Bandera - ko wai e koe? Bandera i roto i te whawhai. haki Bandera

I roto i te marama o ngā whanaketanga i roto i Ukraine rawa maha hiahia i roto i Bandera. Ko wai e enei iwi, te wahi i neke ai? I roto i tēnei tuhinga ka tamata tatou ki te whakahoki kupu enei a te tahi atu mau uiraa rawa mahu'inga. Ki te rā, i reira e pera maha kōrero wehi e pā ana ki te mua o tenei kaupapa, whakatika reira etahi iwi, etahi e whakataua ara mauahara ranei.

mōhiohio Historical e pā ana ki te ahua o Bandera

Na, Bandera - ko wai e ratou? He rota o ngā whakamāramatanga kino o tenei kaupapa. I roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao i te reira i te iwi nei tautoko te Māoritanga Štěpána Bandery, he rangatira o te nationalism Ukrainian. Na ka hanga e ratou he rota o kohuru o kore-Ukrainians, whakatika reira ki te hiahia mo te haere noa, me te rangatiratanga o to ratou whenua.

Ki te rā, i reira he nui o te taunakitanga o hara kau muimui o Bandera, i puta i roto i te Pakanga nui Patriotic. whakamatea ratou te hunga kihai nei i no ki te iwi Iukereiniana, nei i whanaunga i roto i te iwi o te tahi atu Iwi. E pūmau ana ētahi kohuru Bandera (whakaahua i raro nei), te kore pehea whakauaua taea te huaina pāhuatia. tīmata te reira i katoa ki te whakaaro o te whakaoranga o te Ukraine Western i te kaha o te whakaeke Polish.

Stepan Bandera. tāhuhu tangata

Na e pā ana ki mea te rangatira o te kaupapa. whanau Stepan Bandera i roto i 1909 i roto i te utuafare o te tohunga Kariki-Katorika. I tua atu ki tona hapu i ono tamariki. Oia mau, te whakaaro o te nationalism Stepan imbibed ki te mau haapiiraa o tona papa, i ngana ana ki te kawe i tana kaupapa ki ngā tamariki. Kua whai wāhi tēnei ki te Pakanga o te Ao Tuatahi, i tangohia e wahi i roto i te mua o te tamaiti ake impressionable.

noho Bandera i roto i te whare o tona papa o tae noa ki 1919, ka oho ki te pa o Stryi ka whakauru i roto i te kura. I roto i te reira, ako ia mo te waru tau. Ko roto i te kura nui, ka anga ana mahi iwi e muri arahina ki te mea puta i roto i te Ukraine Bandera. meinga e ia he rangatira tamarikitanga i roto i te Ukraine Western, te parururaa i tona motuhake i tetahi tikanga, e kore disdaining ara te meka e inaianei, i roto i te ao hou i huaina, ko te terrorism.

ngā mahi tōrangapū Štěpána Bandery

I puta ia i te kura nui, Stepan, haunga ngā mahi pāpori, mahi i roto i te mahi i tukua ki a ia e te whakahaere hōia Ukrainian. ko Bandera reira mai te akoranga kura wetereo matua. He mema mōhiohio o tenei whakahaere, ka ia i roto i te tau 1927. anga mahi i roto i te tari ite, a i muri i te whakatö-. Muri ia ko he to'u tupú e piri ki ona whakaaro iwi hoki tuwhena.

I roto i te mahi o te whakahaere, kua tutuki ia tiketike nui, me te rongonui, rawa i roto i te pa o Lviv, e Bandera (rite i ratou ka huaina) tino whakaaro ko ia te whakapakoko. meinga e ia te rangatira o te whakahaere raro OUN.

Na he iti e pā ana ki te umanga tōrangapū o Stepan. Ki tona nama e rave rahi ngā puhinga whakaritea o kaitōrangapū rongonui, ki a wai i taua wa whawhai nga Nationalists. tetahi o ratou i roto i '34 hoki i mau ia, ka whiua ki te mate, e, Heoi, etahi wa i muri, te hāereere a ki te ora whare herehere. I roto i te whare herehere, pau ia ki runga ki te 39 nga tau, no te, no te mea o te mahi o Poland, tukua herehere katoa (me ki a ratou, Stepan) i.

tonu o ratou mahi i te rangatira o nga Nationalists. A, ki te whakaaro tatou ki te pātai "Bandera - ko wai e" te whakahoki, ko te e ko te reira mau pǐpǐ e tautoko ia ia kotahi.

Ngohe Bandera i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao

I tenei wa Stepan tika tukua. Hono ana kaitautoko, tae mai ia Lviv, te wahi i aromatawaitia ai te āhuatanga, me te faaoti e inaianei te hoariri matua o te rangatiratanga o Ukraine ko te Soviet Union.

