Cosmonaut Soviet me pūtaiao Valentin Lebedev haurongo

Whenua - he witi o te onepu whakaritea ki te mana faito ore o te ao. tautau tini whetu, aorangi ngaro, rua pango kino - tangata tūturu o te ao, nga ngā o e he kino ki nga earthlings. Space me te mea katoa hono ki reira, no te tenetere ngā ka hiamo hinengaro pākiki. kua akoranga me te hua rangahau kua he mōhiotanga nui o teie ao nui, me te tino tangata ke ki a tatou. O te akoranga, i roto i tenei rohe o te whanaketanga e kawea i roto i tonu rite taea ki te ako i te ture o nga hanganga ake. Iwi e kua whakatapua to ratou oraraa i teie mahi, o te akoranga, e tika o te faatura. Te reira i arorangi, cosmologists, astrophysicists me astronauts.

Moscow tamarikitanga

Lebedev Valentin Vitalevich - Soviet cosmonaut, PhD, ahorangi me te ariki o hākinakina. mahi tenei tangata rangahau wāhi take pono tika, na pūmau i roto i te aamu o te wāhi ao. whakaritea World Rēhita te tau 70, ka rite ki te tatauranga Soviet - tau 29. Valentin Lebedev i roto i tona mahi i hanga e rua flights tua atu kotahi o te whenua, me hoki rawa he wa roa (neke atu i te rua nga haora), ka puta mai i roto i te tuwhera wāhi.

whanau kaipōkai Future i roto i Moscow. mohiotia tona rā whanau te: April 14, 1942. i kawea mai e ia ki runga i roto i te utuafare noa. Tona whaea - Antonina Fedorovna - mahi hei kaikaute me tona papa - Vitaly Vladimirovich - whiriwhiria te mahi hōia. Pea, ka awe i te ira o tona papa i te whakatau o te tamaiti te whiriwhiri i tenei tikanga itoito. ako Valentin Lebedev i Naro-Fominsk tau kura nui 4, i i puta ia i roto i 1959. I tenei wa, faaoti te tangata taitama i runga i te pere neke me ngā kaupapa matua i roto i te ora, ka whakaritea e ki te whiriwhiri i te ara o te kaiurungi.

ara roa ki te wāhi: te timatanga

Orenburg Aviation School - ko te kōwhiringa mohio o astronauts heke mai tenei. Mātauranga i reira kua whakaaetia i te taata ki te whakapumautia ano i roto i te whakaaro o te tika o te ara whiriwhiri. Kia aroha mai, i roto i aua ra ka mau a reira wahi te whakariterite anō me whakaiti o te Armed Forces o te USSR, kua puta huringa na auau i roto i tenei rohe. I te pae hopea Aviation Kura, i tangohia e whakangungu wahi Lebedev whakamararatia. Kua whakaritea e Valentine kore ki te huri i te moe, ka tomo te Moscow Aviation Institute i te Faculty o rererangi. Otiia kihai i te ako iti ki te tangata taitamariki, a i roto i te whakarara timata ki te whakawhanake i te whakahaere rererangi pakihi pakeke. rere ia i roto i taua whakaaro rite Yak-18, IL-29 tutaki MI-1. Na ki te tīmata ki te whanaketanga o gliders (KAI-12). Te kupu, ua Valentin Lebedev te mana o te rererangi konganuku, ki te tara ratou.

Mahi i te Central Hoahoa Bureau

I tonu i tukuna he ākonga i te Moscow Aviation Institute ingoa i muri i S. Ordzhonikidze taata i te tono mō te whakauru ki te cosmonaut. A i roto i te 1963, riro e ia te kupu o te peka Institute o Party. tangi te reira maere, engari i roto i nga wa Soviet, kihai i reira taea kahore kia āhei ki te mahi i roto i ngā rōpū nui taua tautoko. I puta ia i te evanelia, ka Valentin Lebedev whakaaetanga ki te mahi i roto i te Central Hoahoa Bureau. Tenei whakahaere ka arahina e te rongonui S. P. Korolov. I muri mai, i roto i te 1979, i whakaingoatia te whare, a ka mohiotia rite te NPO "Energía". I roto i tenei whakahaere, Valentin Lebedev, nei haurongo kua meinga tona tahuri whakatakotoria, kua riro i te mataaro pūkaha noa ki te kairangahau matua.

