Ko te momo matua o kaihoko i roto i te mākete me te toa

Ko te hononga o te kaihoko me kaihoko - tetahi o te uaua tino, no te mea me te kaihoko ki te rapu i te reo noa. E ai ki ngā akoranga, te whai huatanga o te hoko, tei runga i te āhua o te kaihoko matau nga momo o kiritaki me he taea ki te rapu i te huarahi ki a ratou. Na kaihoko - ko reira matua iwi, ia o nei kua ona āhuatanga hinengaro.

kāhua Tauhira

He rerekē katoa matou, te haere ki te toa rerekē, te whiriwhiri i nga hua o rama rongonui, me te kore-pera o utu utu, me te utu. paerewa ora Modern ki te whakarōpū kiritaki katoa i runga i te mau parau tumu e whai ake nei:

• Te pūmanawa: i reira he kaihoko e toro wā he putanga ngā hokohoko, engari e kore e hoko i te taonga.
• kaihoko New tomo te taonga mo te wa tuatahi. A ki kaihoko ki te mahi hanga i te ongo pai i runga i kiritaki na etehi ratou mo tenei putanga.
• kiritaki auau: e matau ana ratou ki nga kaihoko hanga tonu kōwhiringa i roto i te toa motuhake, a mauruuru i te reira no te kounga hua ranei utu, ngā kaimahi ranei.
• Kaihoko kahore manakohanga: enei momo o kaihoko rawa uaua, rite kia waiho ratou tupato ki te mahi.

aha kare

Takitaha o tatou mai ki etahi he toa mo hoko motuhake. Na ia o tatou he kare motuhake i te toro i tētahi wāhi ngā o te hoko. Ngā kaimātai hinengaro whakarōpū kiritaki katoa hoki etahi momo o ratou ahua-whatumanawa:

• kiritaki kiripiro: rerekē ratou te paraire, me te whanonga ata, e kore e rite ratou ki te whakahoki kupu pātai kaihoko.
• whakaaro kaihoko whakamā tonu ki a ratou kia tika, kia uaua whakarongo ki te tohutohu o kaihoko, āhuatanga e pau te me te oaoa.
• kiritaki pai-natured tonu pai ki te kōrero ki te kaihoko, whakarongo ki o ratou whakaaro, me te ara whai ratou. I te tahi taime te hoko nga kiritaki nga taonga, no te mea he wehi ki te te he tana ti'aturi ore te kaihoko ratou.

Ko enei nga momo matua o kaihoko hoko taonga ai mo te āhua aronganui, engari i waenganui i enei kāwai, he momo o kiritaki, he huru hinengaro e taea rerekē i fakaaoao ki te whaiaro te māia-me obsessions.

aha whanonga

Kete - te reira he tukanga aronganui, ka whakatoatoa ia kaihoko rerekē. Te tangata kia hoki te wa roa ki te whiriwhiri i te mea ano, he rota o anō-whanganga ratou, a ka tae mai te tangata mo te tauira motuhake, me te hoko i te reira ki runga. E ai ki ngā kaimātai hinengaro, momo katoa o shoppers tikanga rerekē, ka i runga i te whata i reira ko te hua hou :

• Innovators - te hunga kaihoko e hohoro te huru ki ngā tūemi hou katoa i roto i toa, a mo te mea ratou atu nui atu i to ratou ake whaiaro whakapae-. Taua kiritaki, kia rite ki kaimātai hinengaro, rapu ki te whakarite kia te taketake, ko te tino nui, kia kakahu hou kukume te aro o ētahi atu.
• hanga kiritaki Hohe hoki hoko tere, engari e aia ratou i te pānuitanga.
• kiritaki Progressive - te momo tino rongonui, rite te hoko ratou taonga, ka taka te tihi o tona rongonui.
• Materialists - Ko reira kiritaki e hoko i utu utu kua i roto o nga mea ahua. e kore e ratou farii i hua hou, me te tango i te mea kua kï.

