Hōtaka takitahi whakaaurakitanga: te whanaketanga, te whakatinanatanga, tauira. hōtaka takitahi o te whakanohonoho me te habilitation o mono

Ko te tika hauātanga Russian whakaturia mai i roto i te ture "I te tiaki pāpori o tangata hauā" i raro i te tau 181-FZ o 1995. pü te tuhinga e ka tango i te State mehua ki te whakarite i te whakatinanatanga o te tika-ture o te hunga hauā, kahore aukatitanga.

E kore te te āhua rite te iriti ture no whāiti ki mehua tīariari o te tuhinga, me te ngā taurangi atu ki hauā, i roto i ngā, tāpiri he hōtaka whakanohonoho whaiaro. mai te ture e hāngai ana ki te kaha ki te 2016 hou.

Ko te tukanga mō te āhukahuka o hauātanga

E ai ki te rangahau Rosstat mohio inaianei rite mono hoki e pā ana ki 13 miriona iwi i roto i Russia, i roto ia ratou tamariki hauā, i reira e pā ana ki 605 mano. People. E wehewehe ana te ture hou i te ariā o te hauātanga tamarikitanga i roto i rua ngā kāwai:

• Disability;
• te tohu o te whakararuraru, i roto i te tangata.

Tangata hinga i raro i te kāwai tuatahi ngaro wāhanga tino ranei te kaha ki te neke takitahi i roto i te wāhi, e kore e hāngai, kore tiaki o ratou, e kore e neke i runga i to ratou ake, e taea ki te whakahaere i to ratou ake whanonga, kahore whakaaetia ki te mahi me te ako i roto i ngä pütahitanga mätauranga tuatahi, me te atu. Takitahi hōtaka o whakanohonoho o te tamaiti hauā i roto i te ture hou e kore e whakarato mo te tono o tenei paearu, tonu anake te ariā ki te whakatau i te mana o te tangata hauā, me ngā rārangi hanga o ngā mahi whakaora.

Ki te rā o te hauātanga whakaritea e te tohu o te herenga o ngā mahi faufaa tika ki te waimaerotanga tūturu o ngā mahi tinana. Mai 2016 kua tautapatia rānei te rōpū i runga i te tohu o te ofatiraa ko te mahi o etahi whēkau. Ko te ariā o disorders mahi o te tinana he aromatawai tuakiri, e kore e tātaritanga noa whakakitea te mea hiahia awhina te tangata hauā. e āhei takitahi hōtaka whakanohonoho pāpori ki te arotake i tautika koe te tohu o te whakararuraru, ia tinana takitahi, me te motuhake atu hōtaka whakanohonoho takitahi i roto i tenei āhuatanga ngā.

āwhina hōtaka whakanohonoho takitahi te manawanui i roto i te kōwhiri i te huarahi ki te whakaoti i te raruraru. hiahiatia Kotahi tamaiti ki pararutiki kaka te ki te whakarite i te wāhi mahi ranei ki te hanga i te tikanga mo te whakangungu motuhake, e etahi hiahiatia ki te whakarato i te kaiawhina ki ētahi atu ki te whakarite i āwhina i roto i te toro i te omaoma.

Ko te tūnga hou o te habilitation o mono

Ko te ariā o te habilitation ngā te pūnaha whakaora mo nga tangata hauā i roto i te pāpori, pakihi me ngā mahi pāpori. I roto i te rerekē ki te tikanga ngā o te ture i roto i te whakanohonoho whakamutunga, he tūranga hou ngā te akoranga pāpori kounga oti, me te tiketike, mahi utu Hauātanga i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatutuki urutaunga pāpori. hōtaka takitahi o te whakanohonoho me te habilitation o tangata hauā ngā kōwhiringa mō te whakaora motuhake pūtea wāhanga oti ranei me te tomokanga āta ki te ao pāpori o te hapori.

Ko te ariā whänui o habilitation ngā te ahunga taua rite te mehua whakanohonoho: prosthetics, maimoatanga i sanatoria me Haerea, pokanga me ētahi atu mahi oranga. Mua i whakaaro ai e te tangata hauā - he tangata e kua ngaro te kaha ki te ora mahi, engari i tenei ra i reira e maha iwi, pērā i ngā tamariki ki te pararutiki kaka, e kore kua nei i etahi aravihi. Na reira, ko te ariā o te habilitation, rite te ātete ki te whakanohonoho ngā te faaho'iraa mai e kore anake o ngā mahi waimaero, engari whakangungu ano hoki te hauā e kore e taea e ia.

hōtaka takitahi o te whakanohonoho me te habilitation

I muri putanga i roto i te anga o te ture habilitation hōtaka riro hanga kitea o te ara whanaketanga takitahi mō ia tangata hauā. Rerekē whānui ngā hōtaka whakanohonoho habilitation taea hoki takitahi raruraru motuhake, e kore ai tino tīariari reira i roto i te pāpori. noho nga ture mo te kōwhiringa o te ora takitahi nga taua rite i ratou i te aroaro o, na habilitation o ngā tāngata hauā i te Bureau o whakamātautau pāpori hauora, pera i mua.

