Retardation Mental - he ... nekehanga me ngā puka o te retardation hinengaro. Tamariki ki te retardation hinengaro

He aha i koe whakaaro ina rongo koe i te kīanga pēnei i "te retardation hinengaro"? Tenei, mo te tino, e kore e haere tahi te rōpū tino ahuareka. Kei te nuinga hāngai Knowledge o maha iwi o tenei āhua i runga i ngā whakaaturanga pouaka whakaata, me te teata, e mo te whakaaro ki o te whakangahau e maha fakakehei te mau meka. Light retardation hinengaro, hei tauira e kore ko, te ahua o pathologies i roto i nei kia te tangata kia tawhiti i te hapori. Nā tēnei, te whakatau matou maha pera iwi, engari ki te wehewehe i te tangata noa i roto i te ara i waenganui i te tangata hauora, me te hinengaro pūkeke ana ko te tino uaua.

whakataki

Ka rite ki te mea kaiwhakaako, retardation hinengaro - he mate, te āhuatanga matua o nei te rānei hokona (tamaiti ake ki te 3 tau) ranei hekenga congenital o maramarama. I roto i tenei take, i reira he o ngā kahore kaha ki te whakaaro matūkore. Otiia e kore e te te mamae te ao aronganui i roto i tenei mate: kia ite tūroro te ngäkau kino me te aroha, he hari, me te pouri, pouri me te hari. Heoi, tangata ki te retardation hinengaro mamae mana'o kore rite matamaha, me te matatini, me kare, kia rite ki te iwi hauora. kia hoki mōhio tatou i te meka e kore e taea e ki te ahu whakamua i tēnei mate. retardation Mental - he taumata pūmau o te maramarama i raro i-whakawhanakehia. Ahakoa kua take kitea ara tona hua i runga i te wā e tika ana ki te pānga o te mātauranga, hapori, mātauranga.

Take o te retardation hinengaro

tautuhia maramarama Tangata te rite e āhuatanga taiao me te ira. Ko te hunga tamariki i te retardation hinengaro pāngia nei matua - ko te rōpū o te tūpono tenei. He pea atu ki te whakawhanake i disorders hinengaro ratou, ahakoa he reira tuku ira, rite taua, he tino onge. Ahakoa te putanga o iranga, me etahi ahunga whakamua i roto i tenei rohe, ai 70-80% o ngā take, me te kore e taea te whakapumautia. Nuinga o ngā wā whakakitea ratou i roto i te wā tino kino. Otiia tonu whakahere tatou he titiro ki te āhuatanga tino noa e whakapataritari tenei ahua.

take prenatal

maha puta te āhua take i homai abnormalities pūira, ira, mate neurological. pōhauhautanga me mate take congenital meinga e cytomegalovirus, kōpukupuku huaketo, HIV. mātua, faaohiparaa i te raau, waipiro, ngā pānga i runga i te kukune o tāoke arahi ki te meka i whanau tamariki e ki te retardation hinengaro. Mārakerake ki radiation, methylmercury, mata, taero chemotherapeutic hoki ētahi wā arata'i ki taua hopearaa.

take intrapartum

Pōauautanga e kua pā ana ki pangore, prematurity, me toto i roto i te pūnaha io pokapū, whanau ki Kuku, kōaro whakaaturanga, hapūtanga maha, faarahi intrapartum asphyxia te mōrea o te retardation hinengaro. Ko te mea tino nui ka whakawhirinaki ki runga ki te tiaki o te tamaiti i roto i te tuatahi torutoru marama i muri i tona whanautanga.

take postnatal

Te kore o aronganui, tinana, tautoko hinengaro, i te mea e tika ana mo te whanaketanga, tupu, urutaunga pāpori, rawakore kai tōtika i roto i te tau tuatahi o te ora - te take tino noa o te retardation hinengaro te ao. Ka taea e te mate kia tika ki kitakita, encephalitis viral, meningitis, pohokore, poisoning, matenga whara, me te pera atu.

Ko te tohu o te retardation hinengaro

Tenei mate, rite ki tetahi atu, kua he paearu rerekē e ai e tahuri iho ana ki roto ki te tohu, ngā puka, me ētahi atu meinga te whakarōpū o tenei mate e ona puka, me te akoranga tohu. Tohatoha nga nekehanga e whai ake nei o te retardation hinengaro:

• marama ina rerekē te taumata o IQ i roto i 50-69 ngā;
• toharite ina ngā nga reiti i te 20 ki te 49 ngā;
• taimaha, i roto i nei iti iho i te 20 ngā IQ.

