Derzhavin G. R. ode "Felitsa": whakarāpopoto, me te tātari tuhituhi

Poet Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin (1743-1816 gg.) Papa'i i roto i te kāhua o te Classicism Russian, e i taua wa i kiia ngā ode tiketike, me te pūhohe i roto i te hua kotahi, engari he iti i muri e pā ana ki reira.

no te pehe ki te whānau o te gentry u nei noho i roto i Kazan. Rhode Derzhavins, mai tei papa'ihia i roto i te pūranga whaiaro o te kaituhi, ka anga ki nga uri o te rangatira nui Bagrima nei papahoro ki te Duke Vasily II noa.

Poetic auaha Derzhavina odes nuinga māngai: ā, taumauri, whakamanamana tāmau whenua, me te Anacreontic.

Derzhavin, "Felitsa": tito whakarāpopoto

motuhake motuhake nohoia e odes tivira, e kua ngā ki te rangatira kāwanatanga mana: piriniha me rangatira. Na tetahi o nga māngai kānapanapa o tenei momo whiti ko te ode ki "Felitsa" poto o tona ihirangi ka kia te aroaro i raro. whakatapua te pehe reira ki te Russian Empress Catherine II.

anga mahi Derzhavin i Preobrazhensky wiki o St. Petersburg, Orua tenei momeniti ki te timatanga o tona mahi whiti. Ko te hunga e 40 nga tau, kua puritia e ia he momo o pou ā, me te hōia, me te ara ko te kōmihana ngaro ki te hopu Emelyana Pugacheva. Na ka ko ia i roto i te mahi o General A. A. Vyazemskogo. I te wa ano tuhi e ia tona ode rongonui "Felitsa". Tuhinga o te mahi parau te aamu o te whakaaro nui, me te pai o te rangatira i Kyrgyz, ko Felitsa tona ingoa. Here mahi reira rite te rangatira ataahua, kaiwhakatakoto ture, me te arii atawhai.

Oda me te whakamoemiti

Whiwhi ki te kaupapa: "Felitsa" whakarāpopototanga ", kia tuhia te reira e te ahua o tona odes tangohia e Derzhavin i" Te Tale o Tsarevich haumāota "i tuhituhia e Catherine II mo ona mokopuna.

Tenei iho - te tuhi odes ve'a image o te arii marama - tonu ko Derzhavin, tipee i te reira i te University. Enei iwi nui i kite i roto i te arikitanga te tangata ki nei ki te hapori tiaki mo te toko i te ora o te kāwanatanga, me ona iwi.

E whakaatu ana te mahi i te pakanga, whakahaua ki te tūkino o tona tūranga o nga rangatira matua. Me mahi katoa te pai o Russia - ko te āhuatanga tautuhi o auaha Derzhavin tenei. Ko te reira i roto i te arikitanga marama , ka kite ia i te kaha āta ka e whakahaere i te taua whenua kaha rite Russia.

G. Derzhavin, "Felitsa": te whiti

Ode "Felitsa" kawea kororia tuatahi o te kaituhi, me te utu ohaoha i te Empress ia, e podarovala tona snuffbox utu nui i hanga o te koura parakore, ka hokowhitu ki te taimana katoa.

I roto i te tau 80 i kore pera matatau ana Derzhavin ki Catherine II, tona whakapakoko i hanga e ia nga kōrero i huri haere i roto i a ia i pai ai. Otiia i mohio te rohipehe tokomaha o tona tira, i raro i te whakahau o i a ia ki te mahi i ngā wā rerekē. I roto i te ode image Päkehä o Catherine II honoa te ki faaino o ona rangatira ruri.

kuini tohu

Kaiāwhina ki te waihanga i tētahi whakapakoko ariki ka tuhinga mandative tuhituhia e Catherine II. I roto i tenei tona "Tohutohu" tuhituhi ia e pā ana ki te hiahia ki te faaiti i etahi o nga ture i runga i te utu te mate, Kei te maha i whakamahia mō te mau ofatiraa iti. Na reira, i tona wahine pūrotu Felicia Derzhavin hoatu taua aroha me te ngakau ngawari rite Kuini Catherine II.

Felitsa i roto i te hua whai kororia i roto i te meka e kua mutu ai te hāmene o te hunga e i te itoito no te faaite katoa o kohukohu ki a ia.