Ka taea e tatou amo e mana puta te Ukrainian Bandera i muri i te afa o OUN, ka timata te pou o matenga o te whakahaere ki te titau e rua iwi ki ngā whakaaro tino ritenga. Te reira i Bandera ko A. Miller. Ko te whakaaro tuatahi e kore Germany e tauturu i te Ukrainians ki te whiwhi haere noa e hiahiatia, kia hiahia koe ki te whakawhirinaki i runga i a ratou ano anake. He haumi ki te Tiamana taea voprinimat anake te pānga rangitahi. Ko te whakaaro tuarua rawa rerekē. I roto i te mutunga, ka haere katoa ki a ratou puni. Tata kaitautoko Bandera maitai Lenkavsky S., J. Stetsko, Lebedev, V. Ohrimovich, R. Shukhevich.

I roto i te Hune 1941, i kauwhautia te mahi te whakaoranga o te kāwanatanga Iukereiniana, te hua o nei ko te mutunga o Bandera i puritia i roto i Germany. E kore e nga Tiamana rite tenei tahuri o ngā. Ka rite ki Stepan tohu, i ratou rawa rerekē mahere mo te Ukraine.

I roto i te whare herehere Tiamana noho Bandera tae noa ki Mahuru 44. kihai i reira te wahi kino rawa, i roto i te reira i taua noa kaimahi kino tōrangapū. Tiamana ratou e toru nga tau, a tukua Stepan free. Ko reira pai te mahi o te tautohe ki tana whakapuakitanga o te kāwanatanga Ukrainian motuhake.

Enei tau e toru kihai i taea e Bandera ngā i roto i tōrangapū, ahakoa puritia i roto i te pa ki tona hoa i roto i tana wahine. Heoi, i tenei wa katoa, Western Ukraine, te wahi e kore e whiua e Bandera ona mahi tonu ki te whawhai i te rohe whakaeke.

Štěpána Bandery ora i muri i tuku

I muri i tona tukunga i roto i te Mahuru 1944 whakatau Bandera ki noho ki te ora i roto i Germany. Ngoikore ki te hoki ki te rohe o te Soviet Union kihai i ārai ki te whakarite i peka tāwāhi o te OUN (B).

I tenei wa, kia rite ki te tahi mau puna, i whakauru ia e ka mahi mo te maramarama me counterintelligence i Germany. Ko rite ki ētahi atu puna, kihai ia te tuku.

Tae noa nga rima tekau, te tangata arahina te ora o te conspirator, rite ua faaite te reira i te hopu, engari ia i muri i oho ki a Munich me tona utuafare. Tae noa te mutunga o ona ra, i haere ia ki te kaitiaki, ki te tiaki ia ratou i nga whakaeke, e, i te ara, i reira tokomaha i. Here mohio ki a ia i raro i te ingoa Popel.

Heoi, e kore tenei i whakaora ia ia i te mate. I roto i te 1959, ka patua e ia e te kaihoko KGB B. Stashinsky. Bandera te pere i roto i te mata ki te pupuhi-pūwero (ihirangi - cyanide pāhare pāporo). kihai i ia taea ki te whakaora, i te ara ki te hōhipera ka mate Stepan. I muri i gunman i mauheretia, ka tono tangata ki te whare herehere mo te waru tau. I muri te putanga atu i reira Stashinsky whakarau he unknown.

I muri i te matenga o Bandera noho whānau - tana wahine Oparovskaya Yaroslav, tama Anaru, tamahine Natalia ko Les. Ahakoa o ratou mahi katoa, ko te hapu aroha ia, me te kaha tiakina.

Heoi mutu te ora o te tangata nei ko te mastermind muri te kaupapa iwi hoki i roto i Western Ukraine, me te te kaiwhakahaere o maha ngā puhinga tōrangapū. Kua mahia ana akonga maha patu, huna i muri te whakaaro o te rangatiratanga o Ukraine, tona whakaoranga i te Polish, a muri nga mana Soviet.

I roto i te 2010, i whakawhiwhia Bandera te taitara o Hero o Ukraine, ahakoa te meka e Whakataka reira maha iwi. Heoi, i roto i 2011 te Kooti o Ukraine Hupirimi Whakahaere, i whakaritea e te reira e kore e taea te whakaaro tenei tangata te aito.

kau muimui Bandera i roto i te Ao Tuarua

Na, haere tonu ona mahi i roto i te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, (he whānui e wātea ana whakaahua o pāhuatia teie mahana) Bandera kaha timata ki te whawhai tuatahi ki te mahi Polish, a ka ki nga Tiamana toa te Army Whero. Ukrainian pū i Army (UPA), i tautoko te whakaaro o te rangatiratanga o Ukraine Stepan i hanga e. nga hoariri katoa - Hurai, amo, me te tahi atu Iwi. Na katoa o ratou ki te kia whakangaromia.