I roto i te 1967, ki te pūtaiao whai wāhi i roto i te waitaua i roto i te Indian Ocean, whakaritea i roto i te raupapa kitea waka ātea unmanned "Zond", whakamahia hoki misioni ki te marama. Te tau e whai ake nei, ano i roto i India kaipūkaha arahina te rōpū o tohunga, i mahi "Zond-5" - te teihana wāhi ki āmio te marama, me te tuatahi ki te whakarato whakapakoko-kounga teitei earthlings o to tatou amiorangi.

Lebedev Valentin Anatolevich tata atu hono ona mahi ki te hanganga me ngā whanaketanga i roto i tenei rohe. tohua ana tēnei e atu tohu o tona haurongo:

• whakamātautau ake o nga tikanga o te ora mo kauhoe wāhi ū i runga i te wai, me te whenua.
• uru ia i roto i te whakamātautau rere o taua kaipuke rite "Fakalakalaka", "Union" o teihana orbital "Salyut" (tuawha ki te ono).
• mahi ia i te cosmodrome "Baikonur" te upoko o te rōpū operative-hangarau.
• Ko ia he faiako me te kaiwhakatikatika i roto i te Pû Haapiipiiraa Cosmonaut, te wahi whakangungua waka "Soyuz" (4-9) ki te rere.
• Whakawhanakehia ngā tukanga tuhinga tāmau ā-me te tūtaki, me te whakahaere i te kaipuke me te teihana orbital.

faaineineraa Flight

Ka whiwhi te wheako e tika ana, mahi i taua mahi kanorau, ka haere tata ki te whāinga Valentin Lebedev. I roto i te 1969, ka whai wāhi ki te whakangungu motuhake kaipūkaha taiea. Tona poari tino Home hauora i muri i te whakamātautau tupato, me te tino o te vavā heke mai. tupu tenei i roto i nga taiepa o te whakahaere faaturahia, ka karanga te Institute o Biomedical Problems. I roto i te hononga ki tenei hui nui i roto i te ora o Lebedev, i ia ki te faataime ratou akoranga i roto i te kura o kaiurungi whakamātautau. I roto i te ako i ia ki te rangatira te whakamätau i toa "mig-15" me "Mig-21".

I muri faaineineraa kaha mō te rere wāhi (rite te roa rite te tārua) whakakitea Valentin V. hua pai kia e kakato i whakaurua i roto i te waka whenua.

Ko te Lebedev haere wāhi tuatahi

Tīmata ka mau te rere wahi i roto i 1973, i roto i te hotoke (Hakihea 18). ko Valentin Lebedev i te "Soyuz-13" waka ātea rite te mataaro rere. tohu tana karanga - "Kavkaz-2." i noho-poto te whati - e pā ana ki 7 ra, engari i he faufaa nui pūtaiao. Ko te take i rite rawa te kaipuke wāhi i ki te pūnaha hou o whātata o te waitohu "Tautoru-2", kua timata te whakawhetai atu ki te mahi ruruku o te taputapu hou me Engineers ngaio te kitea astrophysical tino faufaa o te tūāwhiorangi hihi katinga i roto i te korehau.