Hoki te urutaunga oti o te hauā i roto i te hapori ranei tona māngai i muri i te whanaketanga o te mehua takitahi ki te whakarato i ngā mōhiohio tonu ki te pānui i me te arotake. Bureau tika whakatika wāhanga i te hōtaka i roto i ngä pütahi kāwanatanga whakarato ratonga ki te tangata ngā hauā i raro i enei kaihaka mea haepapa ki te ratonga tūmatanui. Pāpori-Medical Bureau mōhiohio utu ki te ratonga mahi ki te whakahaere i te whakarato o te mahi te iwi tau ki hauā i roto i nga wahi o te mahi. Whanaketanga o ngā hōtaka whakanohonoho takitahi, tae atu ako hinengaro, me te ako, me te urutaunga i roto i te hapori.

Creation o te rēhita kāwanatanga kotahi o ngā tāngata hauā

Tohunga i roto i te parae i roa korero e pā ana ki te hiahia ki te waihanga i tētahi pūnaha noa mō te rēhitatanga o ngā tāngata hauā. Federal Rēhita meingatia i roto i 2015. Kei roto i te pūnaha mōhiohio e pā ana ki ia mema o te hauā o te hapori, ara tona rōpū hauā, te take mō te herenga o ngā mahi faufaa, takahi o mahi o te rauropi, i te tohu o ngā pūkenga mate. Tohua mehua whai hua me tūtohutanga mō te whakatutuki maumaui o te ora, i homai nga āhuatanga o te utu moni, me hua, he mehua atu o te tiaki pāpori o te tangata.

Information i roto i te rēhita mai i te Federal Social Services, State me tinana whakahaere rohe o te kāwanatanga tari pāpori, me te hauora. Ahakoa kore te te kāwanatanga whakapumautia, he aha ngā ratonga whai ki te rēhita wāhi raraunga me te tukanga hoki tona whakamahi. titau hōtaka takitahi o te whakanohonoho me te habilitation o mono e whakarato ana te Tohutūmahi Rēhita wāhi noa ki te raraunga o te rārangi mō te paetukutuku tūmatanui. Ko te operator taki i ia marama, me te whakahou pārongo taipitopito ia tangata hauā. Aparauraa i runga i te mau ohipa rēhita kaiwhakahaere tonu.

riro te mahi tuatahi o te rēhita i te pūkete teimaha o nga hiahia takitahi o tangata hauā, timata mai i te kuao tau, te āheinga ki te whakarato i raraunga mo te tikanga ikeiketanga o te mātauranga me te mahi. I tua atu, kawea te tohatoha anō o te āwhina i roto i roto i te puka o utu ki te whakawhirinaki moni me te tautoko pūtea mō te hunga e kore e whiwhi i te reira wā.

Whakatau i o artist whakanohonoho takitahi

Kei te tauira o te hōtaka whakanohonoho takitahi ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te ratonga kaitoi, takoto nei te mo ia o nga mahi whakanohonoho me te whakatakoto i te pouaka e tika ana. Ko ngā o nga tikanga o mua o te mahi e whakaratohia ana e kua whakaritea te Executive te pokapū pāpori. tikanga New o whakanohonoho tukua ki a koutou te tīpako artist, i runga i te kounga o te mehua rānei. E ai ki te momo o te whakahaere whiriwhiri tūmataiti tūmatanui ranei.

Pāpori-Medical Bureau tohu te wahi anake o kaihaka, e kua whakaritea e tautoko hangarau,, hei tauira te tahua haumarutanga pāpori. I muri whakatinanatanga o te mehua whakanohonoho whakaarohia hanga he tohu i roto i te mahere o te whakanohonoho takitahi. He utu o te tiaki Ratonga pūtahi tūmatanui. Ki te titau te ora o te ora te whai wāhi o ngā pūtahi motuhake hauā, pērā i ngā kura katia momo, ka tonoa te tono te.

