Rasul Gamzatov: biography, auaha, te utuafare, whakaahua, me ngā kōrero

Mohiotia Avar pehe o te Soviet wā, whanau Rasul Gamzatov i roto i 1923, Mahuru 8, i roto i Tsada (tenei kainga i roto i te rohe Khunzakh Dagestan ASSR). Tona papa, Gamzat Tsadasa ko te rohipehe motu o tona käwanatanga hou Māori, Laureate o te State paraihe o te Soviet Union, me tona whaea - Handulay Gaydarbekgadzhievna Gamzatov (1888-1965) - ko te wahine Āhia ohie, tauhi'api.

ra kura

Ka rite ki tamariki Soviet katoa, pakeke 7 tau, arā i roto i 1930, ka haere Rasul Gamzatov ki ako i roto i te kura tuarua i uaua rawa, tupato, me te ākonga mahira Araninska. koa rawa ia te whakarongo ki nga kōrero o tona papa e pā ana ki te hero rongonui Shamil, e, i muri i te fariiraa i waru i patua i roto i te ngakau, tonu ki te whawhai. I taea e ia ki tapahia tetahi patu o tona hoari te kaieke ki te hoiho i te upoko ki te koromatua. Haunga, Rasul whakarongo e inaha ki te kōrero o te toa Naib Hadji Murad. I muri mai whakamaoritanga ia he ruri Lva Tolstogo e pā ana ki tenei aito i roto i tona reo Māori. Ētahi atu pūāhua tino o te rohi pehe i Hochbar rongonui, me te chohsky ataahua Kamal Bashir. tenei katoa no te mea te iwi Rasula Gamzatova - Avar, a ko ia anaanatae i roto i nga kōrero katoa e kua korerotia e pā ana ki te mua hautoa o tona iwi. Ia ano hoki i aroha ki te whakarongo ki nga kupu o te waiata o te kaiwaiata rongonui Mahmoud aroha. Mō te hītori o tona iwi i mohio ia i enei kōrero. Na pai iti Rasul ki te whakarongo ki rotarota i tuhituhia e tona papa. I maoro, ua haapii mai ia ratou i te ngakau.

Rasul Gamzatov. He whakamārama: takahanga tuatahi rite pehe

A, ia ia tika 9 tau, i tuhituhi e ia ona rotarota tuatahi. Mai taua ra i runga i te raina i tona pene rere rite i te cornucopia. Ko ratou o tona kura ake o hoa hoa, nga kaiako, me pera i runga i. D. I te tau o 13 (ka tika oho Rasul Gamzatov ki te whitu kōeke) i roto i tetahi o nga niupepa Avar, ara i roto i te "Bolshevik maunga", whakaputaina tetahi o ona rotarota. kaituhi Famous Rajab Dinmagomaev, i tuhituhi motu Gamzatov he e whakahuatia e whakahonoretia ana hoki tenei hua. Muri Rasul a ka whakaputaina i roto i ngā tānga rohe Khunzakh i Buynakskovskoy nūpepa rohe, me te i roto i te niupepa wiki motu "Bolshevik maunga." Ka rite kihai i ake kārangaranga o te tangata taitamariki, ka hainatia e ia te auaha te ingoa o tona papa - Tsadasa. Ko kotahi ra whakakitea he maunga hina ia toku ohorere i te huringa i roto i te kāhua o tona papa. A i roto i te tikanga e kore e ki te e raruraru ki Tsadasa, ka mau ia hei ingoa ingoakē o tona tupuna. Na ko ia i te kuao punake Avar nei whanau te ingoa o Rasul Gamzatov.

tamarikitanga

I puta ia piha kura nui 8 heke mai pehe rongonui rēhitatia pepa i roto i te Avar Kaiako Training College i roto i te pa o Buynaksk. I muri i te 2 nga tau, ko ia te kaiako hoki ki tona kura Māori. I muri i te tahi mau wa piri ia te Avar State Theatre hei kaiwhakahaere kaiāwhina, me te ka noho upoko o te tari i roto i Dagestan niupepa "Bolshevik maunga", i mahi hoki i rite te kaituhi. Na ka kawea mai e pa ia ki Dagestan irirangi, a ko ia te ētita o te tuku mo etahi wa.

