Andrey Platonovich Platonov: haurongo me mahi, whakaahua

I roto i te kaituhi i reira ko te hunga nei te mahi e kore e mohio mo ratou ora, no te mea e kore e fehoanaki reira ki nga whakaaro o tona wa. Ko e te reira tau tekau tau ranei, a ko o ratou mahi wahi tika i roto i te hītori o te tuhinga. Ēnei kaituhi ngā Platonovich Andrei Platonov haurongo i te mea he take i roto i te wāhi. Kua noho ia he ora uaua. Kua tukua ana mahi auaha pupuhi i muri i pupuhi. Na anake i roto i te 80-doma o XX rautau ki te āhukahuka ao kua tae mai te reira.

Childhood me te taiohitanga

Andrey Platonovich Platonov, tona haurongo haamata i roto i te 1899, i whanau i roto i te utuafare rawakore ki maha tamariki teihana locksmith Klimentova (Platonov ingoa tūturu) i roto i te pa o Voronezh. I pe'ape'ao i roto i ngā huarahi maha whakarau o tamaiti. takoha hiahia tamau me āwangawanga o te mau taeae e tuahine i te tamaiti i te tau o te 14 tau ki te tīmata te mahi i te teihana tereina ki tona papa. He whakawhanake ia he momo o ngaio.

riro Mātauranga Andrei Rakhmanov i te kura pāriha, me muri tīmata ahau te mahi i te teihana, ako ia, ka mahi i roto i te whakarara. Tenei fokotu'u mai e ara i roto i te āhuatanga uaua, te āwhina i te whānau, ia kore ngaro tona matewai mo te matauranga, engari ki te ako i te tikanga hou mo ia, ka ako. Huri noa i te wa ano i timata ai te mahi auaha Andrey Platonovich. Noatia, te mahi pakeke i te teihana rite te teihana iho, tino whakatakotoria i roto i te feruriraa o te tangata taitama, me te ka maha puta i roto i tona mahi.

Reipa me te tuhinga

Next, Andrey Platonovich Platonov, haurongo, me te mahi auaha, ko te i te wa wawe rawa i tu'atiraa rahi ki te ora pakeke, me te uaua, haamata ia ki te mahi fruitfully rite te kairīpoata me te kaituhi. I te wa ano ako ia i te Voronezh Kuratini University me mahi i te teihana tereina. Ko kē kitea i tenei wa undoubted taranata tuhituhi. haere te marama i roto o tona kohinga o rotarota "hohonu Blue" (1922).

tonu poto haurongo Platonova Andreya Platonovicha ki te pā tika tona ora i tenei wa ki te mahi mo te painga o te kawanatanga Voronezh. Ia e kore e tonu mutu ki te mahi i te teihana tereina, i roto i te tua, mahi whakapai ake whenua. He rite ki te wawata o te iwi taitamariki maha ona wawata. Te hinaaro nei Oia ki te huri i te ao, e whakapono ana i roto i te hangarau te ahunga whakamua. Tei roto te reira maximalism taitamariki, e te titiro i roto i, me te i roto i ana mahi tuhituhi pai.

Koinei, te mahi e kore ia i wareware e pā ana ki te tuhituhi. Ko tonu o te extremism taitamariki ano me te whakapono i roto i te hangarau te ahunga whakamua ana kōrero, engari e kore e wareware e pā ana ki taua mea, me te kainga Māori mo ratou. I tua atu, ia kaha tuhi hoki nūpepa me makasini i Voronezh, whakaputaina ana e ia i roto i te nūpepa Moscow.

Haurongo Platonova Andreya Platonovicha tonu ki tonu o te mahi tuhituhi hihiri, whakaputa ia ana kōrero e pā ana ki te kainga "i roto i te whetū koraha" (1921), me te "Chuldik ko Epishka" (1920). Ko tona mōna whakaaro kaha whakakitea i roto i te tuhituhi me te hua i roto i ngā kōrero pakimaero pūtaiao me pūrākau: "Ko nga uri o te Sun" (1922), "Markun" (1922) "Moonlight Bomb" (1926).

Moscow

Tonu ki te faaineine ia tatou i te haurongo poto Platonova Andreya Platonovicha. I roto i te 1927, oho ana ia me tona hapu ki te pa o Moscow. Ko tino mohio te whakatau, rau Platonov mahi i te teihana rerewē, me te tukua rawatia mai te mahi tuhituhi.

Hua o te mahi tuhituhi e whai hua, a ka haere te marama i roto i te aamu "kuwaha Epifanskie", e muri homai tona ingoa ki te kohinga katoa o ngā kōrero. I roto i nga mahi o taua wā te rota o te mo'oni pakeke o Russia i taua wa. unvarnished Kaituhi arotake tona idealist me maximalist whakaaro taitamariki, faaino ia.