He aha te mahi i marketers

I roto i to ratou tirohanga, kia whakatau i te momo o te kaihoko taea e koe i runga i ngā paearu whanonga. Marketers e 4 ngā momo o kiritaki:

• Ki te whanonga matatini. He rawe ki ki kiritaki hoko hua hou, me te utu tenei whanonga. Tikanga, Kei te hanga pinepine enei hoko, na kua oti aau. Tenei whanonga hoko i huaina ko matatini no mahia te kiritaki te ki te tūhura i te taha katoa hoko, ki te karo i te tūponotanga ki a ratou ano. I roto i tenei take, kua tukua te kaihoko ki te whakarite e te kōrero tino me mārama whakaahua te hua, me ona āhuatanga, ona painga, kia e taea te kaihoko mai manatoko i te tika o ratou ake kōwhiringa.
• He maha ngā momo o kaihoko momo i whanonga pahuhu ina whai ratou te whai wāhi ki te whiriwhiri i te maha o ōrite, me te rite i roto i ngā āhuatanga o te taonga. Ngā kaimātai hinengaro e mea e hoko penei kiritaki mea rite te tikanga o te whaiaro kīanga-.
• whanonga hoko ritenga i rawe ki ki te hunga kiritaki e whai whai wāhi iti, me te kore i kite i te nui o te rerekētanga i waenganui i te taonga. Taua kaihoko haere noa ki te toa mo te mea motuhake, me te hoko i te reira, kahore te whakatairite me te titiro hoki painga. Mai kore te mea taua kiritaki fafauraa ki nga taonga o te tetahi waitohu mo ki a ratou whakaongaonga whakamahi marketers rongoā pērā i reti hoko ranei.
• Tūhura whanonga: kiritaki kore e ki taua whanonga arotahi ki runga i te ngā waitohu - ratou whiriwhiri he aha rite koe ki konei, me te inaianei.

momo kiritaki Pakihi

Ko te kaihoko rerekē - he koa, me te maá, rapu me te mohio ki rite aha haere mai ia ki te taonga ranei i runga i te mākete. A, ki te whai tonu i te mākete te whai wāhi ki te whiriwhiri utu ngāwari me te ki whakapumautia hoki ratou he utu whakamarie i roto i te toa kore e tango wahi. He aha ngā momo o kiritaki e nui ki te mohio mo nga kaihoko ratou, mai taea reira ki te whakarite i te mahi ki te kiritaki. He rerekē te kiritaki, me te tona whakaaro ki:

• Loto Vēkeveke me taea ki te hoko: i roto i tenei take he hiahia i roto i te āhua o ki te faaitoito noa te kiritaki, ka kawe ia ia ki te hoko i te kaihoko.
• Te hinaaro ia, engari e kore e taea te hoko: i roto i tenei take, kua kite i te kaihoko i roto i nga take mo te eita o hoko me te ngana ki te kia e te wehe tonu te kiritaki mō tenei hua.
• e kore e hiahia ana ia ki te, engari kua te kaha ki te hoko.

He tino noa enei momo katoa o kaihoko i roto i te mākete, kia kaihoko i ki te whakaaro i roto i te rautaki, me te rapu huarahi ki ia kiritaki rite ki ana whakaritenga, me taea.

Na ko wai e koe

Ka taea te whakaahuatia momo hinengaro katoa o kiritaki i roto i te kupu e whai ake nei:

1. e rapu tonu Kaitätari mo te whakahoki ki te pātai "pehea?" A tamata ki te kitea he hua e e tutaki ratou whakaritenga. e kore e mangere rawa ki te tirohia i te meka enei kiritaki, rite rite ratou tino i roto i te mea katoa. ui ratou he rota o ngā pātai, kia e kaihoko i ki faaitoito te kaha katoa me te manawanui ki te kawe i te kōrero nui katoa ki te kiritaki.
2. e matau tonu kaihoko hihiri te mea ratou hiahia me ka. Na haere mai ratou ki te taonga ranei i runga i te mākete he whakaaro motuhake, ki toa, na te hapa ranei te whiriwhiri he waho. Taua kiritaki whakaora ratou wa, na e kore ratou e noho ai i runga i ngā pātai faufaa.
3. Howcast-hāngai kiritaki i roto i ki te ako i nga mea katoa e pā ana ki te hua. kōrero ratou he rota, a ui marie whakarongo ki nga whakautu katoa, engari nga meka me nga kōrero o to ratou kore e rawa hiahia.
4. kiritaki aronganui i mōrearea, he hihiri ratou, na maha hanga hoko noa. Nuinga o ngā wā, kei te mahia tenei momo o te iwi ki te whakarite e tāraro tona mana, me te aroha o te whakamarie.

whanonga Tauira: Hotlera ...

