Chesme Tīwae - tohu o te toa o te tāruru Russian

Hoki ngā rau tau e rua me te hawhe, ko Russia i whawhai ki te Ottoman Empire - te timatanga o te whai wāhi ki te Moana Black, a ka i roto i te tikanga ki te whakapakari i tona tūranga i roto i te Caucasus. I roto i te faatura i tenei, kaupapa here ke angitu, timata e Pita te nui tonu te Empress Catherine II.

I roto i kingi ia te kingitanga Russian tiki kore anake wāhi noa ki te Azov me te Moana Black, engari apitiria ano hoki te kūrae Crimean, hoko he mana moana tūturu. I roto i te kororia o whakaora Russian kaihoahoa pūmanawa me kaiwhakairo hanga urupa fakangalongata'a. Ko tētahi o ratou - Chesme Tīwae i St Petersburg.

prehistory

I roto i te waenganui o te rau tau XVIII, kua tonu Turkey ki te nuinga rawa te Moana Black. Ahakoa te mau tautooraa e Pita ngana ahau ki whakakaha ona pareparenga, e kore Russia i taua wa i whai i te Moana Black Azov ranei kahupapa. Na reira, whakaaro kaupapa here ke Catherine II o te kāwanatanga kei te te kaupapa matua aronga tonga.

Heoi, e kore ko te timatanga o te whawhai Russia. whakaekea Turkey me whanaunga Tatars Crimean i te mutunga o 1768 Black te rohe Moana raki. Hei hoatu Turkey hit i te muri, me te tautoko ki te faaineine i te whakatikanga ake o Karaitiana i nga Balkans, i whakaritea e te reira ki te unga kaipuke o te Baltic Fleet i te moana nui.

Summer - ngahuru 1769 i Kronstadt rua matua hoia Russian arahina e Admirals Grigoriem Spiridovym ko John Elphinstone. i tukua te ārahitanga ope Tapeke ki te Tatau Alekseya Orlova.

Swimming a tawhio noa Europe mo nga heramana Russian ko te wero uaua. tomo te kaipuke tuatahi te moana i roto i Noema, a i roto i te puna o te tau i muri mai, e rua te matua hoia Baltic tahi, ka timata ki te faaineine no te whawhai, he aha rite Chesme Tīwae i Tsarskoye selo.

Ko te kaha i te hanahana Porte

ka mau te whawhai nui tuatahi wahi i roto i te Kio Strait Pipiri 24, 1770 te kaipuke Turkish tatau rua te rahi o te matua hoia Russian te tūranga rautaki pai hoki kua. Ahakoa tenei, i muri i te pakanga taimaha whati nga Turkey i Chesma Bay, i whakaaro tata kē.

Te taua ra, kua whakaritea e te kaunihera hōia ki te whakaoti tika i te hinga o te kaipuke Turkish i Cesme. āraia kaipuke Russian te putanga kuiti i te kokoru, a timata tata waenganui po te whawhai, i muri mohio tetahi o te nui rawa i roto i te hītori o kaipuke e rere.

I i whakangaromia rawa te po o te kaipuke Turkish i runga i Pipiri 26, rere nga kauhoe o te kaipuke, me te hoia i roto i Cesme Hamurana. Te tahi mea e kore e kore tetahi i roto i Europe tūmanakohia. I roto i te honore o te whakamanamana o te kaipuke Russian i muri tāuta Chesme tīwae rostral i roto i te Catherine Park o Tsarskoye selo.

kaiuru katoa i roto i te pakanga rongonui o te ture o Empress whakawhiwhia mētara whakamaharatanga. I roto i te St. Petersburg, hanga Chesma Palace me te Ekalesia, tāuta Gatchina kohatu, me i Tsarskoye selo - tīwae.

tauira tawhito o

I ko Russia i whawhai ki te Ottoman Empire, i Tsarskoye selo, timata mahi i runga i te rärangi park. A, no te tae te rongo o te wikitoria i Cesme St Petersburg, ua faaue Catherine II te kaihoahoa A. Rinaldi ki te waihanga i tētahi tīwae pērā i te pou rostral, tukua i roto i te Roma i roto i te honore o te kaha i te kairauhī Kaiu Duilio kaipuke o Carthage.

I whakaritea e te reira ki te whakatū i te tohu i roto i te waenganui o te hāroto nui keria e herehere Swedish o te whawhai i mua. tonu te mahi mo te maha o nga tau. I roto i tenei wa, ke matou nga takiwa o te raina rohe o te hāroto, kia hoatu ki a ratou he whakahuahua o te Moana 'Īsiní.

i hanga Chesmenskaya tīwae te i runga i te hoahoa whakaaetia tangata Catherine II. kihai i hape te Empress: te nui, me te i te wa ano, te hanahana tutakina te ahua o te pou tawhito ko te fe'unga pai ki te whakapuaki i te whakamanamana o te kaipuke Russian, këtia te putanga o te whawhai.

whakamārama poto

Chesme Tīwae - he mahi o te kaihoahoa Italian Antonio Rinaldi, i tū i te mahi Russian, me toi Ioganna Shvartsa, nana nei i hanga te pou o ngā huānga parahi: te ekara, me pati-reliefs.

āhua te aranga mai o te turanga ofa'i wai te rite te koeko rāpopototia, te tīwae rawa taua - mārō mapere Ural. Te karauna te pou he ekara parahi, kua hāngai i te heitiki Turkish. I runga i te ringa kotahi, tohu te reira i te Russia toa, me i te tahi atu - Count Orlov, riro Orlov te tika kia huaina-Chesmensky ki.

I Rostra whakapakoko te tauturu kitea o pūāhua ngā o te Te Tai Rāwhiti: te potae, horsetail, rakau, te oka, sabers Turkish, kara. Parahi pati-reliefs whakatapua ki te whawhai wikitoria e toru i roto i te Moana Aegean, i roto i tona honore, me te Chesme tīwae i tāutatia.

History, o Nāianei

I roto i te 1996 tohua reira te tau 300th o te Naval Fleet o Russia. riro he hoki e toru rau tau ko reira rota te whakaora kororia, tae atu i te whawhai i roto i te Moana Aegean te whawhai Russian-Turkish. Ki tenei rā, i whakaritea e te reira ki te whakahoki i te parahi pati-reliefs, kua oti te mua tīwae Chesma.

I muri te Pakanga II o te Ao, tangohia etahi o ratou i roto o te Pond nui, i nga he hua o te nganatanga horihori o nga kau Nasí kawe te tohu mapere. I roto i te 1994-1995. anō Kozenyuk toi V. nga mea timatanga ngaro, a ka titiro te taua rite i roto i nga ra o te Empress Catherine II, nei whakahau ki te waihanga i tenei toa tohu o te kaipuke Russian tenei ra Chesme tīwae.