I tua atu ki te faaino o te papanga pāpori o te wā korero Platonov koi o radicalism i te patunga witi, i roto i tenei whakaaro, haere te marama i roto i te buka iti "Antiseksus" (1928). Tenei ridicules te kaituhi nga whakaaro-pāpori o te aroha kore-tinana i roto i te manakohia o mahi pāpori whai hua. Kaituhi tino maia faaite ki te mana, me ona whakaaro.

I hanga e te wa taua he kāhua Platonov rawa ahurei, te āhuatanga matua o nei, Koinei, he mea he arero-here me hangatonu o kupu me ngā kīanga. Nā ki tenei e tahuri faahiahia, me te pono ahurei kupu kāhua ki te kaipānui tona tikanga pono. tikanga e rite ki te tuhituhi a muri ake nei, e kore tetahi i roto i te tuhinga Russian.

I tua atu ki te kāhua, Platonov huri wāhanga pū o ratou mahi. Na hoatu te maximalism mua, me te whakapono i roto i te heke mai anaanaraa ara ki te titauraa taumauri mo te tikanga o te ora mure ore. He Heroes o nga mahi a Platonov ke, mokemoke, rapu iwi, haere, eccentrics, he kaitito, kare, loner rereke.

I roto i tenei rua haurongo whakawhanake Platonova Andreya Platonovicha me te kitea i roto i te whakaputaina i te wa o tona mahi pene - i roto i te kōrero "Yamskaya Sloboda" i roto i te 1927, mo te tauira. Ko te ahua o te kupu whakaari ki tona kāhua rustic mua, engari whakahou me reworked i raro i te mana o te kaupapa hou. "Grado" i roto i te 1928 - ko te pūhohe i runga i taero Soviet. "Te tangata Secret" i roto i 1928 e pā ana ki te kopikopikotanga o te tangata e whakaaro e pā ana ki te ki te whakamārama o te pakanga kaiākiri riri. I roto i enei mahi whakaraupapa Platonov tona hātepe titauraa o te oraraa rawa mārama kite ora o te tangata, tona fragility me te fafale o ngaro.

Criticism me te mate

No miharo e i te wa e kore tenei tuhi i mohio e te mana. Tino hohoro, Andrey Platonovich Platonov, nei haurongo, me te kore i pera i tino ngāwari, ko roto o te mahi i roto i te tuhituhi. ka anga te reira i katoa ki te meka e te kaupapa here i roto i te pā ana ki te tuhinga tino tightened, i orua ki te whakaputanga o te tuhinga roa "Che-Che-e" me te kōrero "Usomnivshiysya Makar" i roto i te 1929, i muri nei i te whakapanga o anarchism individualist Plato. e kore tā te reira. Hurihia te āhuatanga i taea e kore noa Maxim Gorky, ki i karanga Platon mō te tauturu.

kaituhi fakahoha'asi me nga mate kāinga. Kua roa tona hapu i tangohia o ratou ake kāinga, me te akina atu tenei he wa roa ki te kopikopiko noa i roto i te fare tarahu. Ko anake i roto i te tau 1931, i kitea he kāinga tūturu - te outbuilding i te fare i runga i Tverskoy Boulevard. I teie mahana te mea he tuhituhi Institute ingoa i muri i Herzen. wā Hard me te makanga o nga mana, o te akoranga, i te pānga tōraro i runga i te āhuatanga o te whānau.

kaimahi tuutuu ore

Ahakoa unuhia te matatini katoa pakeke, tonu Platonov ki te mahi i runga i te pūrākau "Chevengur", engari tino pūrākau i roto i te marama rahua ki te tuku i te wa. Tenei tupu anake i roto i te 1971, i roto i Paris, i muri i te matenga o te kaituhi.

Ko te ihirangi o te pūrākau whakaahua ana te korerorero utopian Chevengur me te ora i roto i ona pūāhua, e haere mai ana ki te whai i kopikopikotanga roa me mate. Life i roto i te hapori tino tino, he hari katoa me he rite. Just whakangaromia te tirohanga whakaponohia te ki te taenga mai o te ope, me te hoia e whakangaromia nga tangata katoa, me te municipality rite te pai. Romance me katoa e te tupu nei te reira - he reira he whakaata o mooni, i te mea Plato. O te akoranga, e kore te mea pera rosy rite e hiahia ana tatou i te parau mau, engari te ōrite i waenganui i te rawa sino. I tua atu, e kore e te pūrākau Platonov ngaro tona tuakiri rangatōpū me te reo. Te tahi feia faahapa mea e kore te mea angitu tenei tikanga o te whakaaturanga, ka ārai te hua kite te rārangi kōrero.

thirties

Andrey Platonovich Platonov, tona haurongo E āta hono ana ki te huringa tōrangapū i roto i te whenua, te nuinga mārama faaite tona taranata tuhituhi i roto i nga thirties o te rau tau rua tekau. I roto i te 1930, tukua Platonov tona faahiahia nui - te kōrero "rua", e ka e whakaputaina mo te wa tuatahi anake i roto i te tau 1987. Tenei dystopia-pāpori, parau te aamu o te ahumahi i taka, te tiango fakamamahi o Communism, me ona whakaaro. I roto i te kōrero, hei utu o te whare i hanga i te urupa ngā. tuhituhi Brodsky e tuku Platon ia reo era.

