Monument ki Catherine i Odessa me era atu pa

Kei tēnei wāhanga o te ahurea tuku iho o te whenua i runga i te rongonui Catherine Square o te pa, kei roto i te tonga Ukraine. Haunga ia, tu ano he tohu o Catherine nga hoa nui, a i roto i te huinga, me nga kaiwhakatū o Odessa - de flounces, de Ribas, Potemkin me niho.

hanga te turanga i roto i te 1900, ka te wāwāhitanga i te tau 1920. I te tau 2007 i reira ko te faaho'iraa mai o te pou, i meinga he rarā tōrangapū nui.

Facts i te hītori o te pou

Ka rite ki te mea e mohiotia, i 1794 i te wō o Catherine II timata hanga o te pa tauranga, i muri i huaina Odessa. I muri 200 tau, whakaarahia nga tangata o tenei pa he pou i roto i te honore o te Empress, tāutatia nei i runga i te tapawha Pāoa. Na ka haere mai nga mua ki te mana, a ka whakaritea e te reira ki te wetewete. Whakapakoko de Volán, de Ribas, Potemkin me niho - ki te kawe i taonga hītori rohe, me te whakapakoko o Catherine te nui - ki te whakangaro.

I roto i te 1965, i runga i te taua Catherine Square whakaturia he tohu hou, whakatapua nei ki te huritau 60 o te whakatikanga ake o nga kaiwhakatere o te tama'i rongonui "Potemkin".

2007 i tohua e te meka e i faaoti i te rangatira o te pa ki te waihanga i te pou ki Catherine i Odessa rite te takoha ki te kaiwhakatū o tenei pa. Kaitautoko o te kaupapa i hanga e R. Tarpan (pa mema kaunihera). Kua oho - "uri Potemkintsam" ki te wāhi tikanga Monument. hoki whakapakoko ko Catherine II, me ona hoa ki tona wahi tika. No te mea o te mate wawe o te pou (Empress o te matenga) i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakaputa i ano te tūemi ngaro.

He aha ka tahuri te whakatuwheratanga rahi o te pou

I roto i Oketopa o te taua tau i te aroaro ki te pou tangata ki Catherine te nui. tahi tenei hui i te taha o te whakawhitiwhiti me te kaitautoko me hoariri o te anō o te ahurea tuku iho o te whenua.

Nationalists Ukrainian tae mai mua tamata ki te whakapōrearea i te hanga o te pou i te tahu puru Empress me whawhai ki rangatira uruhi ture. Ratou, i roto i te tahuri, ki te haere ia, i roto i to ratou whakaaro, nga meka o te aamu e te Empress unjustifiably memeha sich me kua mahi tonu hei "kaitiaki o te iwi Ukrainian."

Nahea tenei pou

hanga 2 pou ki Catherine i Odessa i roto i te tapawha o te taua ingoa ko kahore tāpiritanga. Ko tetahi o nga wahi tino ataahua i roto i te pa. rohe o Catherine, tahi ki te tohu hītori o te ensemble ki te pikitanga Potemkin, ranei atu ïa tona wahi o runga (te ingoa ōpaki e pā ana ki te angitu o te kiriata Eisenstein). whakaturia ia he tohu parahi ki Duke - Duke de Richelieu (Kāwana-Tianara o Odessa i 1805-1814 gg.).

takahanga whakarara Potemkin Hipanga houtia anake i te hoahoa funicular mohiotia taketake he rua pereoo e paheke tētahi i roto i te rua ngā tohutohu - ki runga, ki raro. whakakapia, ratou te whakapumautia i roto i te escalators wā Soviet e te hunga mangere tika ki te kino i te tino oho. I reira, te ihirangi o te waka te taura kawea whakaurunga tari o te tavana, a eke reira noa.

te faaho'ihia mai te faufaa o te tohu hītori

Potemkin Arawhata i te rōnaki e pā ana ki te whare o te Teihana Maritime, me te whai wāhi ki te quays picturesque, i anō-whenua akeake LINERS pāhihi i huri noa i te ao. hanga he ensemble hītori hoahoanga kotahi katoa o te runga ake. Hei te waihanga i te pou ki Catherine i Odessa me ona hoa - te tikanga reira ki te kawe i nga takahanga tuatahi ki te faaho'iraa mai o te kaihoahoa tino nui o Odessa pokapū hītori o te pa i he mua rawa ātaahua.