He whai u'ana me hoa o Bandera ko Shukhevych Roma, e i roto i tona ngaro tata arahina OUN. I roto i '41 tuku ia ope taua "Nachtigall", i whakangaromia e te maha nui o nga tangata o te iwi Polish o te pa. Mai taua taime a timata tapahi te taupori rangimarie o Ukraine.

Ki te kōrero atu tatou e pā ana ki ana mahi, ko reira te matua te kawenga mō te mate o nga tangata o te kainga Belarusian o Khatyn, ratou noa te muru i roto i.

I tua atu ki o ratou pūkete, me te tahi atu pāhuatia, ara te kohuru o käinga Korbelisy i Volyn. E rave rahi i tahuna oratia. Katoa ia patu e pā ana ki 2,800 iwi.

Kua hanga kino rawa pāhuatia kainga Lozovaya, te wahi i patua atu atu i te kotahi rau e noho, me te momo o te whakaweti.

He he atu taunakitanga whakarau e wehingia ana o civilians. Tata he tamariki katoa e kore o te iwi Ukrainian i raro ki te mate, me te taparahi. Na he tokomaha haea otrubyvali ranei wāhanga rerekē o te tinana, patua. Ētahi ora, e here ana ki te pou ki te waea tao. ngā tino kua reira ngā wā e wehingia ana.

I teie mahana, i reira he kōrero e whakapono e nga māngai o te OUN-UPA tino pārekareka ki barbarities kawea atu e ratou. Ahakoa kihai i pera hari nga kau Nasí Tiamana. kohia ana tēnei raraunga e i ngā pūrongo o hopukina a ui Bandera. Reira kī hoki etahi Tiamana nei tahi ki a ratou.

Bandera rite te wahi o te UPA

Bandera UPA - i hanga reira he ope patu, i te mea kaimahi ki te kau taki o te OUN (B). Reira ka timata ki te tomo ki roto ki reira te ngā māngai e tautoko tenei kaupapa, me o ratou whakaaro.

Ko tōna whāinga matua o nga nö Soviet, me te te whakangaromanga o te mea katoa, me te hunga katoa i kahore pā ana ki Ukraine. mahara tonu he tokomaha te iwi ratou nanakia, ka tapahia kainga katoa i anake te mea no ki tetahi atu iwi.

I te wa o te whakaoranga o te Army Whero i te UPA, i reira i pā ana ki e rima tekau mano whawhai kaha. i Ia o ratou ratou tūranga wä mārama, he huru pakeke, me te mauahara ki te "Poari", i whai wāhi ki tau mua o repressions a Stalin.

Heoi, i reira nga ngoikoretanga i roto i te ope. Tenei, o te akoranga, kariri, me te mana pū.

Me pēhea te ki te mahi Bandera i roto i te whawhai

A, no te matapaki i te hara o Bandera rite te wahi o te UPA, ka tenei ra, i nga paerewa o te kōrero, he rawa tini ratou. Hei tauira, i raro ki te mate o e pā ana ki 200 iwi i te kainga o Kuta (Ararata me amo). i motuhia katoa i roto i purea iwi te rohe.

pāngia e te pai-mohiotia Volyn Massacre maha whakataunga. Ko te wa e wehingia ana. Ētahi kau taki o te motini ki te aroaro o tatou piri ki tenei whakaaro: kia ka waiho iti iwi te rohe, engari ka horoi i te reira i te Ukrainians.

E ai ki ngā whakatau tata, i mate i rua tekau ki te mano te rau iwi (a ko reira nga civilians!) I te ringa o te iwi nei tautoko te whakaaro o te nationalism i raro i te ārahitanga o Stepan Bandera. Tetahi, ara nga tumu pai rawa, e kore e taea whakatika te mate tutu o te iwi na maha.

aroraa Bandera

meinga Bandera taihara pato'iraa nui ki a ratou e nga nö Soviet i roto i te whawhai. Ka rite ki te whakaoranga o Ukraine i te Tiamana i te Army Whero ka marere ake i roto i to ratou mahi, me te hanganga o te UPA. tamata ratou ki te ārai i te whakatūnga o "tona" whenua o te tikanga Soviet. Kawea atu mahi ngā o auru huna, hei tauira, te tahunga o ngā toa, whakangaro aho waea, me te te patu o te iwi nei i roto i te Army Whero. I te tahi taime i tapahia mau utuafare katoa anake mo te meka i ratou mateaki ki te nö Russian.

hōia Soviet, rite te whakaoranga o te rohe, kawea atu, ka tahi i te Nationalists Tiamana-Ukrainian. Kua Kua ngaro tata katoa ngā rōpū nui o UPA. Heoi, i reira nga wae iti, e e hoko uaua atu ki te hopu.

