Artist Mashkov Ilya Ivanovich: biography, auaha

Ko te kānapanapa, taketake artist o te rau tau 20 Mashkov Ilya Ivanovich kua ora te ora ngā, me te ohipa. haere ana ia i roto i te mana o toi rerekē, fekumi orurehau, me te te kimi i tona wahi i roto i te toi. Tona taonga tuku tenei ra he maha ngā rau mahi, e te hunga i roto i ngā kohinga maha huri noa i te ao.

Childhood me te Whānau

whanau Mashkov Ilya Ivanovich i roto i te kainga o Mikhailovskoye rohe o te Don Cossacks (i teie mahana Volgograd rohe) ki te whānau kaiahuwhenua rawakore. ko Ilya te mātāmua o iwa tamariki, me te moni i te mau metua, whai wāhi i roto i te hokohoko iti, ko kore i runga i te mātauranga o te tamariki. Boy, ko wai whakakitea ia i te wawe tau te pamu nui me te kaha ki te utu, ka tonoa ki te kura pāriha, engari i roto i 11 tau, ka mau ia ia ki waho, ka tono tangata ki te mahi pera i taea e ia te āwhina te tautoko i te whānau. I ia he kaihokohoko hua toa 14 haora e tu ana o ratou waewae ki runga ki, te taviniraa kiritaki, i kino ia te mahi, engari i reira ko kahore kōwhiringa.

Karangatia me te Whakangungu

Mashkov Ilya muri haere ki te mahi i roto i te toa o te kaihokohoko, kihai i ohie te mahi, engari i ētahi wā reira tukua ki te peita kara me tohu. hoatu tenei mahi ia nui pai. I roto i tona wa e manawapa tuhi ia pikitia i makasini, hanga huahua o nga taiao, te manu. pai te tamaiti ki te utu. Ahakoa tona āhuatanga pūtea tino tohe, ka mea ia i roto i te pouaka mēra o peita. Kotahi ra purepure te kaiako Borisoglebskaya hākinakina tuhi i te tamaiti, a ka ui ki a ia ki te hiahia ia ki te ako. nui rawa te miharo Ilya no te mea kihai i ara mohio ia e taea e koe te ako ki te utu. Na ka anga ia ki te tiki i te pūkenga tuatahi, me te tohutohu i te kaiako o te kura. Tenei tukua ia ki te matau tona karangatanga, a whakaturia he whāinga - ki te riro i te toi.

I te 1900 ka tomo ia ki te kura Moscow o Painting. Here ako ia i ngā kaiako tino: Konstantin Korovin, Pasternak, Valentin Serov, Vasnetsov. Mai i te tau tuatahi o kura whakaaturia Mashkov he taranata tino me te huru rereke. Ko ia te tino aroha o te hyperbole, he taikaha o te tae, me hoatu he rota o te wā te whanaketanga o ngā tikanga tuhi, ko te tino mahi. Ka rite ki ngā ākonga iti-moni i roto i te kura, i whakaekea ia wa wahi, a mai 1904 tīmata homai Mashkov haapiiraa, imiraa i te ora.

tamarikitanga orurehau

Mashkov Ilya tika hohoro whiwhi i runga i ona waewae. I roto i te 1906, hanga ia ia he studio i roto i te whare o te Kuratini Society. E riro te reira i tona whare tae noa ki te mutunga o nga ra auaha. I roto i te 1907, ka tutaki ia ki a Petrom Konchalovskim, i te hui, he mana nui i runga i te toi. I roto i te 1908, haere te toi ki Europe, te toro France, Ingarangi, Austria, Germany, Italy, Spain, te wahi tutaki ia ki nga ngā hou i roto i te peita.

I roto i te 1910, peia Mashkov i te kura, engari i ia kua kitea tona ara. Ko tonu te artist he rota o te mahi, tango mau haapiiraa i te studio o Konstantin Korovin, tuhituhi whakaahua ritenga, me te tonu ana kowaiwai. hoatu e ia ki runga, tae atu i te Salon i Paris, i reira te hoko i tona mahi Russian philanthropist Morozov. Ahakoa Na, te peita Mashkov wehewehe tirohanga rerekē o te ao, me nga taonga a tawhio noa. Kei te î ia ki ngā ariā hou i roto i Europe me vēkeveke ki te huri i te toi Russian.

"Jack o Taimana"

I roto i te 1911, Mashkov Ilya Petrom Konchalovskim ki turanga hapori toi "Jack o Taimana." Tuatahi, i roto i te 1910 i reira ko te whakaaturanga ki te taua ingoa, aru e te toi rite-whakaaro hanga hapori o te taua ingoa. Ko te ingoa rawa ki paorooro te whakarongo, ka pängia e te herehere tōrangapū. te whāinga Moscow ki te hoatu toi mahi revolution i roto i toi, a riro ana ratou tino. whakahē ratou nga whakarerenga iho o talena mātauranga me, karangatia te ngoi o Impressionism, Fauvist ko Cubist whakaaro.

Mashkov ko tetahi o nga ideologists o te hapori. Ko te whakawhetai ki a ia, "kōwiri" na maha peita tonu ana kowaiwai, tohu haamana'oraa o te faretoa. Kāre Artists ki te puka me te tae. Rerekē tokomaha o te Five and Seven, kī Mashkov me hoa objectivity i roto i te toi. I te 1911-14 tau te kaitoi ko te kaituhituhi o te hapori, whai wāhi i roto i te katoa o ona whakaaturanga. I te 1914 i mahue ia i te "Jack o Taimana" ka tonoa ki waho.

