Ko te Pakanga Patriotic nui, "Operation Edelweiss"

A, no te ka reira mārama e te "Blitzkrieg" (uira mahere whawhai i runga i te Front Eastern hinga) a ka waiho he whawhai roa, whakaturia Hitler i ia te mahi o nga ope Wehrmacht ki faaere whai wāhi ki te kapi rakau wahie i te utu o nga mara hinu Caucasian i Pipiri 1942 nga Sovietí. Ko te kupu, tamata nga Tiamana ki te tahe te kaha rangi me waka Armoured o te Army Whero. Whakamana i roto i te anga o tenei hōtaka ko te hopu o te Caucasus i ratou waehere-ko "Operation Edelweiss". Poto e pā ana ki te nuinga o tenei mahi, me te aha e kore i taea te whakaoti i te reira te kau Nasí, ka kia korerotia i roto i tenei tuhinga.

Ko te mahere o te whakahau Tiamana

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakarite i te mahi i whakaritea Führer, Army Group "A" ahu General Field Marshal Wilhelm Leaf, i, bypassing te hiwi Caucasian hauauru, me te hopu patu Novorossiisk i Tuapse, ko te pokapū o te rohe hinu nui. I te wa ano ki te hopu Grozny ko Baku i te taha ki te rawhiti o te hiwi oho Army Group "B", te tahi atu i raro i te whakahau a Field Marshal - Fedor von Bock.

i mua i Ahakoa timata te ino i roto i Tiamana ki te whakaaro o te whakahaere i te mara Caucasian whakapumautia e rua ngā kamupene hinu i, riro te reira i te tika motuhake mo te wā o 99 tau. I tua atu, i whakahau te Whakahaua Runga ki te mutu poma katoa o ngā wāhanga o te moni mo te ahumahi Tiamana. Ko te korero o nga ngā katoa riro e te Tiamana i whakatupato i mua ki ngā hōia SS ka papahoro ki nga wae hoariri o te Don Cossacks o General Krasnov.

Mai hāngai ana te mahi "Edelweiss" i i otinga o te mahi rautaki tino nui, ka i tonoa tona mahi ope nui, ngā 168 mano. Soldiers me rangatira o te Wehrmacht me neke atu i te 1.5 mano. Tanks. I tua atu, tahi ki te hōia i roto i te Caucasus i tonoa ki pā ana ki 14 mano. Tohunga Oil.

Division Highland Fusiliers

Mai te "Edelweiss" - tamata te mahi hōia, i whakahaere i roto i te rohe o te whānuitanga maunga Caucasus, ka hoki tona whakatinanatanga angitu o nga Tiamana ki te ahu painga mōrahi i te āhuatanga māori o te rohe. He i tona tikanga Mountain Division, kaimahi e tangata taketake o te rohe maunga o tonga Bavaria, me te kaitākaro-piki, kua whakaritea te whakahau ki reira he tūranga matua i roto i te mahi o te mahi tikanga.

Units o tenei wehenga, rawa, i te ara i huaina, ko te "Edelweiss", i whakahau, whawhati i roto i te rohe noho wateatanga maunga haere Elbrus, patua te hiku o nga wae Soviet nei tamata ki te aukati i te mua o Army Group "A". Ko te kupu te nekeneke tū matatini tikanga ki Whero meinga he ru ohorere, me te reira tango te kaupapa.

Swastika i runga i Elbrus

No te faaineine i te whakawhitinga o nga ope matua o te Wehrmacht te titiro, 5 Mountain Division mangai, ia o nei ngā o ki runga ki te 90 iwi, ka turia atu e me, e tu ana i runga i te whenua tiketike, keria i. He kua tāuta e koe a ratou pū mīhini me pu maunga. Hei whakaara i te ngākau o te kaimahi o nga wae, i kawea ope mahi "Edelweiss" i roto i, i whakahau te kupu Tiamana ki nga wahi katoa i nga ngā teitei o te huinga, haki Nasí.

kawea tenei tikanga i roto i te pedantry pono Tiamana, a kua August 21 ki te kara swastika poipoia i roto i te tihi rāwhiti me te uru o Maunga Elbrus. Ahakoa te meka i tangohia tenei mahi kua he rota o te kaha, me te meinga te roa i roto i te akoranga o te mahi, i ia uara whakatö nui, hoatu he take ki te pēhi hoatu Goebbels i te kupu matua whārangi mua, kauwhau e i teie nei i runga i te namu haki Tiamana i runga i te wāhi tino teitei rawa o Europe.

