Mate Stephen Hawking o. Ko te hītori o te mate Stephen Hawking

Ahupūngao i Ingarangi Stiven Hoking mohiotia te kore anake i roto i ngā porowhita pūtaiao. He tokomaha whakarite reira ki nga kaiputaiao tairanga pērā i Einstein ko Newton. Kit e mo ki ahupūngao ariā me te pāngarau tono, wāhi me te ariā wa, te tūhura i te ture taketake e pei i te ao. Stephen Ko te kaiputaiao rawa whai mana o teie tau, Matua ia te Tari o te University o Cambridge.

Ko te kōrero o Stephen Hawking - taimau te upooti'araa i te mate te mahu ai, e apee ia tata toku ora pakeke katoa. Tenei tangata mīharo i taea e ki te ite i te taea ta'efakangatangata o te ngakau o te tangata, e mate ana i te sclerosis lateral Amyotrophic.

haurongo Poto o te kaipūtaiao

I whanau Stephen Hawking i runga i January 8, 1942 i roto i te utuafare no ki te piha haapiiraa waenganui. Heoi, ko ana matua paetahi o Oxford, a nga pūkenga whakaaro. Tepene i te tamaiti noa, engari i roto i te 8 tau, ako ia ki te pānui i. Ko te kura he ākonga pai, engari kahore tino kore rerekē i ō rātou hoa.

Iteraa i roto i te moni nui i roto i te ahupūngao, piri ia te Tari o Physics i Oxford, kihai i nei whakaatu nui hihiko ki te ako, ki te noho wa ake tākaro hākinakina, me te kai. Ahakoa tenei katoa, i taea e ia i roto i 1962 ki te whiwhi ki te āpā tohu o te bachelor. Stephen noho hoki etahi wa i roto i Oxford me sunspots ako, engari i muri faaoti ki te haere ki Cambridge. I reira i whai wāhi ia i roto i te tātai arorangi ariā.

Kua tīmata ma'i Stephen Hawking o ki te kia ongo'i rite wawe rite te wā wa o University Cambridge. A i roto i te 1963, ko te tātaritanga matekiri te tangata taitama - sclerosis lateral Amyotrophic (ALS).

He aha te mea ALS?

Ko te mate ma'i o te pūnaha io pokapū, e āta kauneke. Kei te āhuatanga i te reira e te pāpaka o te uho me brainstem, me neurons ua kawenga mō te kaupapa. Tūroro whakawhanake pāpāngia, a ka atrophy o uaua.

I roto i Europe, te mate Stephen Hawking mo te wa roa e huaina ki roto i te honore o te pūtaiao Charcot, e whakaahuatia te tohu i roto i te waenganui o te rau tau XIX. I roto i te US, kei te maha tuku te mate ki rite te mate o Goering i roto i te mahara o te kaitākaro poitūkohu rongonui nei mate o ALS.

Amyotrophic sclerosis lateral - ko te mate onge. O te iwi 100 mano mamae ratou i tetahi ki te e rima. Nuinga o ngā wā, iwi tiki mate i 40 ki te 50 tau. mate Stephen Hawking o, nga take o nei he unknown, kahore he rongoa. Pūtaiao kore e taea e tonu matau mate aha rere o ngā pūtau io. Whakapapa whai wāhi i roto i pā ana ki 10% o te wā.

Heoi, i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 2000, kua fokotu'u kairangahau e pā ana ALS te ki te haaputuputuraa i roto i te rāpoi ngota neurotransmitter roro. Ētahi taunakitanga e whakawhanake te mate e tika ana ki te waikawa glutamic nui, ai neurons ki te mahi i te kaha tonu, a reira hohoro ngaro. I tēnei wā kei te kaha rapu i te reira no te ira te kawenga mō te whanaketanga o te sclerosis lateral Amyotrophic. Ahakoa homai te meka e nui te mahi kitea tarukino i tenei mate, ko reira o 100% tahuti.

