Dendrites - he aha te mea tenei? Hanganga me te mahi dendridov

kiko Nervous tito o neurons me glia, mahi he raupapa o nga mahi tino matatini, me te nui: tuku hoki reira ponana hiko hemo, e e ka tuku ki te uaua, me whekau o te kararehe tangata ranei whai tuaiwi. Ko o hanganga motuhake nga pūtau o tenei kiko. E whakarato ana i te takanga e rua o te excitation me inhibition, me o ratou whakatinanatanga. I roto i Neuroscience kua te whakamāramatanga e whai ake nei: dendrites - tukanga reira o ngā pūtau io e kite, ka te tuku mōhiohio ki te tinana neuron. I roto i tenei pepa e tūhura tatou whakaaro o nāianei e pā ana ki te tikanga tuku o ponana karere i roto i te wahi nui o te pūnaha io: te roro, me te ua, me te ako i te hanganga o te dendrite, rite tetahi o nga wae o neurocytes.

Hoki tenei whakaaro tatou i roto i te taipitopito atu hanganga ngā neuron, ko reira te wae taketake o te kiko io.

Ka rite ki te hanganga neurocyte e pā ana ki ona mahi

Irahiko tikanga rangahau mōkitokito kua whakapumautia te pūnaha tuwhera pūrere tino motuhake me te mātanga koiora i huaina karere pūtau. Kei roto te reira i te tinana (Soma), kotahi i hira roa - me te plurality o pihi axon poto. hono takitaha o ratou te ki te cytoplasm o te tinana pūtau. Tenei dendrite. Te hanganga me te ahua o te töpü o ngā tukanga poto haamana'oraa o te karauna o te rakau. E ai ki a ia te tinana o te neuron roto i te synapse e tango moe, bioelectric i te tahi atu ngā pūtau io.

Wetewete me momo

E ai ki te histology rangahau hou, dendrites - he neurocyte mutunga branched kore anake manako, engari ano ki te tuku kōrero whakawaeheretia i roto i te puka o ponana hiko, i roto i te pūnaha maha-hongere ko anatomically me functionally ngā pūtau io tūhonohono. Kei roto ratou nui o nga organelles pūmua-synthesizing - ribosomes. Ētahi momo o ngā tukanga poto, pērā i neurocytes pyramidal, hipoki e te hanganga motuhake - tarakina.

E ai ki te whakarōpū whakaarohia e te neurohistology Spanish S. Ramon y Cajal, kia mou afe rua dendrite i te tinana io pūtau i roto i ngā tohutohu ritenga (neurocytes pourua). Ki te te rota o dendrites, mahuetanga ratou i te Soma radially. He āhuatanga o interneurons tenei hanganga. I roto i te cerebellar Purkinje pūtau i roto o te tinana hu'ahu'a neurocyte i te puka o te tahi. Ko rerekē i te manga tata o te nui o te tiaki hiko putu runga ia dendrite, tona hanganga toru-ahu.

I taua pā tukanga Pekanga io

Ko te tinana o te neuron ko te whakawhitihia ao, me te tango i te wa ano te ahanoa koiora. Volume (rawa raraunga taumai) he tika hautanga ki te maha o ponana karere taumai. E whakaritea ratou e te tohu o te pekapeka o te rakau dendritic. Na reira, dendrites - reira hanganga neurocyte e tākaro mahi integrative.

Ano, te tukanga o whakawhänui te rohe whakapā i waenganui i te pūtau io. Atu hanganga synapse taua i nga wa e faarahi te tōtika o ngā tari katoa kia rite ki te roro, me te ua, me te pūnaha io rite te katoa.

Ko te hanganga o te dendrite

Na roto i te ako whakatakataka mōkitokito o ngā pūtau io kitea e matou e te nuinga o ngā tukanga i te hanga porotakaroa. Ratou diameter toharite ko te 0.9 micron. rerekē dendrite roa whānui. Hei tauira, he poto (kaua e neke atu i te 200 microns) rakau dendritic manga neurons stellate o te mea hina o te uho haaparuparu, te mea ngā tukanga nekeneke neuron i roto i te haona mua o te ua, o te tikanga 2 mm o.

Motuhake mātauranga - tarakina i hanga i runga i neurocytes peka arahi ki te maha nui o synapses - kōrā tūru whakapā ki axon, dendrite Soma ranei o tetahi atu neuron. Ka taea te Kei Synapses i runga i te tinana o te dendrite e huaina kakau tika ranei ki runga ki ona tarakina. Ka rite ki ta tatou e matau kua, dendrites - konga rārātini neurocytes Ko te ahei o te fariiraa i te whakaongaonga. e hoki te tuku wahi i roto i enei biopotentials whakamahi pūhui matū rāpoi - kaitakawaenga, pēnei i acetylcholine, Kepa ranei. Ko te membrane uhi i te dendrite kitea katote takere, tīpakongia tīhiko konupūmā permeable, te konutai me te pāhare pāporo whai wāhi i roto i te wahi o ponana karere i roto i te neuron.

Ka rite ki mai ngā mōhiohio i roto i ngā pūtau io

I roto i te tuku o utu hiko whakakaupapa i te whakaongaonga me te inhibition, me ki he axon me whai wāhi dendrites. tukanga reira te neuron, e hanga synapses ki ētahi atu peka o te rakau dendritic o neurocytes. kitea empirically e dendrites he outgrowths o te cytoplasm pūtau, pani membrane. I roto i te reira i reira e ngoikore ponana hiko - moe mahi.

Ngā mihi ki te tukanga poto e tango kotahi pūtau io, me te whakawhiti e rave rahi mano ngātere hanga synapses. e kore te mea anake te mahi o dendrites tenei. tukatuka hoki ratou, ka whakakotahi i te mōhiohio e haere mai ana ki neurons, e whakarato ana te mana ture, me te faaohipa i te pūnaha io o nga okana katoa me te kopa o te tinana tangata.