Source o mate: whakamāramatanga, momo, tāututanga

Kei te noho i to tatou reo tonu neke atu i te 600 ngā momo o microorganisms mohiotia, engari to tatou atu tūponotanga ki te tiki ake i te mate i roto i te waka tūmatanui. He aha te mea te puna o te mate TB? Nahea te huarahi o te mate?

tukumate

huaina te whakaparu tukumate te mate. puta te wā i roto i te 1546 whakawhetai ki a Girolamo Fracastoro. I mohio pūtaiao reira e pā ana ki 1400 moroiti-kaiao, he ratou katoa a tawhio noa tatou, engari e kore e whakawhanake i roto ia tatou kau katoa o mate.

Te aha? Ko te meka e kua wehea rauropi katoa ki pathogenic, kapo, me te kore-pathogenic. Ko te tuatahi maha werau, a ka rapu utu i te "ope" mo tona whanaketanga. kia ara patua ratou he tinana hauora, me te ātete.

tukumate kapo (Escherichia coli, Candida harore) e kore e meinga te tangata hauora tetahi tauhohe. Ka taea e ratou ora i roto i te taiao, kia he wahi o te microflora o te tinana. Otiia i raro i etahi tikanga, pērā i te pūnaha ārai mate ngoikore, hei ratou pathogenic, e he kino.

Ko te wā "kore-pathogenic" Ko tā kahore mōrea o ngā ki enei rauropi, ahakoa e taea e ratou tomo ki roto ki te tinana, me te take mate tangata. tāutuhia rohe i waenganui i microflora pathogenic me nonpathogenic i roto i te koioraiti tino tia.

Ko te puna o te mate

Ka taea te meinga te mate TB i kătahi ki te tinana o pathogenic harore, huaketo, hātare, huakita, prions. Ko te pūtake o tukumate ko te taiao, e whai wāhi ana ki to ratou whanaketanga. maha mahi tenei reo rite te tangata kararehe ranei.

Whiwhi i roto i ngā āhuatanga pai, mātātoa proliferate huakita, a ka waiho i te pūtake, kitea ratou i roto i te taiao o waho. He tukumate nuinga o te wā e kore e uri. Ratou tau āta heke noa te ngaro oti, me ngā āhuatanga kino whakatere anake tenei tukanga.

Faaitoito whiwhi te mahi faufaa o microorganisms te ina kitea e ratou he hou "ariki" - he tangata whakaraerae kararehe ranei e ngoikore nei pūnaha ārai mate. Ka taea te faahiti i te huringa tonu tae noa ki te pirinoa huaketo ka horahia ki kaiao hauora.

Taiao rite te tuku

He mea nui ki te mahino e te taiao - e kore ko reira te puna o te mate. Ia mahi tonu te takawaenga mo te tuku o te moroiti-kaiao. haumākū Iti Rawa, kore o ngā matūkai me te hē ngā āhuatanga pāmahana ambient he kino mo ratou whanaketanga.

Air, tūemi whare, te wai, te oneone ratou tuatahi riro huaketo, a anake ka kawea ki te werau i roto i te tinana ope. Ki te kitea huakita i roto i enei taiao roa rawa, ka mate ratou. Ahakoa etahi i te ātete motuhake, me te taea te tiaki ara i roto i ngā āhuatanga kino mō ngā tau e maha.

Kaha resistance he mua. I roto i te oneone, kei te rongoa ai mo te maha o ngā tekau tau, engari anake te haora i muri patua e kohua. Ko te tino tau'a ki ringihia āpiha hoki reira. Ko te kaihoko pūtake o korara, taea ki te ora i roto i te oneone, onepu, hua me feces El Tor, me te awa ki whakawera 17 nekehanga ki te tuku i te rakau ki te tini.

Rauemi o te mate: Momo

E wehea mate ki te maha ngā momo, rite ki te tikanga i roto i nei ratou tini me kaiao e taea te whakawhiti. I runga i enei raraunga, tohatoha anthroponoses, zooantroponozy me zoonoses.

Zooantronozy anthropozoonosis mate take ranei i ai te puna o te mate ko te tangata kararehe ranei. I roto i te tangata, mate tino maha puta i roto i te kararehe, kiore rawa i roto i. Na roto i te mate zoonotic pā ana rabies, glanders, kohi, leptospirosis, Anthrax, brucellosis, trypanosomiasis.

he mate Anthroponotic i roto i te take i reira te puna o te mate - iwi, a taea anake te whakawhiti reira ki ētahi atu. Kei roto i tēnei te hoki, te fiva rahi, me te taipō kirika, koroputa, gonorrhea, rewharewha, pakewakewa, mare, korara, karawaka me te whakamemeke.

ka karanga Zoonoses mate hopuhopu hoki i te mea he taiao pai te tinana kararehe. I raro i etahi tikanga, ka taea te tuku i te mate ki te tangata, engari i te tangata ki te tangata - e kore. Ko te okotahi ko te whiu, me te kowhai kirika taea ki te porotītiti i roto i te iwi, he.

