Whakahou Speransky

ka whakahounga o Speransky te keokeonga tūturu o whakahounga kāwanatanga i roto i te timatanga o te kingitanga o Alexander I. Ko te tama a te tohunga ohie i te kainga, i whakaturia e ia he rota o mahi i roto i te tikanga ki te riro i te rōia pai-mohiotia , ka hanga mahi whakahaere dizzying.

I 1807 kua ko Speransky tetahi o nga tangata tata ki te Hiha, tata kōrero rā ki a ia, kōrero te kaupapa panoni. Ko maha tona tirohanga whakatakotoria hoki Alexander ahau i roto i te kōwhiringa o ngā kaitono mō te tari tūmatanui. Ia ano hoki i filí nei whakapono e nona ia te hinaaro o te Hiha, a ka mana ia Russia. Otiia i roto i te vairaa mau ko tika ia, ahakoa he pūmanawa rawa, te whai i nga tohutohu a Alexander I. whakaaro tōrangapū Speransky whakanuia e te taua papû ore rite nga whakaaro o te Hiha ia. I runga i te ringa kotahi, hiahia ratou ki te hanga Russia te whenua pono Pākehā, me i te tahi atu - ki te matau, e kore te mea rite hoki huringa uruhi te whenua. Speransky, ka rite ki te mea powhiriwhiri o Napoleon me ana whakaaro, whakapono e i roto i te whenua ki te nuinga o te taupori takoha e taea e kore pātai o te arikitanga tūturu. Heoi, mohio hoki ia e ki te tino whakaoti i te pātai kaiahuwhenua he iti ki te mana Ngātuere, o te kingi, na mahi ki te tūpato tino.

Hangaia whakahou tōrangapū Speransky ka tukuna ki te emepera i anake i roto i te 1809. I roto i te kaupapa hou, tohu ia i roto e tika ana ki te takaí i ngaueue Europe, e kore e taea e roa a muri ake nei hanganga i roto i Russia.

Reform Speransky matua mo te wehenga o te maha manga o kāwanatanga (ture, whakahaere, ā-ture) ki te huihuinga o te State Duma me te whakahaere o te mana pōti ture. whakaaro hoki e ia te faufaa rahi o te hanganga o te State Kaunihera, hono nei te ki tahi i te tahi, me te whekau pokapū o te whakahaere i runga i te whenua ki te kingi. hanganga Speransky, Heoi, he tapakuha, enei tinana hou te whiriwhiri anake. E ratou kahore pānga i runga i te mana tino o te emepera.

Speransky ko ana whakahounga, ohaoha tawhito, o te akoranga, e kore he kaitautoko anake. Ki ko ratou nga rangatira, ko te momo-whakaaro. ka kite nga panoni ratou he riri ki to ratou tūranga me te pūnaha feudal Ngātuere, i roto i te whānui. Tumu kōrero me te kaituhi N. M. Karamzin, rite te ideologist matua o conservatives, aroaro ki te Emepara he tuhipoka i roto i ai ka ui ia ki a ia (a tae noa tohe) ki te tiaki i te tikanga tawhito, ki te whakaora ai i te autocracy me serfdom.

tutaki hoki whakahounga Speransky ki te ātete i runga i te wahi o te Kaute A. A. Arakcheeva, tata ki Alexander I. Graf, i runga i te anga ke, i whakapono e i roto i te tikanga ki te whakapakari i te kaha o te kingi i ki te whakawhanake atu i te pūnaha uiui ngā. Ko te pakanga i waenganui i conservatives me Rīpera mutu ki te hinga o te muri. i nekehia atu to ratou ideologue i fetu'utaki mo e kakaí, ka tonoa ki te whakarau.

hanganga Speransky whakatinana i roto i te kotahi anake take: i roto i te 1810, whakatūria te Kaunihera State. Kei a ia ko nga minita, me te tahi atu rangatira ki te ūnga o te Hiha ia. ngā te mahi o te Kaunihera o State o hui e pā ana ki te whanaketanga o ture hou, me te tikanga o nga uara o te ture whāngai. whai wāhi hoki ia i roto i te tohatoha o ngā pūtea i waenganui i nga manatü, arotakehia Minita nga pūrongo mo te tau, i mua i hoatu ratou ki te kingi. e tiakina ēnei mahi mo te Kaunihera o State tae noa ki 1906.

I roto i te whānui, kihai i whakahounga whakahaeretia i roto i te whenua mai i 1802 ki te 1811 tau te huri i te āhua o tona pūnaha tōrangapū. I te anga ke, kua hanga e ratou te taputapu kāwanatanga noa atu centralized. Ko tonu te mana-ture, me te whakahaere nui te kingi.