Ko te hanganga o lysosomes me ratou tūranga i roto i te ka pākia pūtau

Ka taea te whakaaro te pūtau rite ultramicroscopic hanganga ora, e hua ana ki nga āhuatanga katoa tūturu i roto i te tinana. huānga pūtau huaina organelles, te mahi i te mahi o te romahā, whakaputa uri, taratahi, nakunaku. Lysosomes - tetahi o nga momo o organelles. Ko ratou hanganga odnomembrannym me ngā mahi motuhake e pā ana ki te nakunaku o matū me ngā huānga pūtau katoa i roto i te cytoplasm. I roto i tenei pepa ako tatou i te hanganga o lysosomes me whakamārama ratou tūranga i roto i te oranga o te pūtau.

Ka rite ki organelles i hanga

E tohu vacuoles odnomembrannye ki tonu i te whākōkī kūnatu, kua hanga e i roto i te waka tauā lysosomes Golgi matatini , me te e karangatia tuatahi. Ko te awa puta ratou te mīhini i roto i te cytoplasm pūtau. Kia cytostructure timata pakaru lysosomes ki te takanga mai wahia iho te mea organic ranei, riro ratou ingoa tuarua.

E ki tonu ēnei organelles ki rongoā o whākōkī e taea o wāhinga o rāpoi warowaihā, glycolipids me pūmua. E lysosomes Tuarua kei roto taua matū kaha biologically pērā i proteases, lipases me sulfurylase. Ko te internals o te organelle kua iti iho i te 7 pH, mai te whākōkī runga ake e mātātoa i roto i te taiao waikawa. E nehenehe o te endocytosis pinocytosis ranei organelles. lysosomes Hanganga tei te nuinga i runga i te pūmua motuhake i roto i te pūtau i hanga i runga i nga takere o potakataka kiriuwhi.

Ko te hanganga matū o te hanganga poukapa me lysosomes

Tonu ki te ako i te āhuatanga o lysosomes, whakaaro rite te mea matū hanga ratou taiao ā-. Kei matatini pūmua whākōkī te nui tino e: phosphorylase (piri waikawa amino), glucosidase (meatanga i runga i te kūhuka, cellulose, māngaro) me (ngako āta whakarite rāpoi whakangaromanga, steroids) lipase.

Ko ātete ki te whākōkī whakahuatia i runga ake membrane organelle Own. I roto i ētahi wā, riro te reira hema ki to ratou mahi, e tika ana ki te autolysis - whaiaro-whakakorenga o te membrane, kia e ringihia pukuriri matū kopu ki te cytoplasm pūtau. arata'i tenei ki tona whaiaro nakunaku-.

mahi organelle

Kei te mohiotia te pai te reira i tukanga pēhea te nui i roto i tauhohe pūkoro whakatairanga i te tikanga o ngā rauemi ururua mongamonga o ngā hanganga pūtau, pērā i pungaraungao tawhito, ribosomes ranei. High mahi enzymatic o organelles kitea i roto i aua pūtau, ka karanga phagocytic. Ko reira runga ake te hanganga katoa o te pūnaha ārai mate: basophils, macrophages, neutrophils, B lymphocytes. lysosomes Paraimere i roto i aua pūtau feunga nui (ki runga, ki te 0.5 microns). Kei roto ratou whākōkī pērā i ribonuclease, protease, DNase. faataa taua hanganga te e whai ake: pūtau taea o phagocytosis, piri matua huakita me matūriki huaketo kei roto pūmua me waikawa ribonucleic.

tikanga mea faahiahia e whakarato organelles mahi proteolytic. matūriki Foreign rāpoi ranei e tuatahi mau miru. Ki te hanumi reira lysosome tuatahi, e tuku whākōkī hydrolytic. Na ka karanga tenei organelle te tuarua lysosome haamata kaha ngaungau riro e te rauemi kopu. Ko te hua wāhinga atu E ruia ana ki nga pūtau hyaloplasm ka rongoa toenga pukupuku i roto i organelles, kua huaina nei inaianei nga pūtau wäriu. Ko te hanganga i runga o nga lysosomes o ngā momo me te whakamārama i te mahi matua o enei hanganga pūtau.

Ko te tūranga o organelles i tauhohe pūkoro o te tinana tangata

Ki te hangaia whākōkī i roto i te lysosomes nui, i reira te mea he kaimahi o ratou, e arata'i ki kino mate tuku, pērā i leukodystrophy metachromatic. Ko te hanganga o lysosomes i roto i tenei māuiuitanga ohoreretia. I roto i to ratou kopu e ngaro kei roto i te sulfatase kāwanatanga tautauā ranei - kia u whākōkī cerebrosides. Ka rite ki ngā hua o te pākia i roto i nga pūtau o te kiko io, me tikanga ratou o, engari te kore o whākōkī e tika ana arata'i ki whakaeminga o enei pūhui i roto i te neuroglia me hyaloplasm neurocytes. ai te tāoke i roto i te kikokiko io e hanga te roro, me te ua tenei. Ka rite ki te hua - te whanaketanga o abnormalities tinana, me te retardation hinengaro.

Ko te kupu, odnomembrannye organelle kawenga mo te nakunaku o matū, te tākaro i te wāhi tino nui i roto i te ka pākia pūtau. I roto i tenei mahi i ako matou i te hanganga o lysosomes, kua kitea e matou o ratou tūranga me uara i roto i te mahi pūtau me te tinana tangata katoa rite te katoa.