E rua tau i muri mai, i muri i tona rere tuatahi awhina Lebedev tona tuhinga i runga i te whakangungu waka mā te whakamahi i te tu whakangungu me ngā rautaki tohutohu e whakatairanga i te reira. tenei wa katoa ki te mahi i roto i "Energy" NGO tonu te vavā. PhD tuhinga whakapae, tīrama awhina e ia, tuku he parau hou, whakapai ake titiro i te whakangungu i mua i te haere ki te wāhi. Ko Rawa nui nga tikanga tino kiko o ratou iteraa: te rangi mita tūtaki wāhi tauranga, ara wāhi.

kaipūkaha rere ki te tohu karanga "Elbrus-2"

Te whati tuarua Lebedev, puritia i roto i 1982 i runga i te matatini wāhi i huaina "Soyuz T-5" (motu i ia, i reira nga he kaipuke pērā i te kaipuke utanga "Fakalakalaka" me te teihana orbital "Salyut-7"), tomo te Guinness Book o Records te roanga o te noho i roto i te wāhi (neke atu i te 211 nga ra). haere ki raro te rere i roto i te hītori e kore anake i roto i ngā o te roa, engari ano hoki e tika ana ki te meka i roto i tenei wa whakahaeretia Lebedev maha ngā ka whakatinana te hōtaka rangahau whānui. Faahiahia, e kore i tenei misioni rere kaipūkaha wehe ki te tohu karanga "Elbrus-2". I roto i te rere, spacewalks Lebedev ka noho ki reira mo runga i te rua nga haora. Ka rite ki te hua, ka whakawhiwhia e ia te ana'iraa o te cosmonaut kaiwhakaako-test o te piha haapiiraa tuatahi.

E te ara, wahi o te teihana orbital matatini "Salyut-7", hangaia hoki te rangahau pūtaiao, hauora, me te hangarau i roto i te korehau, ko te tauira hou i roto i tenei raupapa.

ngā pūtaiao faito ore

I roto i tona haerenga wāhi e rua i pā ana ki toru rau o ngā tika i roto i te mara ngā o te pūtaiao me hangarau kaipūkaha rere pūmanawa. He tokomaha o ratou i ahurei. Whanganga te hanganga o te kōhauhau tata te teihana, haamaramaramahia taumata wiri roto te wāhanga wāhi, nga tikanga faaineineraa o tauira koiora horomata. Na rawa, mo te wa tuatahi i roto i te aamu o astronautics i runga i te poari i te waka ātea ngakia whakato i huaina "Arabidopsis", kua oti nei te huringa whanaketanga oti.

I tua atu, ko reira taea ki te whakawhanake i te tikanga o te teihana wāhi mana motuhake "Salyut-7" i roto i te tikanga ki te kitea nukupapa me ngā hanganga pūtaiao i runga i to tatou paraneta. Ko te kupu i hoatu he tīwhiri i roto i nei aronga, ko te mea e tika ana ki te whakahaere i te rapu mo te hinu, hau me te putunga polymetallic i roto i te rohe Altai.

I muri i te rere, ki te mahi i roto i te tari hoahoa me te whai wāhi i roto i ngā mahi pūtaiao tonu Valentin Lebedev. Hei tauira, i roto i te 1985 awhina i te kaipūkaha tona tuhinga täkutatanga i runga i ngā whanaketanga huarahi, ngä nga mahi o ngā pūnaha orbital me te whakapiki ake i ō rātou kakama. kua meinga tenei mahi ki etahi tahae whānuitanga - reira whakaarohia Valentin V. ki te arotau i te mahi o te waka, te faaoreraa ia te reira o te ngā faufaa, a hanga whakatikatika ki te wāhi o te taputapu shooting.