I te tahi taime enei pūtahi whakakahore rite taea ki te whakatau i te hōtaka e whakaarohia ana. I roto i te take i taua e hiahiatia reira ki te whiwhi i te rīhainatanga tuhituhi. I muri i taua, ko te muhu tona māngai ranei kua te tika ki te tīpako tetahi whakahaere e taea te kawe i roto i te whakanohonoho ki te hope. tikanga te whakatinanatanga o te hōtaka whakanohonoho takitahi e kore e he makanga hauā o te whakaarohia Social Services Executive mo te momo ngā o te āwhina ka kėia he motika o te tūemi whakahauanga.

Ko te paearu matua mō te kōwhiri i te āwhina Executive i roto i te huarahi takitahi ko te pūmanawa tonu whakahokia mahi ki tona whai wāhitanga. I runga i tenei tūranga, riro te kaiwhakaari he institution whakahaere ranei tūmatanui mana tūmataiti ranei. whakaae tohunga Medical me pāpori ki te tautohetohe o te tangata hauā ranei tona tira i runga i te whakarite o te Whakahaere e kore te mea tonu. Ahakoa o ratou whakaaro, tangata ki te hauā he tika ki te haere whakanohonoho i te raupapa, me te ki te kaiāwhina, e tāia ki ki te mahi tino atu.

Whanaketanga me te whakatinanatanga o te mahere o te ora takitahi o te tamaiti hauā

whakarato takitahi hōtaka whakanohonoho tamaiti mō ngā pūkete paerewa kei roto tūtohutanga whānui mō mara hinengaro, me te mātauranga. ngā mahi i whakaritea i roto i te mara o te āwhina hauora, pāpori, me te ngaio.

tīwae Special i rongoa mo eo te wā o te mahi i runga i ngā wāhanga katoa o te hōtaka, i roto i nei whakamana i te mahi tūtohutia, i mua o te mahi tūtohutia hoatu te kaitoi tīpakohia i roto i te puka o ngā rōpū pūtahi ranei. I muri i te taahiraa hoatu he tohu ki runga ki te whakatinanatanga ranei ngā hanganga ture kāore-ki mehua tūtohutia e te Whakahaere me, ahakoa o te ahua o te kāwanatanga, ka e haina ai i te matenga, te hiri o te tohu i roto i te tīwae.

Ko te tuhinga hainatia e te matenga o te tari e hānga ana o tohungatanga hauora me te pāpori, te tinana whakahaere o te inihua pāpori tiaki pāpori o te mana rohe, tūtohu te Fund Whakahaere ranei, takatakahia waitohu. tamaiti monokia tona kaitiaki ranei ka haina i te tuhinga i muri i te ako tupato o te mea whakatau te fatongia ki te ū ki ngā katoa o te hōtaka.

Paearu mō te tīpako i te faanahoraa o te whakanohonoho me te mana o te whakatinanatanga o mehua

whakamana hōtaka whakanohonoho takitahi e hāngai ana i runga i te kōwhiringa artist e tango ki pūkete te tūhāhā o ngā rōpū whakanohonoho i nga wahi monokia tangata. Ko te kī taurangi o te kounga o ngā ratonga whakanohonoho e hāngai ana i runga i te huarahi pūnahanaha ki te whakatinanatanga o mehua ki te whakarite mehua atu i roto i te matatini.

Mana ki runga i te whakatinanatanga o te hōtaka

Ki te whakahaere pehea e kawea te hōtaka takitahi i roto i whakanohonoho o ngā rangatahi i whakaritea he kaimahi motuhake ki te whakahoki ia tangata hauā. mahi ia i te mahi e whai ake nei:

• Ka whiwhi muhu;
• aroturuki te ahunga whakamua o te mehua whakanohonoho taumata tika o tohunga;
• i muri i te hōtaka whakaora e whakarite he hui ki te whakawhiti kōrero mō te whai huatanga o te whakatinanatanga o ngā mahi, me te whai wāhi i roto i te kōrero o whakarerekētanga ratonga.

mahi tinana tūmatanui pāpori rite te wae mana, ka he hōtaka takitahi o whakanohonoho, e mahi enei taua whakahaere mehua ki whakahokia ngā āhuatanga pāpori me te tinana o te manawanui. Hei whakahaere i te āhuatanga whai wāhi te Bureau o whakamātautau pāpori hauora, e pupuritia he huinga o ngā ngohe me ngā ratonga i te wahi o te hunga hauā.

whakaaurakitanga o te hapu i roto i te rawakore pāpori

Private hōtaka whakanohonoho whānau rite kaimahi pāpori ki te mau metua i aia i roto i te tūranga asocial kore tika te whakatutuki kawenga mātua mo te mātauranga o te whakatupuranga o muri, kei te mau mahue nga tamariki ki te te haapa'o ratou. Hapori waiho mau utuafare kino e ngaro kahore tetahi tau'a, tuku iho morare, te huri hononga whānau, hapu ngaro hapori.