piere

Na, ko te āhuatanga pāpori i roto i te whenua e tightening, e kore nei te reira i tohungia ko Platonov. I taua wa whakaputaina e ia tona kōrero "i roto i te taonga", e whakaahua ana i te collectivization rahua, me te te kōrero o "hau paru" ki ngā kaupapa anti-Fascist. Kia aroha mai, te riro tuatahi aromatawai pakeke o Stalin, i taka ano te tuarua ki te hanga i tona pānga. Andrey Platonovich Platonov, nei haurongo, me pera te kaituhi, ko te take hari e kore e hari, i raro ano ki fakatangá. I mutu ano ia patopato.

I roto i te waenganui-thirties o te rau tau rua tekau, ko Andrey Platonovich Platonov, he haurongo poto tonu o fifi i tenei wāhi i roto i te wa, tuhi te nuinga i roto i te tepu, no te mea e kore te mea whakaputaina.

Mea katoa i runga i te tepu

Ahakoa tenei, mahi ia te rota me ko te tino hua. pūrākau hanga "hari Moscow" wahi "o te reo o tona papa." Ia i tuhituhi ano maha tuhinga i runga i ngā kaituhi tuhituhi pērā i Pushkin, Paustovsky, Akhmatova, Greene, Hemingway me etahi atu. Next, te hanga i tētahi kōrero "Moana Juvenile", he tata ki te "poka turanga" me "Chevengur" te kaupapa i konei, ka i reira he tetahi tākaro - "Jukebox".

I roto i ana mahi e neke atu i ngā take pāpori, me te puta Platonov ki ngā wheako fakalaumālie me tulama. tuhituhi e ia he raupapa katoa o ngā kōrero poto lyrical, tae atu "te awa Potudan" "Aphrodite" me "Clay House i roto i te kari porowini" me "Frau". Tenei whakapakari te kaituhi te whakatauira hinengaro o pūāhua, ki te pānui hohonu o te whakakapi i te huru korokē o te kaituhi aroha.

E mea mahino e kore ko te kaituhi i te ingoa ngāwari Andrey Platonovich Platonov haurongo. No te tamariki, i tuhituhi ia ano, a rawa pai, he tauira nui o tenei - te kōrero o "uri" o aroha me te orphanhood.

I roto i te tau 1933-35 haere ki Turkmenistan Andrey Platonovich Platonov. haurongo Poto o te kaituhi ngā pā ana ki tenei. I raro i nga ongo o te haerenga, tuhituhi e ia te kōrero "Jan" i roto i te tikanga moku, ki te ati pāpori ki ngā kōrero lyrical hou. hohoko oraora o te kīanga, a tae noa zvukopis i roto i tenei mahi kia reira he Koinei taonga, me te naki.

Whakatangihia i te pupuhi

I roto i te 1937, te whakamahere ia he kite hemo o te mahi o te kaituhituhi i te ingoa o Andrey Platonovich Platonov. Biography, he whakarāpopototanga o nei whakatakotoria atu i roto i te tuhinga, tohua hui pārekareka hoki ia. Kaituhi kaikauwhau i te kohinga o ana kōrero poto "Te awa Potudan". Otiia kahore e tutaki tūmanako o te kaituhi. Kua kohinga kua whakahē. I tua atu, i roto i 1938, ki te tama anake i fabricated Platonov take, a ka mauheretia te taata.

whawhai

I roto i te whawhai, Andrey Platonovich Platonov, biography, ngā meka i te ora i te hiahia i roto i tona pā tonu, riro he kaituhi o te niupepa "Whero Star". Ko konei, kua meinga e tona kōrero "Family Ivanov" amuamu kaha, me te kua mohio e kohukohu i te whānau Soviet.

Ko te tau whakamutunga o tona ora

I muri i te whawhai, Andrey Platonovich Platonov, haurongo, whakaahua, me te tahi atu meka o te ora i haere ki nga uri, a kihai i ahei te whiwhi tōtika i roto i te tuhinga. I roto i te whakamātau ki te ite i te mau o te ora, ka tuhituhi ia rerekētanga i runga i tales iwi Russian. I tua atu, i hanga e ia te tākaro "o Noa aaka". Heoi, e kore e hoatu e te wa ia te whai wāhi ki te riro rongonui i roto i tona ora. I roto i te 1951, mate Platonov i mate kohi, huaketo e tana tama, i tukua nei i te puni.

āhukahuka

kihai i Platonov mohio e hono to'utangatá. Heoi, i roto i te 1980 meinga tona taketake ngingila ia moni te ao. Ko tōna mīharo te reo me te kāhua o te whakaaturanga, me te he uaua haere te ora kitea pae hopea ana faahinaaro, a i mauruuru. Ahakoa kahore ano whakaputaina i runga i taua mea, he tokomaha o nga mahi o Platonov tenei ra.