Ka rite ki takoto tenei ahua te? Te manawanui i whakaekea ki haere te mahi whakamātautau, te hua o nei koutou e taea e whakawa ranei whānuitanga nui iti ranei o te mate. Ahakoa, kia mohio ai e te wehenga o tenei ko tino noho. kia tango Whakarōpū ki pūkete te tohu kore anake o whakaiti o kaha hinengaro, engari ko te taumata o te tiaki e hiahiatia ana e te tangata. E kore e utu, me te iti kaha mo te kōrero, whaiaro tiaki-, whaiaro e whiwhi-, te whakamahi o ngā rauemi tūmatanui, me ētahi atu

He aha te tatauranga?

Tino ngā Ko te meka e ora ake atu i te 3% o te taupori o te ao ki iti iho i te 70 te taumata IQ, engari nui retardation hinengaro kitea i roto i te% 1 anake. kōrero ana tēnei e ka riro te tātaritanga kei ki pūkete te rota o ngā āhuatanga atu. Hohonu retardation hinengaro kitea i roto i ngā tamariki, ahakoa a ratou utuafare no ki te piha haapiiraa pāpori etahi, te mātauranga o ngā mātua me whanaunga. Na konei te tetahi meka ngā. Na, piro nui, āhua retardation hinengaro, i roto i nei titau te manawanui etahi tauiui noa āwhina, maha kitea i roto i ngā tamariki i te mau utuafare ki iti mana àhua.

tohu o te mate

Ka rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, te tohu matua o te mate, ko te ki te whakaiti i te maramarama. Heoi, ki katoa o te tohu, ko te mea tika whakaaro, i runga i te tohu o te mate rānei. Kia titiro tatou ki a ratou.

1. Ngawari (debility ranei). I roto i tenei take, e kore e taea ki te wehewehe i waenganui i te tangata ki te retardation hinengaro o te whanaketanga i te hauora i te ahua o te tangata ohie i roto i te huarahi. Ka rite ki te tikanga, ki enei iwi pakeke ako hoki o ratou kaha ki te aro te nui iti. Ko te mahara o ratou he tino pai. E mea pinepine tūroro ki tenei mate i te tohu o ngā raruraru whanonga. Hei tauira, tamariki ki te retardation hinengaro whakawhirinaki i runga i te kaiako me ngā mātua, kaha frightens ratou te huri huru. Ēnei tūroro rānei tahuri i roto i runga ia ratou (konei te uaua i roto i kōrero), ranei, i runga i te anga ke, e whai ana ki te kukume whakarongo ki tona tangata ki katoa o mahi kanapa, te tikanga heahea, ara ngaahi fasí '. He ratou tino ngāwari te tahi mea ki te faauru. No te mea kei te kukume enei tūroro māngai o te ao taihara, ratou maha riro patunga o pāme. He āhuatanga āhuatanga o te retardation ngawari ko e he pai mōhio o tona raruraru tūroro, engari i roto i nga ara huna i te reira i ētahi atu.
2. Ko te tohu toharite (titotito). Ko ēnei iwi taea ki te wehe i waenganui i te whiu, me te whakamoemiti, ki te wheako hari, aroha, he ngāwari ratou pūkenga ako'ingofua o mahi-whaiaro, i ētahi wā pānui, tuhituhi, pāngarau taketake, engari ki te ora i runga i to ratou ake, e kore ratou e taea e. Muri ratou Me tiaki tonu, me te mātakitaki.
3. Taumaha (idiocy). kahore reo taua iwi, kua ratou ako he hauwarea, me te unfocused hauātanga o ratou nekehanga. E whāiti Emotions ki faaiteraa timatanga o te riri pai ranei. Tūroro ki te pōrangi i roto i te hiahia o te mātakitaki tamau, no te mea ki te kia roto i roto i te pūtahi tēnā.