Tohu me te akoranga o te mate

mate Stephen Hawking o, nei tohu e ngāwari raruraru ki te ahua o te tahi atu, mate iti mōrearea, he rawa haavare. Tuatahi, mana'o te tangata mama uaua te whakararuraru, (te nuinga maha nga ringa). Ka kitea tēnei i roto i te mau fifi, pērā i tuhituhi, buttoning, tango tūemi iti.

Kia tīmata te mate ki te haere i mua, me te i roto i te tukanga o āta mate neurons nekeneke o te tuaiwi, a ki a ratou, me nga wahi o te roro e whakahaere nekehanga tūao. Ka rite ki te hua, nui noa atu te uaua ko kahore kaupapa te farii ore i ponana i te roro.

Amyotrophic sclerosis lateral, ka tona ingoa no te mea te neurons e whakahaere ponana ki te uaua o te tinana kei runga i te taha puta noa i te ua.

Tino maha i roto i nga tīmatanga o te mate i uaua ki te kupu, me te horomia. I roto i te wāhanga i muri mai o te tangata rawa kowaiwai o te waka, ngaro te tangata tona mata, arero uaua atrophy, i reira te waiwai ana. Heoi, kahore mamae, ia e kore e ite.

mate Stephen Hawking o ahakoa whakamataku, no te mea hanga reira pararutiki ia, otiia e kore e whakakorikoria nga tukanga hinengaro. Memory, rongo, kite, mahara, noho tonu mahi roro hinengaro.

He aha te mea te take o te mate i roto i tūroro ALS?

I roto i te wāhanga whakamutunga o te atrophy mate me uaua romahā, kia e kore e taea e te tangata manawa. Ahakoa reira he ano taua e kore e ano tino ta'e ngāue te tinana, engari mutu te uaua e kua whai wāhi i roto i te manawa, ki te mahi.

ora Stephen Hawking o ki ALS

Ahakoa te tātaritanga wehingia, tonu a Tepene i te ora kaha. Heoi, i hanga nga tohu ite ratou. A i muri i te ino haere Hawking ki te hōhipera mō te whakamātautau, te wahi i korerotia e ia i te rongo e wehingia ana e kore atu i te rua nga tau e ora ia. I muri i tenei rongo, nga tangata e kua hinga ki te whārua, ko kahore okotahi me Tepene. Ko kua riro te matewai mo te ora, a ka timata ia ki te tuhituhi i tona tuhinga. ohorere te kitenga Hawking e reira he wa ki te mahi i te tahi mea whaitake, te tahi mea whai hua hoki te ao tonu.

ma'i Stephen Hawking o kihai i ārai ia i roto i 1965 ki te kia marena Jane Wilde, Heoi, ka haere ia ki tona marena ki te kakaho. mohio tana wahine e pā ana ki te tātaritanga whakamataku, engari faaoti ki horo'ai tona ora katoa i whiriwhiria tango tiaki o ia, ia taea ia te mahi hua, whai wāhi i roto i ngā mahi pūtaiao. Fakataha pau ratou neke atu i te 20 tau tau, marenatia ki ngā tamariki e toru i whanau. Ngā mihi ki a Dzheyn Stiven whakaakona tonu, ara te hawhe pararutiki.

Otiia ki te ora ki te tangata e mate ana i ALS, he reira tino uaua. Na reira, i roto i te tīmatanga o nga 90 whakarerea te tokorua. Heoi i mahue Hawking anake hoki te roa. marenatia e ia tona kaihiki. roa te faaipoiporaa 11 tau.

ngā mahi pūtaiao

Stephen Hawking, te mate kua fakalakalaka ki tona mahi pūtaiao e, ka awhina ia ia tona tuhinga i roto i 1966, a kihai whakakorikoria te tau e whai ake nei ki te kakaho me tootoo. I muri i te korero angitu, ka anga ia ki te mahi i Cambridge College Gonville ko Kaiu rite te kairangahau.

Whakamahia te wīra i mai 1970, engari i roto i te noa'tu o tenei, i waenganui 1973 me 1879 mahi Hawking i te Whare Wānanga o Cambridge Faculty o Applied Mathematics me Ahupūngao Mā te, i reira ka ia he ahorangi i roto i 1977.

