi i bronchodilators mō inhalation te whakamahi i te nebulizer ngongō ranei. I roto i tenei take, bronchodilator, pērā i 'Salbutamol', haere tika ki te arotahi inflammatory me tīmata ki te pā i te raruraru i waho whiwhi ki te bloodstream i te wa ano. Tenei tino whakaiti te faaiteraa o tauhohe kino ki te tarukino. He mea nui hoki e taea te kawea enei ngā tukanga i roto i, me te tamariki, kahore tetahi kino ki te hauora, engari ki te pānga nui i roto i te maimoatanga o te mate.

Na inaianei he torutoru nga kupu e pā ana ki kino ngā bronchodilators.

pānga taha

A, no te whakamahi i bronchodilators kore e taea e poto ranei roa-mahi te tau'a ore i te pānga taha. A, no te riro koe i te bronchodilators mahi-poto - he pērā i 'Salbutamol', 'terbutaline, "" fenoterol "- ka taea hopearaa houhou:

• Whanoke.
• Pāhoahoa.
• Aitua,, tremors o nga wahi.
• Jitters.
• Tachycardia, palpitations.
• Arrhythmia.
• pēhanga toto Nui ake.
• Hypersensitivity.
• Hypokalemia.

formulations tuku Paturuhia, pērā i "Salmeterol" "formoterol", āhuatanga e te pānga taha e whai ake:

• Tremor o nga ringa, me te waewae.
• Whanoke.
• Pāhoahoa.
• aitua, uaua.
• Palpitations.
• Huringa i roto i te reka.
• Whakapairuaki.
• ngangau moe.
• Hypokalemia.
• Tūroro ki huangō kia whakawhanake nui bronchospasm ihoa.

I takanga o tetahi pānga taha me korero koe tou tākuta ki te whakatika i te horopeta huri te rongoā ranei.

contraindications

He mate i roto i i contraindicated te whakamahi te bronchodilators mahi wā poto o te wā. ara:

• Hyperthyroidism.
• mate Heart.
• Takawhita.
• Diabetes.
• Cirrhosis.

kia hoki kia koe tino tupato i roto i te aroaro o enei tikanga ka te fariiraa i bronchodilators ētahi atu rōpū.

hoki e hoki wahine hapu he pai Tuhipoka ki te whiriwhiri i te bronchodilators mahi-poto. Roanga o te tarukino "Theophylline" taea te tangohia ki te 2 ngā e kore neke atu i te 1 ngā wā i te ra. I mua i te tuku i roto i te 2-3 wiki he tika ki te whakakore i te bronchodilators fariiraa roa-mahi.

E tano ia tapao e kia kia whakahaerea e kore katoa o bronchodilators ki ngā tamariki, te u, me te wahine e hapu ana.

I mua i te whakamahi i kia mohio ki te kōrero ki tō tākuta enei rongoā.

Ara

Ki te whakaritea e koe bronchodilators, te whakamahi o te raau taero, me te inenga kia tino kitea ki te karo i kino ki a ratou hauora.

Maimoatanga o ngā tamariki ki te whakamahi o te nebulizer ngongō ranei bronchodilator whakahaere tino i raro i te mātakitaki o te pakeke.

Me kia te reira i tino tupato i roto i te rongoā te tangata he:

• raruraru Heart manawataki.
• pēhanga toto High.
• mellitus Diabetes.
• Papahewa.

kia whakamahia tūpato ki ētahi atu bronchodilators sympathomimetics. Note e taea te whakawhanake hypokalemia ki whakahaere te rere ki theophylline, corticosteroids, Diuretics.

kia Bronchodilators kia tangohia anake i runga i whakahaunga. Kia mahara taua whaiaro rongoā-he ora-te whakawehi.