He iti ake e pā ana ki te tohu

Ko te mau faaiteraa tuatahi o te mate ngā whanonga teeki, whakaroa i te whanaketanga hinengaro, pūkenga takarepa o te mahi-whaiaro. Whanaketanga o ngā tamariki ki te retardation hinengaro ētahi wā haere rite kia waiho ai ki runga ki nga tau kura. e kore e tohu e mōhiotia ana i roto i te take i reira i reira ko te mate ngawari. Ko e pāngia e rua atu nga nekehanga, te tikanga rawa wawe, rawa, ki te e ngā ratou hauā whanaketanga, abnormalities tinana. I roto i tenei take, ka waiho te mate ohie ki te tātari rite wawe rite tau kōhungahunga.

Heoi, etahi tamariki taha te ara mōhio te aroaro o te palsy, nekeneke disorders, rongo mate, korero roa me te tahi atu disorders whanaketanga. Neke atu i te wa, āhuatanga o te retardation hinengaro "tupuria" ki tohu hou. E pängia ana ki te manukanuka, korekore tamariki, rawa ki te paopao ratou ranei whakaaro rite hapa.

Ki te i roto i te kindergarten i roto i ngā tamariki ki tenei mate kite whīwhiwhi o uauatanga urutaunga i tautuku ki te tikanga o te ra, a ka titiro rahi ki a ratou nga mahi timatanga, te ākonga hauā ako kia mōhio ngā mātua he tohu tino tiketike o te tahurihuri kau me te inattention. kia waiho take atu hoki whaea āwangawanga me matua rohirohi, te whanonga kino, me whakawākanga rawa iti o ratou tamariki.

pōhauhautanga

Tenei ka haere mai matou ki tetahi atu whakarōpū. I roto i runga ki te whakarōpū te ao o mate, faaoti i te reira ki te tohatoha i te momo e whai ake nei o te retardation hinengaro:

• pōhauhautanga ngāwari. I roto i tenei ahua o te tukanga neural taketake āhuatanga tū tamaiti. e kore te abnormalities i roto i te mahi hinengaro tahi e te ine tino taratara. Whakaorangia te ao aronganui, ka taea e te tamaiti te mahi pūtake, engari anake, ki te reira katoa rawa mārama. A, no te kore he hou ki a ia te āhuatanga taiao ranei, ka hei mea katoa noa, kahore abnormalities kore koutou e kite i.
• retardation Mental ki raruraru neurodynamic. āhuatanga tēnei puka e te tapepe o te pai ai, te ao aronganui o te momo o te lethargy kārangirangi ranei. Maumaui tūturu i roto i te tamaiti, mārama whakakitea i roto i te whakaiti o te pai, i roto i ngā huringa whanonga.
• retardation Mental ki te ine o te mahi analyzer. Oligophrenics i tenei puka o te mate, ngā lesion E ruia ana o te uho te ki te ofatiraa kaha o te pūnaha roro ngā. ato'a tamariki tohua rohe hē o kupu, kite, rongo, pūnaha toitoi.
• whanonga Psihopatopodobne ki te retardation hinengaro. Tenei retardation hinengaro, te whanaketanga i roto i nei lags muri e tika ana ki te raruraru i roto i te ao aronganui-volitional. Tuatahi o te katoa, i roto i taua tūroro mōhio whakaiti o criticality i roto i te pā ana ki ano, te underdevelopment o maha wāhanga o te tuakiri, disinhibition o instincts. kua he hehema ki tapaea weriweri poauau te tamaiti.
• retardation Mental ki mārama tohua hē frontal. I roto i tenei puka o hinengaro retardation tamariki e hāngū, puhoi, rawakore. Ko to ratou reo roa-tikangakore, he imitative i natula, engari te mea tino kahore ihirangi. e kore e taea e ki feruriraa ruwha, ki te aromatawai i āta te āhuatanga tamariki.

Tuhinga i roto i te take mate

Rite ki ta matou, i roto i te nuinga o te wā, whakakitea te retardation hinengaro i te wawe tau. A, ki te meinga te mate e āhuatanga ira, pērā i syndrome o Down, e taea te pāngia rite wawe rite i roto i te hapūtanga te ine. Hoki tenei whakaaro, tenei whakahere haumanu whakawhānau kia hipoki nga kotiro katoa i nga wāhanga tuatahi o te hapūtanga, ki te aroaro o tenei māuiuitanga i te whai wāhi ki te hanga i te whakatau tika - ki te whai i te materoto pupuri i te tamaiti ranei. Ano, he mahuinga i te wā i reira te mau metua o te tamaiti i mua nei whanaunga ranei i reira he mate ranei tikanga e taea tīmata te takanga o te retardation hinengaro tenei tukanga.