Hoki te whakamāramatanga o te whānau kia rite ki te hapori kino i reira e te tahi mau hiahiatanga. Ko ētahi o ēnei ko te hiahia o ngā mātua ki te mahi, me te whiwhi i te oranga, te manarūtanga o inu i te kava, me taero. puta haumarurutanga whānau ka tino hohoro i akina atu tenei ara o te ora hohekore meake ki te oraraa pouri o ngā tamariki. Tupú āta waiho i runga i ngā wāhi huarahi, ko te kupu whai wāhi ki te otinga o ngā rōpū anti-pāpori o te iwi taitamariki.

Ahunga o te mahi o ngā ratonga pāpori

hanga ake hōtaka takitahi o whakanohonoho o ngā whānau i te otinga o te mahi tūmatanui pāpori i muri i te tirohanga kāinga me te ora i runga i te noho whānau. Hanga te whakamāramatanga me te tātaritanga o ngā hononga whānau, te ora ako i roto i runga i te ngā o te mua. Ko te mahi i runga i te ako o te tuakiri o ngā mātua me whanaunga noho tahi. I muri i te fariiraa i te kōrero i te pupuritia māramatanga o ngā take whānau, puta reira hāngai ki te mātauranga o ngā tamariki, tūranga o te tamaiti i roto i te porohita te utuafare, whāinga ako me ngā wawata o te ngā mema o te rōpū e hāngai ana.

Paearu mō te whakauru i roto i te mana hapu o te aueue

Tenei āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• nanakia ki te tamaiti, te tamaiti ki te iti;
• whakataha tamau o te ihirangi o te mātauranga, te ako a te tamaiti;
• whanonga pānga te waipiro i runga i te konä o te tamaiti (te inu o waipiro, taero, ngangare, oati, whakaitinga);
• he ngana ki te whai wāhi i te iti i roto i te kōmihana o te hara kino ranei.

whakahaere mahi āwhina pāpori

hōtaka takitahi o te whakanohonoho pāpori o te mau utuafare rawakore whakarato te pūtake mō:

• tautoko hinengaro me te whakanohonoho;
• tautoko me te āwhina hinengaro i roto i te whānuitanga o ngā mōrearea, me ngā āhuatanga taumaha;
• e mau ana i roto i ngā mahi tohutohu ki ngā kaiako, tākuta, kaimātai hinengaro;
• te hanganga o te taiao pai, me te hauora i roto i te whare, i roto i te whakatairanga o āhua hauora;
• mātauranga o te tikanga mau metua kauhau ki te rangatira mōhiotanga ki te ako, whakangungu ariā me te mahi i runga i te whakaaturanga o nga hōhonutanga o te mātauranga whānau me te whakangungu mahi tamaiti;
• āwhina i roto i te kimi mahi, me te mahi;
• hanga utu rite āwhina rauemi.

Ko te hua o te hōtaka whakanohonoho

A, no te oti te hōtaka whakanohonoho takitahi te, haere te tohunga ki te mahi whakahaere me te huarahi, me te kohikohi i te kōrero ki te whakatau i te putanga o te mahi whakaora habilitation. Ko te whāinga matua o te hui e ki te arotake i te mau hopearaa o te faaho'iraa mai o te mahi faufaa o te tangata hauā, me tona tūranga i roto i te hapori. Doctors whakarāpopoto nga mahi o ngā hōtaka herehere, me te whanaketanga, whakanohonoho pāpori, mahi haumanu, me te hākinakina. Teuteu he whakaaro i runga i te āhua o ki te whakapehapeha hōtaka whakanohonoho pāpori mo te āhua o te hauora morare, me te tinana o te manawanui.

Ko te whakataki o te huarahi takitahi i roto i te whakanohonoho o te kāwanatanga utu whakarongo ki te whai wāhi i riria o te iwi whakaraerae ki hauā ki hinonga tūmatanui katoa, ara te pūnaha transportation, whakaurunga engineering, hangarau mōhiohio, ratonga aratuku.