Kete - Ko te tukanga matatini, me te ōhanga, me i te taha hinengaro. Kua ara hanga Scientists tauira motuhake o te whanonga o te kiritaki whakamutunga. Ko te kupu, kia rite ki a F. Hotlera, whakatoatoa ia kaihoko i roto i ngā wāhanga: te tuatahi, ko ia mōhio, me te titiro hoki ngā mōhiohio, me ka hanga he whakatau, me te aromatawai i te tika o ratou mahi. He rite nga momo matua o kaihoko e whai ake: tuatahi whakatau ratou te hiahia ki te hoko, ako ai, a ka whakatau i te āhuatanga rapu, me te haere ki te toa. A ka ko reira nui e kiritaki hanga he whakatau tere, a kua awe reira e āhuatanga maha.

... Batman

E ai ki a Bethmann tauira pai rawa - tuaruatia reira te tikanga, kaua ki te raupapa. Ko te pūtaiao whakapono e te kiritaki tuatahi tukanga mōhiohio, he hihiri ki te hoko i te hua, te aromātai i te reira i roto i te marama o te mau mana-a me manakohanga takitahi. Na ka hanga he whakatau ki te hoko e kore ranei ki te hoko.

He aha kaihoko e hoko me te

Ko tatou katoa ahurei, he ona ake kaupapa matua, ngā uara me ngā hiahia ia. momo rerekē o kiritaki, momo o hoko, me e te pai. Ko kaipūtaiao whakapono e te kōwhiringa o te hua - te mahi reira matua hinengaro. A whakairo reira whakamahi me marketers, me retailers. e, i roto i to ratou whakaaro, kua wehea hoko katoa ki toru ngā momo:

1. Hokonga e E mārama whakamaheretia.
2. hoko noa i konei, me te inaianei.
3. Wāhanga whakamaheretia hoko.

Ko reira taa'eraa e te nuinga o nga shoppers hanga reira hoko noa, a kia te hua o tetahi kāwai utu tenei. Nuinga o ngā wā, i whiriwhiri te kiritaki hia te tahi mea kiato, me te maha e whakamahia ana i te kāinga. E whakatakotoria atu kaihoko ratou aua tūemi hihiko katoa i runga i te wahi tino nui - kia e kore tino e haere te kaihoko. I tua atu, he mea nui i ko pai te whakaritenga o te wahi, a aro mai ai te o ngā tae kanapa whakapakoko ranei.

E i te wāhi ōhanga o te tirohanga

Ko te kaihoko he ngā mō marketers me kaimātai hinengaro, engari ano hoki economists kore anake. faaoti ratou e te tikanga nga momo rerekē o kaihoko i roto i runga i te maha o ngā pānga:

• pānga o te mana ki te nuinga;
• snob pānga ;
• pānga Veblena;
• pānga utu.

Pānga o te mana ki te nuinga ta e te tangata hokona he hua e kore te mea e hiahia reira ratou, engari no te mea e te reira na tino. E ko, ahu enei kaihoko ki kia rite katoa atu, te ū ki ētahi atu iwi, ki te urupare ki o ratou whakaaro e pā ana ki ahua, huatau, me pera i runga i.

pānga Snob - ko te hiahia ki te hanga hoko mo te whakaaro ki o ratou mana, ki te whakaatu i to ratou ake faufaa me te taketake, tu atu i te mano. E ai ki te pānga o Veblen taonga e hokona mo te kohi papai. Nuinga o ngā wā hokona mea utu hangaia ki te korero ki a koutou e pā ana ki te mana, me te mana o te kaihoko. ngoi ana pānga utu i roto i te take, ina e tīpakohia te taonga e kore anake i runga i te kounga engari ano hoki i runga i te utu.

he rerekē te katoa, engari ko te katoa taua

I roto i te whānui, hoko whanonga kia faataa e āhuatanga rerekē - me te moni whiwhi me te wā-poto hiahia me te râ, me te hiahia ki te tu i roto i. E aro mātai ana te tangata hua te tangata e whiriwhiri te tino huatau, te tangata pai tonu waitohu o te hua taua, a kore te tangata e here ki tetahi rama motuhake. Katoa o tatou - kiritaki o ngā momo rerekē, me te paerewa o te ora, engari, kia rite ki kaipūtaiao, e tatari katoa hoki tūemi kounga matou, e pai kia hokona ki a tatou ki te whakarongo me te kōrero. He kaihoko hou - e kore te reira te mea hiahia reira pai, a ka ia te tangata e rapu ana i runga katoa ki te kia mōhio me te aroturuki o ratou whakatau.