Ētahi puka o te retardation hinengaro e tika ana ki te meka i te tetahi pūnaha paru i roto i te tamaiti ko te underdeveloped. Ko te mate tino noa i roto i tenei rōpū - phenylketonuria. i muri tonu i te whanautanga o ngā pēpi ki tenei tātaritanga kore e rerekē i hauora, engari i roto i te tuatahi o nga marama o te ora, hei ratou lethargic, tuhia ratou ruaki auau, kua he hikaka, sweating nui haere, a ka kua te reira i te kakara moku,. Ki te tīmata koe i te maimoatanga tonu, i te mea kei te tamaiti i raro i 2-3 marama, ka taea e koe te whakaora ite. Ko te aha e kore wareware i te whakamātautau wawe o ngā tamariki i te tākuta tamariki.

Ki te te tākuta i reira ko tetahi feaa, ka whakarite i te reira i te kōrero o te toketā neave, mimi, me te toto, kite. I roto i te ako o ngā tamariki pakeke e hiahiatia ana tohutohu hinengaro hinengaro ranei.

Ki te tīmata maimoatanga te i roto i te wā, e taea te tikanga ki te whakatutuki i te tamaiti ki te ngāwari urutau ki te ora motuhake. Otiia i roto i te take i reira nga mātua me ētahi atu whanaunga o te tamaiti whakatau taea ngāwari rave i te reira, kahore tākuta mahi whaiaro, he mooni ko nga nunu'a pouri. Hoki e kore e wareware i raro kia huna ai te guise o te retardation hinengaro, me te tahi atu ma'i - haurangi, disorders hinengaro maha, hypothyroidism.

Tamariki ki te retardation hinengaro - he aha ki te mahi i?

Ngā mātua i roto i tetahi take, e kore e mataku. Kia mahara ki taua retardation hinengaro - mate e kore e hinengaro, me te āhua i rawe ki, ka iti te whanaketanga hinengaro e no te mea o ngā take.

kia whai Mātauranga o tamariki ki te retardation hinengaro me rite ratou whanaketanga, engari anake rite nui rite e tukua e ratou ki te mahi i tenei kaha koiora. Tenei āhua e kore tino whakaora. O te akoranga, ka whakahau i te tākuta te therapy tika, engari e kore e ona pānga kia Tūrongo. Ahakoa i runga i te tohu o te retardation hinengaro he taea ki te whakatutuki i etahi hua i roto i te mātauranga me te whakangungu. kia mohio ki te reira e ngā tamariki ki te idiocy me te titotito - kua monokia te reira i te tamarikitanga, ara whiwhi ratou i te penihana. Rawa tamariki ki te retardation hinengaro e pera e hiahia ratou he kaitiaki e manaaki ana, te awhina o ngā tohunga i te whare hauora e tika ana, ka taea e te wahi ratou tautuhi ranei enei puka. Reira ki a ratou whakahaere whakaora, herehere, mahi hinengaro. e kore te mea pera uaua tamariki ki te retardation hinengaro ngawari. Ahakoa ahakoa te meka e kore e taea e ratou ako i roto i te hōtaka tikanga, a kia kia whakamaoritia ki te kura motuhake. Heoi, i roto i te mātauranga o enei tamariki, i reira e maha mau fifi, mai te whakatau tika te ako te heke mai o te mahi me te urutaunga pāpori. Ki te mea ko ratou te huarahi tika, kia rite ki ngā pakeke, noa "rewa" i roto i te ora - mahi, hoatu whanau ki te whānau, tupu ratou i roto i te hapori.

maimoatanga o te retardation hinengaro

I teie mahana i reira ko te nui nui o te moni mo te maimoatanga o tenei huru, engari to ratou ki te tiki ake i te tākuta anake ki nga āhuatanga katoa o te mate. Tei runga i te take i meinga te mate, kia waiho ai hormones taka iodine (ki te he te retardation hinengaro te hua o disorders thyroid mahi) ranei. Ki te ko PKU rawa he kai motuhake, e ka whakarite te tākuta.