Haurongo o Catherine te nui

I mua, ko ia he rangatira o te rangatiratanga Tiamana o Anhalt-Zerbst. ko tona ingoa Sophia Augusta Frederica. i kawea ia i roto i 1744 i roto i Russia, ka marena. Tona wahine ko te kainga ki te torona Russian, Grand Duke Pita Fedorovich. I aru tenei i te haamauraa, i roto i nei iriiria Sophia Augusta Frederica i ki te ingoa Karaitiana o Catherine A .. rawa hohoro ia riro te aroha o rua marae, me te katoa o te kaitiaki.

I tua atu, e Catherine A. Guard me teina Gregory ko Alekseya Orlovyh, e arahina te wahi, hurihia te torona o te emepera Pita III o tona tane. A i roto i te 1762 i karaunatia ai i raro i te ingoa o te nui Catherine II.

Ko te maitai o te Empress

Ka taea te whakarōpū ratou i roto i te rārangi e whai ake nei, ara:

1. Kua tukuna te reira i te kaihe o monū rangatira.
2. I roto i tona kingitanga rite whawhai kaiahuwhenua, kua meinga nei e te rangatira o Emelyan Pugachev.
3. I roto i te wā o te kingitanga o Catherine te nui i roto i Russia i piri: te Crimea, te Caucasus Northern, Northern Moana Black Tai, Belarusian, Lithuanian me whenua Ukrainian Te Hau-ā-uru.
4. E ai ki te ture o Empress, i memeha ai hetman Ukraine.
5. i whakaputaina toremi Zaporizhzhya sich.
6. I hanga Black Moana mua. I roto i te āhuatanga ture o ona kau taki i aifaito ki te rangatira.
7. whakapumautia Catherine II he kāreti hauora me te hanga neke atu i te hōhipera tatini.
8. Na roto i te wa o tona kingitanga ngā te whakataki o te werohanga ki koroputaputa.
9. I hanga he whatunga katoa o tihokahoka mo pani.
10. I roto i tona kingitanga whakaturia Russian Academy tuatahi o Sciences te whenua o.

Kei te mohiotia te reira e te tau whakamutunga o te ora o te Empress Catherine II pau i runga i te tango tiaki o te pa i hanga ingoa Odessa reira. rapua te reira ki ko te nuinga ao tona taupori. Tonu aroturuki i te hanga o Odessa me ki te whakarato i taea katoa me te tautoko rawa, me te morare.

Ko te kupu, kahore he tetahi kahore he feaa o te tika o te whakatau ki te whakatū anō i te uara o mua rite te tohu ki a Catherine 2. I roto i te Odessa, ka hanga ai i runga i te tika.

Me pēhea te ki te tonu te mahara o te Empress Podolsk

whakaturia tona pou i roto i Mahuru 2008 i roto i te tapawha Pāoa. Ko tōna āhuatanga motuhake mahi ka rite māngai e te Empress - i mahi, i roto i te rerekē ki te mea kua whakaaturia i roto i te pou ki Catherine Odessa - whakapehapeha titiro i te raro o te iwi e haere.

Kaitito riro ka hainatia e ia te tuhinga nui - te tikanga o Oketopa 5, 1781, i i whakahau te Empress te taketake o te pa o Podolsk. tu ana tēnei pou i te hua o ngā mahi tahi Aleksandra Rozhnikova me Nicholas Pestova. Hei kia pau, ko te whakaaro rawa o te uara hītori no Pestova, a sinó reira Rožnik. Tata rua toni e ata tohu parahi ki Catherine. Podolsk, ahakoa kahore he pa i hanga e te reira, engari tona takoha ki te Empress kawea nui whanaketanga.

St. Petersburg: he tohu ki a Catherine

Ka kitea tēnei kainga tupu hītori kei roto i te pane a Raki. I roto i te St. Petersburg, i runga i te rongonui Ostrovsky Square i roto i te tau 1873 i whakatūria te tohu ki a Catherine II. Ko te whakaaro ki te waihanga i tētahi tohu ki a Catherine i St Petersburg ka haere mai te rau tau i muri i te taeraa mai o te Empress ki te torona.

