Defense French i roto i te chess: he tātaritanga poto o te kahui whetu

ka karanga korero French te hawhe-tuwhera, rite te tuatahi tīmata nekehanga E4 - E6, te wahi e kore e Black hohoro ki te whakatuwhera o ratou hoia. Ko te mahi matua, ko te ki te faaineine i counterattacks tiakina D5 i runga i te tahuri tuarua. Nō tuatahi kia muri riro te rōpū o kaitākaro French i runga i hoariri i Ingarangi i roto i te tākaro kēmu i te reta. Ki te rā, te korero Wīwī ngā ako ka whakamahia i roto i te kēmu tino tino tohu.

Ka te ati matua mō te pango e taratahi episekopo tūranga c8. homai ana tēnei ara ki te raruraru hāngai hoki te hoariri: me te whakawhanake i ō rātou kaupapa White me te parururaa i takoto ki te tamata ki te kawe tona hono paruparu o te fifi.

tiaki French. kōwhiringa

He he maha o debuts nui, me te ratou peka, kei te āta ako me te whakawhanakehia te aropā katoa o runga grandmasters me take pūkenga chess. pango nekehanga Tuatahi whakakaha te K7 wāhi ngoikore, engari ngaro poto ratou toenga i runga i te raina pokapū. hāngai ana te aronga rautaki i runga i te kurumetometo pango whakaeke c5 tuwhena - K6 i muri i te puka ma te kaha mua i roto i te waenganui, a ka ki te pēhanga o te hanga whakangaromia. He tino nui ki te paturu i te whakaekenga o te tukinga i roto i te nekehanga tuatahi 20 ratou.

Kōwhiringa ki mā te whakawhitiwhiti

ētahi wā e hiahia ana White ki faaohie tūranga ranei tākaro i te Unuunu, na te kēmu kia noa ahakoa te meka e te nekehanga tuatahi whakarato ratou ki te mata iti. Black pai tenei kōwhiringa, kia rite ki to ratou episekopo i runga i c8 tuku nui ara. Haere ratou ki te wikitoria i roto i te rōpū, ka kia tino uaua. E rua tuatahi manga, i reira ka taea e White kitea he kaupapa nui, ki te he kore wā pango, me te tika te whakautu ki te arewhana whakaeke G6.

pūnaha Nimzowitsch

E ai ki te tahi mau pūrongo ko te timatanga i te takaro i te reira i roto i 1620 i te kaitākaro chess Itari Dzhoakino Greko noa i mua riro tuatahi tona ingoa reira tenei. I te mutunga o te rau tau XVIII timata reira mahi Louis Paulsen, engari he tātaritanga tonu o tenei tūranga i hanga Aron Nimtsovich. Grandmaster tuhia e akiakina ana nekehanga e5 te whanaketanga kouma o te hoiho ki te rōpū kingi, me te wahi roa te hanganga o te parirau katoa. Nimzowitsch konei tāpiri e ki te whakawhitinga o te pūmanawa whawhai ki D5 E6 haaparuparu i atu te tūranga o te tiaki o mangu i roto i te pokapū.

Heoi, ko te akoranga o te ma whakamutunga timata ki te ngaro whakauka. Tenei taea hoariri ki te whakarite i te korero pipiri, me te kōkiri ki te whawhai. Homai matua i roto i tenei tūranga o te rōpū kotahi tino pakeke. He maha manga o tenei tuatahi, hangaia e rangatira rongonui o te chess:

• tonu Kati Nimzowitsch,
• kōwhiringa B. Steinitz,
• whakaeke Paulsen
• tūranga Euwe et al.

pūnaha Tarrasch

White mau e pai ki te whawhai mo te pokapū, te nekehanga o te kaiaka ki te d2, ka mahue D4-kurumetometo te kahore tiaki. Tenei nekeneke takahi ana i nga ture o nga whika, rite mau te episekopo ma pouri-porowhā te i roto i tona muri ake. Heoi, fakapapau'i te hanga tika i roto i te rohe pokapū o te parae.

Nui theorist German Siegbert Tarrasch Chess toutou a pai takaro he putanga o te French Paruru mo White, na kei te whakahuatia e ia i roto i te kōwhiringa taitara. Mahi i te tau e whai ake nei, me te ōrite ki Anatoly Karpov V. Korchnoi, te wahi whakaatu te tetahi tuatahi kihai i riro kahore kēmu e taea Black whakaōrite i te tūranga o te akoranga 3 ... c5! I roto i te tupu Karpov takaro hoiho kore d2, me c3. Tenei tūranga he maha nui o manga hoki kua.

Ko te pūnaha L. Paulsen

e kore e tenei whanaketanga maukati episekopo C1, Kei te kaha whakawhanake i te kaiaka i runga i te queenside, hanga ake rawaka pēhanga i roto i te pokapū ki mangu. Robert Fisher, maha Aleksandr Alehin ko Vasily Smyslov haere ki tenei tūranga, me te angitu whakawhanakehia ratou tau. E rua tikanga matua Black - arewhana B4 K6 hoiho ranei. Ahua haere iti ki te akoranga whanaketanga o te korero ma ki te c5 nekehanga kurumetometo.

utua ngā aro te ki te pūnaha Paulsen tonu, i huaina "kē Vinovera» (1. E4 E6 2. D4 D5 3. Ki C3 B4). Kei te whakaaro te reira i te tino rongonui ki te rā. tuhinga Foreign fa'ufa'u ia he takoha nui ki te tātari o tenei tuatahi Botvinnik ko A. Nimzowitsch - noho te iwi i te rota o te kaha i roto i te whanaketanga o tenei aronga.

hiahia Black ki te kōkiri kaha ratou pawns i runga i te parirau ferzevnom muri pai hono i te c3 kaiaka ma. Tiaki o te rōpū ngoikore me te whawhai i runga i te kingside - te mahi matua mō ngā kiri. Botvinnik whakaaro e te korero French mō Black i roto i tenei türanga i te kaupapa matua. E ai ki a ia, he koi nui te korero, he counterchances e pēpēhia i te painga o te nekehanga tuatahi o White, ahakoa te meka e whai ratou ake haere noa, me te rua episekopo kaha. Ko te mate mo te whawhai e tau rererua pawns i runga i te raina "c". Black, i mohio reira ngāwari whakangaro te c5 painga tārere - C4.

korero French - te kēmu āhua-tuwhera, a kia tīpakohia reira kaitākaro manawanui e matau me pehea ki te kite i te ngoikore o te tūranga, me te wā counter o tou hoa tauwhainga.