Hei whakatika i te retardation hinengaro, nootropics maha tākuta whakaritea (tikanga "Piracetam," "Encephabol", "Aminalon" me ētahi atu). E whakamahia ratou ki te whakapai ake tika tukanga pūkoro i roto i te kiko roro. Hoki te taua take whakaritea waikawa amino, B huaora O te akoranga, e taea te hokona e ratou, kahore he whakahaunga, engari te whaihuanga o te whakamahi i te tākuta anake e taea te whakatau.

Ki te tūroro ki te tātaritanga fakamatala'i disorders whanonga reira, kōwhiria he tākuta te raau taero i te rōpū o tranquilizers neuroleptics ranei. Ko te kī ki te ako angitu - he huarahi whānui, e ko, kia ngā te whakamahi o ngā rongoā ki akomanga ki kaihaumanu kupu, kaimātai hinengaro, huarahi whaiaro ki te mātauranga.

I roto i te iwi te rongoā, rongonui tipu hei rongoā e whai he pānga whakahohe i runga i te pūnaha io. Ko ētahi o ēnei magnolia Chinese waina, ginseng, aroe. Heoi, kia mahara e taea te tahi mau faaitoitoraa ki tenei mate tīmata disorders whanonga, psychoses. Na reira, i mua i te tono kia kōrero ratou he tākuta.

e kore e taea te utu, me te whakanohonoho pāpori. E matua hāngai ēnei hōtaka i ki te whakarato mahi mō ngā tangata ki te retardation hinengaro ngawari. Hoki tenei i reira he kura motuhake ki te tetahi hōtaka taunga taea te wahi tūroro ako tikanga ohie.

ārai

Prevention o te retardation hinengaro - ko, ki runga ake te katoa, tupato, me te tahuri ki to ratou hauora kore anake, engari ano hoki ki te hauora o whakatupuranga heke mai.

Ka rite ki te tokorua whakatau ki te whai i te tamaiti, e rua o ratou kia tino uiui e, haere whakamātautau, haere iranga. Ka tautuhi te reira, ka hamani mate ngā ranei tikanga, te tautuhi i ngā raruraru e taea meinga retardation hinengaro i roto i te tamaiti e parauhia te.

A, no te he wahine, ko te kua hapu, kia mahara ia i te hopoi'a e kei i runga taua mea mo te kore noa tamaiti e parauhia te. Na, ko te mea e tika ana ki te piri ki te ara tika o te ora, ki te kai pai, ki te ū ki te kupu tohutohu katoa o tākuta ki te karo te rongo ki ngā āhuatanga kino, toro te whare hauora mua i te whānautanga i runga i te hōtaka.

A, no te whanau he tamaiti e, kia tino rongo koutou i roto i te pediatric katoa me te ū ki ona tikanga katoa. A ki te hae te tākuta e ko he tahi mea, a haere ana ki te whakamātautau atu kōrero ranei, e kore e tamata ki, rite mea ratou, ki te tiki atu i te raruraru. Oia mau, i roto i tenei take, ngaro ai koutou wa tino, rite i muri e anake tatarahapa.

Rawa e kore e rongoā tu tonu. Hei tauira, kua awhinatia te kano kōpukupuku ki te huaketo hoatu whanau ki te hauora tamaiti maha faaipoipo, a i roto i te meka i mua ko reira tata te take tino nui o te retardation hinengaro congenital. I teie mahana, Kei te whakawhanake aivanaa i te rite anti-CMV ki hoatu te rangimarie o te ngakau, me te hauora o ngā mātua me o ratou tamariki. Kei te iti hoki te pā e tika ana ki te whanaketanga me te tupu o fā'ele'i, tiaki obstetric, te whakamahi o te immunoglobulin, he huhu toto, me te maha atu ngā, i tae noa tata taea e anake moemoea o. Ko te mea matua - e kore e mataku, e kore e hoatu e ake, ka tamata koutou pai, te reira koutou aroha tetahi, e anake e taea te hanga e koe hari, me te ki hoki ki te ora noa rite nui rite taea tenei ra i te katoa. Whakarongo ki te tākuta, i roto i te wa, e rapu tiaki motuhake, me te whai i ngā taunakitanga katoa.