Ko he wa uaua mo nga Ukrainians Western. I runga i te ringa kotahi - te Soviet Army, i kawea i roto i roopu o te taupori pakeke tane. I te tahi atu - te hanganga o te UPA, i muru hoki i roto i te hunga katoa e he i te iti rawa i roto i te tahi mau ara hono ki te Sovietí.

I muri i te mutunga o te Pakanga Tuarua i runga i te rohe mo te whakawāteatanga i ngā rōpū iwi hoki i tonoa ki kaimahi o te NKGB me te NKVD. I tua atu, e waha ana te reira i roto i te mahi whakamārama i roto i te taupori, me te hua i hanga te pera-ka karanga "ope haamou". Ua tauturu ratou i roto i te whakakorenga o kēnge.

Roa Bandera whawhai tae noa ki te rima tekau, ka i ratou hopea patua rōpū raro OUN-UPA.

Bandera kau muimui wā o tenei ra

Ki te rā, he taea te rohe Ukrainian ki mau i te mau pǐpǐ whakaoratanga Štěpána Bandery. Kua whāngai tokomaha Ukrainians te whakaaro o te nationalism, Heoi, kua tino wareware matou e pā ana ki aua wa, e wehingia ana i reira. Pea ara kitea ratou he kupu whakahoki. ka Stepan Bandera te whakapakoko o te iwi taitamariki maha, rite ko reira kotahi. Ētahi o te whakatupuranga kaumatua e whakapono (me te pōuri) e whakangaromia e kore katoa Bandera kotahi ratou tīpuna. rerekē whakaaro, a te tino kaha.

Supporters me kau muimui o te rangatira o OUN whakanui te ra whanau o tona whakapakoko tira rama, me haki whero-a-mangu. hipokina ratou o ratou mata, a ka e pupuri ana etahi mekameka whakaahua o ia. Ko te haerenga e wahi tata puta noa i te pa, engari e kore e tupu te reira mau vahi atoa. He huru tino kino ki te taua faaiteraa kanapa o te faaturaraa i Štěpána Bandery ētahi iwi.

Ka rite ki hoki Māoritanga, te hou Bandera i Ukraine tangohia ana a reira i ona matua. Ahakoa te pepeha "kororia ki Ukraine - Heroes o kororia" i tono i a ratou.

Ko te tohu o nga kau muimui o Štěpána Bandery

He tohu o Nationalists o tenei ra, me te rite i roto i nga wa mua, he kakahu whero-a-mangu. Tenei haki Bandera i whakaaetia hoki i roto i te 1941. tohu te reira i te kaupapa pāhoro, te pakanga ki te mahi o nga whenua Ukrainian. Heoi, i roto i te Pakanga II o te Ao e kore te maha whakamahia reira, pera i roto i te wa nei.

Ki te kōrero tatou āta pā ana ki te haki, e kitea enei tae i roto i te whenua maha pērā ngā hou. Hei tauira, kua whakamahia te reira rawa maha i roto i Amerika Latin.

Ko te kupu, ka whakaaro: "Bandera - ko wai e enei iwi?" Me ahau ki te whakahua i to ratou haki i muri Independence o Ukraine me nga ngā muri meinga nei kua tino mōhiotia.

urupa Modern ki Bandera me ana patunga

I teie mahana, i reira e maha urupa haamana'oraa o te pāhuatia mahia e nga patunga me te hunga i mahue i muri Bandera i roto i te whawhai. E tū ana ratou i roto i nga pa maha me nga kainga. Kei te tū te maha rawa o ratou i roto i Lviv me ona taha. Ano, i reira he pae rite i roto i Lugansk, Svatovo, Shalygin i Simferopol, i roto i nga rohe Volyn me Ternopil.

I roto i Poland, i roto i te pa o Legnica, i reira he he akona katoa whakatapua ki te patunga o te Uia. Wroclaw Ko te tohu-whare moengaroa i roto i te mahara o te patunga, e hinga i te OUN-Uia i 39-47 tau o rau whakamutunga.

Heoi, i reira te mea ano hoki he tohu ki a Bandera me i Poland. Ko reira tata ki Radymno. Hetia tāuta, i reira he ara he tikanga mo tona turakitanga, engari he pai utu reira tonu te whakamahara.

I tua atu, i reira e maha urupa ki Stepan Bandera. Western Ukraine marara ratou he nui rawaka - i urupa nui ki busts iti. He ki waho hoki, hei tauira i roto i Germany, te wahi i tanumia ia te rangatira o te kaupapa iwi hoki Ukrainian.