I te tihi o te rangatira wehenga Mountain tonoa General Hubert Lanz ki Berlin kiriata rīpene, Ka kopere rawa tae i runga i tenei take, ngā, a ka mau te kaupapa ki te whakaingoa i te Elbrus tihi karanga ia Hitler.

kamupene kore ingoa

Ka rite ki te nuinga o kōrero hōia, ko te ohorere oti ki te rongo o te kupu Soviet i taea ki te piki i te matapuna maunga tata uaua nga Tiamana, a i roto i te tua, ki te whakaturia ki runga ki te tihi o nga ngā puhipuhi.

i whakahau tono o whakahau ki patoto tonu ratou i roto i. Heoi, ko tona whakatinanatanga anake te kōwae hohoro i hanga, kaimahi e kaieke mua Budyonny, nei i kahore wheako o te pakanga kahore anake i roto i ngā wāhi maunga, engari i roto i te whānui, tae noa ki runga ki te waewae, me te i tylovikov, he tokomaha o nei e kore e puritia i roto i ringa ringa.

i tenei kōwae hohoro i hanga tona tau mōhiohio e kore anake, engari ara te rārangi o ngā ingoa o hoia. i tēra i whakahaua pono haukāinga, - kaikuti makawe o te wahine o inanahi Grigoryants, hua tata i mua o te rūtene.

I roto i te ohotata,

A ano ko reira i ratou ki te whai wāhi i roto i te whawhai ki te pere wehenga whiriwhiri "Edelweiss". Operation 1942 ki te hopu i te Caucasus tae hono tumutumú i te timatanga o Mahuru, ka Grigoryants kōwae i raro i te taupoki o te pouri me te kohu, na auau i tenei wa o te tau, ka whakatika ki te tiketike o te maunga haere Terskol. Ratou mahi i ki ohorere whawhai te hoariri, kia rere ia ki te tūranga noho i mua.

I muri whakaoti i te wahi tuatahi o te mahere, me te aranga ki te tohu tomu'a, ko nga hoia Army Whero i roto i te āhuatanga tino. A, no te ara i te kohu ata, ratou, he i runga i te maunga tuwhera paku raro Tiamana tohu te ūnga pai mō kaikopere maunga. Te tuku hoia i runga i te misioni, e kore e te whakahau noa whakarite ratou kakahu hunaraa, a ka marama te tu ratou koti pouri i roto i ki te hukarere ma.

Heroes titahatanga haupapa

Te tātari i te āhuatanga o nāianei, kua kotahi mai hītori hōia ki te mutunga e kore Grigoryants i i rūtene toa he wāhi e kore noa ki te whakahauora ake i te Tiamana i ratou tūranga reira, engari tae noa ki te noho ora. Te āhua, kua matau ai ratou te Army Whero, engari mahi, Heoi, rite te tūturu aito.

pukapuka tiaki o hoia Tiamana - te mau melo o te mahi, i roto i nei ratou kōrero e pā ana ki te pehea miharo ki te mea ka titiro ki te kanga, engari e kore e te horoa hoia, mooni whawhai hoki nga mita pinakitanga haupapa. Ko e taea ki te tahuri atu, a ka mutu maia mate anake. Ko ratou tuatahi itoito tomu'a tiango heke mai o whakawhitinga "Edelweiss".