Ko nga kaituhi o tenei whakapakoko i hanga e rongonui toi Russian me kaiwhakairo: Mikhail Mikeshin, Matvey Chizhov, Alexander Opekushin, me te kaihoahoa - Dzhozef Grim me Victor Shterer. rawa kawea Stone mo te hanga o te ofa'i turanga i i te takutai o te Karelian Tāmaki. Hoki tenei i tika ki te hinga i te ara i runga i te wai matau ki runga ki te Petersburg Neva awa St.. Hei whakaora i te kohatu ki te wahi e tika ana, ko reira tika ki te takoto halanga lēlué.

aroaro Sculpture teitei Empress o 4.35 m. Ko te tohu ki a Catherine II tona whakapakoko tiketike. I roto i tona ringa matau mau ia he hepeta, me te maui - te pare Loumaile. I ona waewae, taipe Kei Karauna o te Russian Empire, a ki runga ki tona uma - te Order o Andreya Pervozvannogo.

Ko te hoa o te Empress

Ko o ratou tau i raro i te turanga a tawhio, i roto i ngā:

• pehe me hau Gavrila Derzhavin;
• hōia Russian Tatau Alexei Orlov-Chesmensky;
• hau Tatau Pyotr Rumyantsev;
• te rangatira Russian nui me to tatou hero motu Alexander Suvorov;
• Statesman me te tino o te Empress Grigory Potemkin ;
• kaihōpara Russian ko Admiral Vasily Chichyagov;
• Princess Ekaterina Dashkova;
• Peresideni o te Imperial Academy o Toi Ivan Betskoi;
• takawaenga Alexander Bezborodko.

whakaritea e te reira ki te waihanga i te pou ki Catherine i Simferopol

I whakatapua ia i roto i-nuku 1890 māngai tenei tohu e te whakapakoko o te Empress i runga i te turanga. Tata te whakapakoko o Catherine II o ona hoa: G. Potemkin-Tauride, V. Dolgorukov-Krymsky, Alexander Suvorov me I. Bulgakov. whakanohoia e ratou te rota o te kaha ki riro Crimea wahi o te Russian Empire, a ki runga ki te kūrae puta i roto i Simferopol.

Tenei raumati, ua faaite te tavana o te kua kiia pa te whakatau ki te whakahokia mai tenei uara hītori. Āwhina i roto i te tukanga o hanga ano te pou toi whakaarohia Zurab Tsereteli.

Ko te pou hou whakahokia ki te Empress i Krasnodar

I hanga te reira i te tuatahi i roto i 1907, a i roto i te 1920 - huna e nga mua. Monument ki Catherine Krasnodar whakahokia a tika huraina i te tau 2006

I hangaia te reira i roto i te honore o te 200raa o te Kuban Cossack Army (1895), he toi rongonui, me te toi Mihailom Mikeshinym. Ko te whakatuwheratanga rahi o te tupu hītori ka mau wahi i roto i te marama o Mei 1907

Ka rite ki te pou ki Catherine i Odessa, māngai tenei tohu e te whakapakoko o te Empress i runga i te turanga. kakahu ia i roto i te kingi papura, me te pupuri i te hepeta me ORB. Ko te paruru o te turanga aroaro te Tūtohinga ki te maui o 1792 Catherine II i te papamuri o nga mea katoa o kara whawhai me tohu hōia whakaaturia Duke me ona tino Potemkin-Tauride, me te tika - te rangatira tuatahi Cossack Anton Holovaty, Zahariy Chepega Sidor ko White. māngai te hoki o te tohu e matapo Kobzar ki te aratohu, me te rārangi o whakaora i i riro e Russia ki te whai wāhitanga o te Cossacks Kuban.

Ko te tohu hou hanga - te mahi o te toi Alexander Kuban Apollo. I roto i te tukanga ahumahi o te pou arahina ia taketake whakaahua parahi, me te tauira, pikitia, me ngā tuhinga pūranga. hanga tenei pou i roto i te awheawhe o castings toi Rostov University.