Haurapa o mate

He tangata i pangia, kararehe ranei e taea te meinga te whānui o te mate horapa i roto i tetahi o te maha kainga, a ētahi wā whenua e rave rahi. mate mōrearea me ratou epidemiologists ako tohatoha.

Ki runga ki te rapunga o ara he take kotahi o te mate, kitea kaiwhakaako i nga kōrero katoa o te mate. Te tautuhi i te puna o te mate puta, te whakamāramatanga o tona momo me te tohatoha tikanga. Ki te mahi i tenei hītori tahumaero tino whakamahia nuitia, i te mea ki te kutikutia te manawanui e pā ana ki ngā mahi tata, hoapā ki te tangata, me te kararehe, te rā o te tīmatanga o ngā tohu.

Ko te tino whai hua Whakaoti mōhiohio e pā ana ki te whakapoke. Ki te he reira taea ki te kitea i roto i te aratau o tuku, te puna taea, me te te tauine pea (ranei reira ko te hui kotahi papatipu ranei).

e kore te mea tonu ngāwari ki te tautuhi i te puna taketake o te mate, i reira kia kia maha ngā. Ko reira uaua rawa ki te mahi ki nga mate zoonotic. I roto i tenei take, te mahi matua o te mātai tahumaero, ko te ki te tautuhi i ngā puna pea katoa me ara o te tuku.

Aratau o te tuku

He maha ngā tikanga tuku. āhuatanga Fecal-waha o mate intestinal katoa. He nui i roto i te kumete ruaki ranei i roto i te rauropi hauora hinga ratou ki te wai te ara whakapā-whare ranei papapūata kino. Tenei tupu ka horoi te puna o te mate (te tangata mate) rawakore ratou ringa i muri i te whakamahi i te wharepaku.

Romahā mahino ranei mahi i roto i mate viral e whakapoke i te wahi romahā. Whakawhiti o microorganisms puta na roto i te te tihe maremare uninfected taonga e tata ana ranei.

Pērā tā te tuku o te mate i roto i toto. Tenei e taea tupu, no te te kawe ngau, hei tauira puruhi, te hi'opo'ai te, malaria waeroa, kutu. Whakawhitia e te tukumate whakapā e kua kei i runga i te kiri kiriuhi mucous ranei. tomo ratou te tinana i roto i patunga i runga i te tinana ranei, i roto i te whakapā ki te manawanui.

Paipai mate paipai te nuinga te tikanga tika i roto i whakapā fakasekisualé. tikanga tuku poutū ko te mate o te kukune i te whaea i roto i te hapū.

Pū o te te tuku

Hoki ia momo o microorganisms āhuatanga e te tikanga e ai wheori huakita ranei whiwhi ki te rauropi ope. Tikanga, kia whai wāhi te maha o ngā huarahi pēnei, me etahi āhuatanga taiao ki te tuku i ētahi wā pirinoa.

I te wa ano te ara e tika tetahi papapūata, e kore he reira hāngai ki te whakawhitinga o etahi atu. Hei tauira, he tokomaha māngai o mate romahā he tino kaha i roto i te wai pekitīlia. Kia i roto i te wahi gastrointestinal, mate ratou, a kahore e meinga mate.

Etahi o nga tikanga o papapūata kino tomo i te tinana kia, i runga i te anga ke, whakatere te whanaketanga o te mate. Ko te kupu, tomo māngai fakatupu o pakewakewa i roto i te bloodstream i te tikanga o ngira poke rata ai pōauautanga. Puta ana te mate atu inarā.

mutunga

Mate ko te huinga o ngā tukanga koiora e puta ana i roto i te tinana, me te whakawhanake i te introduction ki reira o kaiao pathogenic. Ka taea e te mate pā e rua tangata me te kararehe. Ko te tikanga tuku matua ko te titi, sex, mahino, tiko-waha, ara poutū.

Ko te puna o te mate - he taiao pai mo te tupuranga me te horapa o te iroriki. maha riro tikanga e tika ana te tangata me te kararehe. Te taiao, kia rite ki te tikanga, mahi hei takawaenga.

Reira e kore te tikanga e riro i te tikanga mo te ora o microorganisms pathogenic, me te herenga pathogenic. Roa e noho i roto i tētahi taiao e hāngai ana ki to ratou ngaro. I roto i ētahi wā, ka taea e te microorganisms tohe tonu i roto i te oneone, te wai, onepu i te raro ake ki te maha o ngā tekau tau.