I te mutunga o Mahuru 1942 i te tikanga o te kupu Soviet i runga i Elbrus i tonoa he kōwae motuhake, i ngā hoia katoa o rawa whakangungua. Enei ngā nga rangatira NKVD e whai i te whakangungu e tika ana, me piki ngaio. Heoi, ara ki to ratou awhina kihai i taea rohe maunga noa i nga Tiamana.

Ko te tiango o te "Operation Edelweiss"

Heoi, i tenei wa i te whawhai i tata te wāhi koki whakatakotoria, hua i te hinga o te ope Tiamana i Stalingrad. A ahakoa i te wa te wehenga Paulus tonu tonu ki te pato'ii te, ko reira mārama e te putanga o te whawhai te mutunga foregone.

Ka rite ki i roto i te take o te mate Tiamana i Stalingrad Mountain Division te heipü karapotia, hoatu Wehrmacht rangatira te tikanga mo tona withdrawal i te rohe o te Caucasus. Ko te kupu, ko te mahi "Edelweiss" pai whakarewahia a whānui ka whakanekehia tahuri Goebbels Tāhuhu kore.

toa kore ingoa me o ratou itoito

Ko reira pouri, engari he iti te kore kua murimatetia tohua kahore tetahi i te wae hero pohe i hanga i tylovikov me budonovtsev mua mō ngā tohu, me te hea i roto i te mahara o ratou i whakaturia ofa'i haamana'oraa. Ano, noho unknown noa ki nga ingoa o nga pūāhua, rite hohoro huihuia he kamupene, rite whakahuatia i runga ake, i kore anake nga tau ope, engari ara te rārangi o nga kaimahi.

Otiia, Ko rerekē nui te kaiaka o enei iwi, no te mea te whakahaere whakawhetai anake ki to ratou itoito no te mau i runga i Elbrus hōia Tiamana, me te kore e tukua ratou, bypassing te ngā Caucasus, patua te hiku o nga hoia Soviet, ki te tu atu i te whakaekenga o te German Army "A" me "B". Ratou feat ko tetahi o nga wā maha o itoito hoia Soviet ingoakore e i whakawhiwhia te Pakanga Patriotic nui katoa.

"Operation Edelweiss", ka hapu, ka kawea ki waho i te Tiamana rite ki nga tikanga o te toi hōia, tūpono iwi resistance manawanui e haere ki tua atu kaha tangata tūturu, me tona wikitoria i taea.

Ko te maharatanga ki o nga tau whawhai

I tčnei wā, anake te pou o te ngā Ko nga wahi kua ururuatia o Elbrus te te maunga teitei rawa i roto i te hotera o te Soviet Union (4130 mita i runga ake taumata o te moana), kotahi i huaina "tahi Shelter" ka tahuna iho i roto i 1998. I roto i te wā, ka whakahaere mahi e te Tiamana "Edelweiss" (BOB) reira headquarter Mountain Division Vermahta.

No te mea o te kamupene hautoa o Rūtene Grigoryants me ratou feat o te iwi whānui kua iti rawa mōhio, faaoti tenei āputa ki te whakaki i te filmmakers Russian. I roto i te 2012, kaiwhakahaere Ruslan Bozhko Igorem Malahovym me pakipūmeka "Operation" Edelweiss "i kiriata. ngaro Last. " i filmmakers he mahi nui, rauemi rongoa i roto i nga pūranga o te kāinga, me te ke ako.

Ko te take mō te hanga i te kiriata timata puta i roto i te press e pā ana ki te meka i roto i enei ra i runga i te tahataha o piki Elbrus e fakautuutu timata ki te kitea i tiaki i roto i te huka tonu o nga hoia Soviet. No te mea, kia rite ki te kātipa mōhiohio, i roto i te rohe o ngā mahi hōia tino e kore kawea atu (kihai i rite te whakahau Soviet ki te whakaaro o ratou miscalculations), whakatika te pātai: he aha tino meinga nei ki reira i roto i te whawhai? Mai hoko mōhio o te itoito o hoia, i roto i nei ia tape'ahia te mahi i te taha o "Edelweiss" ka hoatu te arai i te ara o nga kau Nasí ki te hinu Caucasian.