Mashkov me "Ao Art o"

Ki runga ki hoki mai Mashkov tomo te "Ao Art o" - he rōpū kua vai e mai te mutunga te rautau 19, ka piri nga toi Russian tino rongonui. Just i tenei wa, ta te ropu te taea o te hanga Talafungani hou, riro te reira i te whakaaro matua o te "Academy New" Alexander Benois. Ko te hawhe tuarua o te 10-doma o XX rautau i uaua mō toi no ki tenei hapori. Ahakoa te "Ao Art o" - te uniana o te faataa ia he takoha nui ki te toi Russian, i te wa Mashkov reira kua ko, kaua, te kotahitanga ōkawa. whai wāhi te kaitoi i roto i ngā whakaaturanga, me tautoko hoa. I roto i tenei wā, Mashkov tonu te rota o te mahi, engari āta haere mai ki te talena hou.

Ko te Association o Artists o Revolutionary Russia

I roto i te 1925, e Mashkov Ilya he AHRR hapori hou, e kaiwhakamana te hou, mana'o hou. I roto i te meka, ka e ia tetahi o nga ideologists tuatahi o te talena hapori. no te artist ki te rōpū tae noa tona mimiti haere i roto i te 1929. I roto i tenei wā, pania ana e ia he ora hou hari, whakaahua o te feia faatere o te hanga, tonu te ora ki te nui o te kai. Moscow kaipeita, hoa mua Mashkov, e kore e matau ana mana'o hou, he tokomaha o ratou ora i roto i te whakarau. tonu Ilya Ivanovich i roto i te USSR me tautoko tino whakaaro hou. I roto i te 1930 i tuhituhi Mashkov pikitia tika a Hēnare i: "Greeting 17 Congress o te CPSU (b)", "taro Soviet."

I roto i te whawhai, ora Mashkov i Abramtsevo, pania whakaahua o hoia me te werohia, kaimahi muri. Late Mashkov Ko te whakarongo tona huru anaanatae. ka mea koe pai-mohiotia Yakov Tugendhold e tona mahi he kitea "aroha hauora mo te kikokiko kanapa, me te toto." mau e ia tona 'ofa mo faarahiraa tae noa ki te ra whakamutunga.

mahi Exhibition

kua Ilya Mashkov ora katoa kua tino hua, kia rite ki te kaha reira faaite tona mahi. whai wāhi ia i roto i te maha ngā whakaaturanga nui o te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau. Tenei hui "Jack o Taimana", "World Art o". I roto i 1916, te "Exhibition o peita Russian nāianei" whakaatu reira 70 mahi, ko reira te whakaaturanga ora nui Ili Mashkova. Mai te 20 kua faaite noa atu te toi i roto i Venice, London, New York. I roto i nga tau 30 o te mana Soviet ki pai te maua e peita Mashkov i roto i nga pa nui katoa o te ao.

mahi mātauranga

Hoki te nuinga o te ora o Ilya Mashkov, artist, kaipeita, whakaako. Ka rite ki te tangata taitama, whakawhanakehia e ia tona tikanga ake o te tuhi whakaako me te peita. Tona kura, i whakatuwheratia e ia i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau rua tekau, ko ki te riro i te AHRR taupuni pokapū. I roto i ana ākonga, ko Falk, Tatlin, Osmerkin, Mukhina.

I muri i te revolution, kua te toi kua whakaako, mahi i runga i ngā akoranga ngā i te Military Academy me i VHUTEINe.

tūmataiti

whakakitea Ilya Mashkov tona aroha mo te ora, me te i roto i te ora ia rā. Ko ia he aroha nui o nga kotiro a marenatia e toru ngā wā. wahine tuatahi ko Italian Sofia Arentsvari, marenatia Mashkov ia i roto i te 1905, he tau i muri i whanau anake te tama a te kaitoi Valentin. riro ia he mataaro hoahoa, i hopukina ia i roto i te tau 1937. ka wahine Tuarua i roto i te tau 1915 i te artist Fedorova Elena Fedorovna. Ko hoki te wahine tuatoru he toi: i roto i te 1922 ka moea e Mashkov Danilova Maria Ivanovna.

Tawhito me te mahara

Ilya Mashkov, nei peita e tino maiohatia e te hunga i aroha o te peita, ka mate a Maehe 20, 1944 i tona dacha i Abramtsevo. mahue ia i muri i te tukufakaholo nui. E i teie nei ana peita i te kohikohinga o 78 nga pa i roto i te ao. hoatu te kohinga nui rawa o te pouaru o te kaitoi te Volgograd Museum Art o. uaua puta ana peita i mākete me hokona mō moni nui. Ko te kupu, ko te peita "Flowers" i hokona mō te 3.5 miriona tāra, a "tonu Life ki Fruit" - no te $ 7.2 miriona.

Creativity o Mashkov ako e kōrero toi, fakatapui ia te pukapuka. faaite Museum i Volgograd tona ingoa. Ko te maharatanga ki o te artist riro, e puritia te whakaaturanga o ana mahi ia wā i roto i ngā whare taonga nui. Na, i roto i te 2014, i whakakitea te mahi i muri mai i roto i Moscow, ko te whakaaturanga he angitu nui.