Valentin Lebedev: vavā rātaka

I tua atu ki pepa pūtaiao (193), e tonu tango rite ratou pūtake nga ākonga o whare wānanga maha he takotoranga motuhake, i tuhituhi Valentin V. pukapuka. Hei tauira, "taku Ahu" me "Materials rere rangahau kaipūkaha." Otiia i hanga enei mahi mā te whakamahi i ngā rauemi o te rongonui "Diary o te vavā." Ko te ahurei o nga pūkete kihai i i ratou mo te tānga, engari noa ki te pouri i to ratou mau mana'o, me kare i runga i te pepa. Kei tahuri hoki ki te kāhua, fakamatala'i te kaipōkai ra i mua i te tīmatanga, te wā, me te he i runga i te poari i te teihana. oati taa'eraa homai e Lebedev ia tika i te aroaro i te rere. I roto i te reira, i korero ia e kore e ki te wera, e kore ki te he te hoa ki te tiaki ratou whakatau, me te kia hoatu mahi tonu.

O te akoranga, i reira he he wahi i roto i te rātaka, me nga mau mana'o e i te kaipōkai ki te whānau, te whaea. I waenganui i nga rārangi reira he he hiahia mo te whānau, me te ao. i roto i te record hoki ngā pārongo e pā ana ki te uaua tinana ki te urutau ki tikanga extraterrestrial: ohoroa, whakapairuaki, pāhoahoa tamau. He nga āhuatanga hinengaro kino - ko reira uaua ki te whakatū i whakapā ki te hoa no o ahotea putu.

"Diary o te kaipōkai" tuatahi ara ana te arai, me te whakaatu i te ora rā o enei iwi, o ratou whakaaro me mau mana'o. He tino haapiiraa mo te hunga hiahia i roto i ngā mahi i roto i te wāhi ēnei pūkete.

Kua kitea Awards toa

hanga cosmonaut Kōhure Lebedev Valentin Vitalevich he wāhi nui ki te wāhi, astrophysical, whakatere me rangahau arowhenua. pono whakatapua tenei tangata i tona ora ki te pūtaiao, e kore i taea e te āwhina engari riro maha ngā tohu, me te Tohu Hei. kihai ia i rapu i ki te riro i te rongonui, engari tika kounga teitei, me te ki te wairua o tona mahi. Hei tauira, ara i runga i tau faafaaearaa, e kore i taea e Valentin V. kia kahore te mahi - tahi ki ana ākonga, ka haere ia ki te āwhina i roto i te hanga o te kōrero o Bam, mo e riro ia i tetahi atu tohu - ". Hoki te hanga o Bam" te mētara I tua atu, ka whakawhiwhia te kaipōkai te taitara e whai ake nei me tohu o wehewehe:

• "Hero o te Union Soviet" (rua).
• Order tohu IV "hoki Kaiaka".
• Order o Lenin (e rua tohu).
• "No te maitai i roto i te tūhura o te wāhi" - he mētara.
• riro kaipōkai French te Order o te Rihiona o Whakahonoretia.
• Whakahonoretia Worker o Pūtaiao.

I tua atu, rite kua whakahuatia, whakarārangitia tona rere i roto i te Guinness Buka o Records, te Moscow cosmonauts Alley ko te māhunga o te mataaro pūkaha kororia rere, Valentin V. ko te tangata hōnore o maha pa Russian, i roto i ngā, Naro-Fominsk. Na kua whakaarohia NASA ki te hanga Lebedev tangata hōnore o te State o Texas mo te wāhi nui ki te whanaketanga o astronautics. I te pae hopea, tetahi o nga aorangi iti ingoa i muri i te pūtaiao pūmanawa - i hanga e te International Arorangi Union he whakatau.

Little e pā ana ki tona ora whaiaro

Ko tūmataiti Valentina Vitalevicha Lebedeva, he pūmau mea katoa - kua roa kua marenatia reira ki te wahine ataahua tata ki a ia e rua i roto i te varua, me i roto i ngā ngaio (he kaipūkaha hoki). Lyudmila Vitalevna, wahine vavā, he wā i whakatā i roto i te mana o te penihana. i whanau i roto i te 1972 he tama te tokorua - Vitaly V .. mahi ia rite te rōia.

Ko te tokorua Lebedev i te mokopuna me te mokopuna Anastasia Demid. ora Valentin V. me tona hapu i roto i Moscow.