Moscow

I muri i te mutunga o te Pakanga II o te Ao, i roto i nei ngaro ia tona teina, oho Rasul Gamzatov ki Moscow ki ako i te Moscow Literary Institute ki a ratou. Gorky. Kua ue'i ia ki te tango i tenei taahiraa Lak pehe Effendi Kapiev, e rongo o ana whiti i whakamaoritia ki te reo Russian, i mīharo ahau e te taranata o te Avar taitamariki. E te ara, i mua i neke ki Moscow, ko te tangata taitama he mēmipa o nga Writers 'Union. Gamzatov matauranga i roto i te Russian i neke atu i rawaka mō te whakauru ki te Literary Institute, engari te kaiwhakahaere, Fedoru Vasilevichu Gladkovu, na pai te whakamāoritanga o ana whiti, waiho ia te maha hape i hanga e te tangata taitamariki i roto i te mangai, tuhituhi reira i roto i te maha o ngā ākonga uru. Mahalo kua ia he tohu ki e anga te reira i te rohi pehe rongonui i mua nei, i roto i tona whenua te kāinga kore anake. Ko e mo'oni, tau i muri mai kua katoa i runga i te Soviet Union mohio matou nei Rasul Gamzatov. Tona haurongo ko tenei wā tohua te timatanga o tona ara mahi rite te ahua tuhituhinga o te Soviet Union.

A tuatapapa i roto i te Institute. Gorky

Here i te evanelia, kitea taitamariki Avar maha nga mea hou. i whakakitea Poetry ki a ia i roto i te marama hou. Ētahi atu a ake maheni ki te mahi o ngā kaituhi Russian, me te ke, hinga ia wa ia i roto i te aroha i roto i te kotahi, ka i roto i tetahi atu. I roto i ana makau te Poraka, Yesenin, Bagritsky, Mayakovsky, a, o te akoranga, Pushkin, Nekrasov, Lermontov, a ke ki a ia i tata rawa ki mahi o Heine. I roto i te 1950, puta punake Rasul Gamzatov. I muri mai, ka mea ia e hanga tuhinga Russian kua he mana'o e ngaropoina ana i runga i a ia, me tona mahi.

ngā mahi pāpori me tohu kāwanatanga

I muri puta Rasul Gamzatov i te tuhituhi Moscow, a hoki ana ki tona Dagestan Māori, i pōtitia ia hei tiamana mō o te Union o Writers o te käwanatanga motuhake. He pou pupuri ia te hunga i rite 53 tau tau, tae noa ki tona mate i te 2003. I tua atu, ka pōtitia ia tuarua tuatahi, me te ka tiamana tuarua o te Hupirimi Soviet o te Dagestan motuhake Soviet Republic, pai, i muri i te tauine tuarua-Union. Ko ano e ia he mema o te papa ētita o taua tohi whaimana rite "Te Ao New" me "Friendship o Iwi" (makasini), "Russian Literature" me "Literary Gazette" me etahi atu.

ko te tino taonga Rasul Gamzatov ora: ka whakatutehu ia tonu i Dagestan ki Moscow, he rota o te haere, te whakatau pā tona taranata o, engari tino nui - ua tonu ia te aro me te tiaki o te kāwanatanga. Ka taea te huaina te reira i te aroha nei o te waimarie. I roto i aua tau kua foaki te kāwanatanga te iwi pūmanawa o te toi, me te e whakawhiwhia ngā mōhio ki metara me whakahau. Gamzatov ko he kaiaka o nga Ota o Lenin (wha ngā wā), "Oketopa Revolution", "Friendship o Iwi", me etahi atu. I mua i tona mate i roto i te tau 2003 ko ia te peresideni kua riro Vladimir Putin te Order o Andreya Pervozvannogo.