Kei te mārama ana te tuhi tenei i roto i te ode "Felitsa". whakaahua ana Whakarāpopototanga Matua e i te rārangi tuatahi o te ode taea ako rangatira Russian Catherine II. Na kumea Derzhavin tona whakapakoko i roto i te wahi tuatahi, i runga i te kounga tangata tūturu, ka tāpiri ai ki ona ra tuatahi i roto i Russia timata ki te whai i ona tikanga, me te tikanga. I roto i tenei take, he mea he rawa i muri a reira whakaohokia aroha ki ona rangatira iari me ngāué. He he taunakitanga e te ode ki roimata pa te Empress.

whakakitea Derzhavin kaha auaha tuhituhi a piri i roto i te ode o whakamoemiti, me te timatanga whai take ki pūhohe, a ka ko reira Kāore. Whakaaro nui Felice me tona whakapakoko pai i Ua e grandee maharakore - "rangatira". I roto i te marae o St. Catherine ko GA Potemkin, Count P. I. Panin, ngā kauwhata Orlov, Prince AA Vyazemsky, a na i runga i. D.

Derzhavin ratou na tika tuhituhi ai ko reira ngāwari ki te imi mahi nei ki roto i tona mahi.

He pūhohe i runga i nga rangatira

Literary tātaritanga ode "Felitsa" ta e Derzhavin ki pūhohe hohonu fakamamafa'i ratou mau paruparu katoa, ngā ngākau nuitanga iti me hiahia. e kore te iwi Honore o te ana'iraa tiketike taea titiro i roto i te taua ara tika. Hei tauira, e whakaaturia ana e ia Potemkin reka me te tangata kakai nei i aroha kai, me te inu whakangahau. Orlov aroha ki te whai kanikani ngahau me whawhai ringa. Panin, mahue te tahi atu ki te mahi ratou mau ohipa, haere whakangau ki te kuri. He Vyazemskij haamaramarama i to outou hinengaro pānui "Bova ko Polkan," rite maha ia hinga moe i runga i te Bibilia.

Ka haere tonu matou ki te ako i te whakarāpopototanga ode. Derzhavin "Felitsa" taketake, me te rawa maia he hakari te whakapakoko o te kaituhi i roto i te mahi. Lelei a pono, tuhituhi ia: "noho i te kāinga, ko ahau he repera, e takaro ana i te wairangi me tana wahine ...".

odes rāwhiti taa'eraa me tino taketake hā, rite ko reira te aamu i runga i mo o te rangatira nui Tatar, a tae noa tuku ki te pa te rawhiti o hamurana, Kashmir me Baghdad. mutu te reira ki te ode ki iho, me te kāhua ve'a tiketike.

Derzhavin i roto i tona ode whakataurite te kingitanga o Catherine II, e hanga he maha o whai hua mo te āhua o nga ture nui, morare taurite me te nanakia kingi i roto i Russia i roto i Anne Ioannovne huaina wā Biron.

Felitsa image i roto i nga odes o Derzhavin "Felitsa" "grandee"

I muri "Felitsa" i whakakororia Derzhavin ake ake, tīmata punake ode "tangata nui." Here ano, e hāngai ana te hanga i runga i rua parau tumu - ve'a, me te Sapphire. Otiia ki te "Felice" ko tīmatanga pai ake, pūhohe pukukata, me te kata o nga ariki, te ode "grandee" Ko te ōwehenga rerekē o te pai, me te kino. Whakamoemititia o te iti rawa - anake i te mutunga, ko atu tokanga ki tohutoro PA Rumyantsev. Te nuinga o tami te pūhohe riri. Rongo te riri o te kaituhi o tau'a ki te rangatira aitarahu ki tona fatherland. e kore he mahi tino rerekē o te rau tau XVIII tenei. derzhavin whakaiti te reira i te taha o te āhuatanga o tana iwi me te kaupapa e mate ana i nunui criminally tau◊a ore, i te fariiraa ki i te kiripaepae i roto i te rārangi mō ngā haora i taea e noho me te tatari mo te whakarongo me nga rangatira, me te pouaru ki te tamaiti i roto i ona ringa, me te hoia i patua.

mutunga

Na, tātarihia matou te whakarāpopototanga ode. Derzhavin "Felitsa" me te "tangata nui" - ko reira he tono ki te pūhohe, i te mea he iti i muri mai, i roto i te rau tau XIX, i korerotia Gogol i te mahi "te Tale o Kāpene Kopeikin" ko Nekrasov i roto i "Ngaahi Fakakaukau i te whakamahau mua."

mauruuru matou i te auahatanga me te nui i muri pee e tona mua, A. S. Pushkin me te Decembrists KF Ryleev.