Ahupūngao Stiven Hoking i 1965 ki te 1970, whakahaere rangahau i runga i te āhua o te ao i roto i te Big Bang. I te tau 1970 ako ia te ariā o rua mangu, kua whakatakoto ahau te maha o ariā. Ka rite ki te hua o tona mahi pūtaiao , hanga e ia he takoha nui ki te arorangi me te tātai arorangi, me te he māramatanga o te ariā o te mahara me te rua pango. Ngā mihi ki tona Hawking hua mahi ka te rangatira o te maha nui o ngā tohu, me te taonga.

Whakatika tae noa ki 1974, te pūtaiao taea e whai i runga i to ratou ake, ka whiwhi ki runga, ka haere ki te moenga. Etahi wa i muri te mate takoha ki te rapu i te āwhina o ngā ākonga, engari i muri i ki te utu i te nēhi ngaio.

Stiven Hoking kaua hohoro ngaro te kaha ki te tuhituhi hoki o te atrophy o nga uaua o te ringa. Hei whakaoti rapanga matatini me whārite, hanga me te sioloto kauwhata i roto i te ngakau. i tukua e ia me te taputapu waiata o te kaiputaiao, i matau ai e anake hoa tata, me te hunga e whai whakapā auau ki a ia. Ahakoa tenei, Stephen tai'oe pepa pūtaiao me te hekeretari kauhau, engari he reira pono, ki te āwhina o te kaiwhakamaori.

tuhituhi

faaoti te pūtaiao ki te popularize pūtaiao me te i roto i te tau 1980 i timata te mahi i runga i te pukapuka, i ui ko e "Ko ha Hisitõlia Nounou o Time." E whakamārama ana te āhua o te mea, te wā me te wāhi, te ariā o rua pango me te Big Bang. Kaituhi A ape i matatini ngā pāngarau me whārite, tumanako e ka waiho te iwi noa hiahia i roto i te pukapuka. A pera tonu te meatanga. Steven a tumanako e e riro na rongonui tona mahi. I roto i te 2005, i tuhituhi Hawking he pukapuka tuarua, a hoatu ana ki te ingoa o "He Briefer History o Time." Kei te whakatapua te reira ki te whanaketanga hou i roto i te mara o te tātai arorangi pāngarau.

Communication ki te ao waho mā te whakamahi i te tikanga

I roto i te 1985, faaau Hawking kakā. Steven rawa reokore no o te tracheotomy takoha. whakaorangia iwi āwangawanga te pūtaiao i te puku. I whakawhanakehia he hōtaka rorohiko e taea ai e koe te whakamahi i te swipe o te hua maihao ki te whiriwhiri i te kupu whakaaturia i runga i te aroturuki, me te fakatahai ratou ki kīanga, i te mutunga ka tono tangata ki hoki te tukutahi kupu. Communicating ki te iwi i roto i te hangarau rorohiko, kua nui ake te ora o te kaiputaiao. Ko reira ano hoki he wāhi ki te iriti i te whakamahi i nga tohu pūhōrite whārite o te ahupūngao, i i tuhituhia nga kupu. Na, ako Steven takitahi ki kauwhau, engari i ratou ki te hanga i roto i mua, me te unga ki te tukutahi kupu.

I muri i te uaua atrophy pūtaiao e alangá mo tino ta'e ngāue whakanohoia pūoko pōkākā i roto i ona mōhiti. Tenei taea ki a koe te tīpako i te pukapuka titiro.

mutunga

Ahakoa tona mate nui, ko tonu Stephen Hawking kaha rawa i roto i ona tau 73. e waiho e ia te hae o maha iwi hauora. haere ia pinepine, homai uiuiraa, tuhia e ngā pukapuka, e ngana ana ki te popularize pūtaiao, hanga mahere mo te heke mai. Ahorangi moe ko te haerenga i runga i te waka ātea. i whakaakona te mate ia kihai ki tohungia ia, no te mea ki he tokomaha e kore e pera pai. whakapono ia e pera roa noho e tika ana ki ngā hua mahi me te tiaki ataahua hinengaro.

Ka taea e tatou te mea e te aamu o Stephen Hawking - ko te tauira o te uaua nui me te itoito, e whai anake koutou makau.