Rasul Gamzatov - pehe

I tonu te ākonga i te'inisititiutí whakaputaina te kohinga tuatahi o ngā rotarota o te rohi pehe Avar rongonui i roto i Russian. I muri i taua i whakawhitia e ia ki te reo o te tahi atu iwi o te USSR. Ko te mahi pai o te rohi pehe, ko: "to matou Mountain", "taku Whenua", "Tau o toku whanau," "te Tale o te tuakana," "Homeland Highlander", "I roto i nga maunga o toku ngakau", "Dagestan Spring", "3arema" (1963 ) "me te whetu ki te whetu ta," "te haora tuatoru", "Cranes", "Island o Women", "e toku Dagestan", "te whakarite moku i te Code o te aroha", "Highlander Constitution" me etahi atu. Tata ki te katoa o nga kohikohinga kororia ki te State paraihe. Hei tauira, mo te "Tau o toku whanau," te punake Rasul Gamzatov whakawhiwhia i te State paraihe o te USSR, a mo te "Star Runga" - te Lenin paraihe.

Fekauaki!

Kei te mea te reira e te maunga hanga iwi motuhake. Pea ko reira te pātata ki te Atua? Wehea i te ao, e noho tawhiti atu i te ao, te ora enei whakaaro nui i roto i te maunga. Mai i nga mahi o Rasul Gamzatov i ona whakaaro breathtaking noa! Kei roto ratou i te tau maere o kupu whakaaro nui. Here, whakawa: "kororia, e kore, e kore e pa ki ora, ... ara whakamate te kaha me te wa pai koe." E mea maere te nui hohonu i roto i tenei rārangi kotahi! Ko ko reira te oaoa: "E kore te mea te tahi mea i te mea oaoa whaiaro-mai, no te kore e rapu i te reira no te oaoa - matoli te pa i roto i te whawhai hanga i te pungarehu ranei."

Rasul waiata Gamzatov

i tuhituhia maha irava Avar rohi pehe te himene. Ko te waiata whakamana e taua kaiwaiata rongonui rite te rongonui Anna Tiamana, ao rongonui Galina Vishnevskaya, Iosif Kobzon, Muslim Magomayev, Valery Leontiev, Sophia Rotaru, Vakhtang Kikabidze me ētahi atu.

Family Rasul Gamzatov

kaituhi nui Avar koropiko toku ora katoa ana matua. O te akoranga, e toku papa e kia te mana teitei hoki a ia, heoi i ia he aroha motuhake ki tona whaea. e kore te mea pera ngāwari Gen. wahine maunga, na tona huru ki a ia i ngawari. Tenei ko te faahitiraa i tetahi o ana mahi: "atu tenei ahau:. Tiaki whaea tamariki o te ao, te tango i tiaki o te whaea". Ko te rite whakaute ki tana wahine ia. i te rohi pehe, he whānau, kaua rahi. A, i te mea he tikanga i roto i nga hapu Āhia, i karapotia ia e whakarongo, te tura, me te tiaki o tona whare. whanau Wife Rasul Gamzatov Patimat ia e toru nga tamahine. Kainga kore ia i. Na ka hoatu e te tamahine ia maha mokopuna me kahore tetahi mokopuna. Mahalo ko e tika ana ki te meka i tonu karapotia ia e nga wahine tenei, ko na e manukanuka tona huru ki te takoto ngoikore. Ia maiohatia rawa nui ratou ataahua, te here. Tenei ko nga rārangi kua oti rawa e ia ki te mau metua vahine: "Tau, koe kahore mana ki runga i te wahine - ka, o te akoranga, te reira kahore ngaro ki whaea katoa o ngā tamariki e pai, na kahore he wahine kino.!"

pūmahara

mate nui pehe Avar i roto i 2003 i tau 80. Ahakoa i roto i tona oranga, kua tahuti ore e ia ia e ana mahi whakamiharo. kāwanatanga Russian me Dagestani kua toutou hanga whakatau i runga i te whakatū o whakamaharatanga ki Avars nui i runga i te rohe o Dagestan (te wahi tāuta i roto i te maha nui o urupa Gamzatov Rasul), me puta noa i Russia. I te 2013, i roto i te aroaro o te peresideni Vladimir Putin me Mayor o Moscow i te pane i tuatahi he whakamahara ki te rohipehe nui.