Dzhon Uotson: biography, whakaahua John B. Watson

Dzhon brødes Uotson - ahua, u i roto i te hītori o mahi hinengaro. E kore e pera i mua, i te timatanga o te rau tau XX, ako te ao pūtaiao e pā ana ki wāhitau kē ariā. Katahi ia meinga tonu te rota o te tautohe i roto i nga porowhita e hāngai ana, engari tonu tonu ki te tupu. I te wa hakari he reira pea ki te whakatau ona muimuí, engari kua horapa te mana o te wāhitau kē ki tata katoa ngā wāhanga o te ora, a ka tonu tona hangarau ki te tono hurinoa.

tamarikitanga

whanau Dzhon Uotson (1878-1958) i roto i South Carolina, i roto i te pa iti o Travellers hapati. Tona papa, Paykens Watson arahina te ora whakarihariha, no te mea o te mea i tupu i roto i te whare e kore e tonu i mutu disorders me take he. arahina tenei ki te meka e 13 nga tau i muri i te whanautanga o tana tama i tona papa i waiho te utuafare. Ka rite ki te hua, mahue te tamaiti te whētuki aronganui hohonu. Ko te karakia rawa i te natura, i arahina nei ki ngā mahi tamariki-faaamuraa tino, rite pai rite te ngaro tata oti o haere noa o kōwhiringa mō te arata'iraa anō tona whaea Emma. A, ki te i 22, ngaro Dzhon Uotson tona whaea, he mea tino taea e te ao e kore kua e rongo o te taua kaimātai hinengaro taiea, rite matenui ia mo te tama a mahi te tohunga o.

tamarikitanga

I puta ia i roto i 1900, i te kura Kaiiriiri i te University o Fermanagh, mahue ia tona kainga, a haere ana ki a Chicago mo ratou mātauranga muri. tae Dzhon Uotson i te peka rohe o kaupapa, engari e tika ana ki te āhua o te whakaako, whakarerea ake e ia te kaitohutohu pūtaiao, me te kumea kanohi ki hinengaro. I muri tau 3 anake, ka awhina ia ia tona tuhinga täkutatanga i runga i te tumu parau o te whakangungu kararehe, hoki i whakahaere ia ngā maha i runga i te kiore. Haunga te meka e whakahaere ia ki te riro i te ākonga whakaotinga i te hītori o te institution, riro he tohu, he mea ano hoki te tuatahi nei i oti rawa te taua wheako mahi nui-tauine i runga i enei kiore. tāutuhia ana tēnei wāhi te wāhi mō te mahi anō e Hoani, ka na lahaga rangahau heke mai.

wāhitau kē

I muri e rua nga tau i te rā o te hoko i te tākuta o te pūtaiao Dzhon brødes Uotson i karangatia ki te upoko i te tari o te hinengaro whakamātautau i te University o Baltimore. Ia whakaae ngā, reira whakatuwhera ake ake me te ake whai wāhitanga ki te kia rumakina i roto i to ratou ake akoranga, me ngā. hono ana tēnei wā o tona ora kei ki te whanaketanga o te ariā i nei te ingoa o te pūtaiao i roto i nga meatanga o hītori. riro ia te kaituhi me te whai o te ariā o te wāhitau kē, e whakaahua ana ia i roto i te taipitopito i roto i tona Faaiteraa tika "Psychology i te hi'oraa o te behaviorist." tai'o ia reira nuitia February 24, 1913, he ra e taea te whakaaro te whanautanga o tenei rohe i runga i te tika. ta Watson ki te ao e hinengaro ko te pūtaiao tino whāinga e pā ana ki te mara o te pūtaiao māori. Ka tohea e ia tona mana nāianei, me te uara, e mea ana e hetia whakawhirinaki tona ako i runga i te ao roto o te tangata, ana whakaaro me mau mana'o. Te mea he tika kia ata ki te arotahi ki runga i te whanonga o waho, me te raraunga e taea mana aianei experimentally.

mahi pūtaiao

Nā ki te minamina ana o te ariā me tona whanaketanga muri, ko Dzhon Uotson i runga o te nui i roto i te hapori pūtaiao. nui haere tona utu te rua, nui haere te taiwhanga rangahau i roto i te rahi, me i ngā ākonga e hiahia ana ki te haere i te kauhau, i reira he kahore tuku. I te 1915 ka whakaritea ia ki te pou o te peresideni o te American Psychological Association. Ka taea te huaina enei tau te tino pokea ana o aronga wāhitau kē. Tānga rongonui pūtaiao, me te ka puta i roto i ngā whakaputanga, ka ētita ia i 2 hautaka pūtaiao. I roto i te 1914, whakakiia tona rārangi pukapuka te mahi tino nui "Whanonga: He Kupu Whakataki ki Psychology Comparative," i roto i nei mahara hei ahanoa o hinengaro paopao te tino. farii i tona ariā hoki tono mahi, a Watson ia rangatira te toi o te whakahaere whanonga tangata.

ora whaiaro

I whakaako i te University o te kaiwhakarewa o wāhitau kē marenatia tana ākonga Meri Ickes. Ahakoa te meka e i te tokorua e rua tamariki, e kore e taea e huaina angitu te faaipoiporaa. I roto i te 1920, te tahi atu weriweri o te kuao pūtaiao paetahi ākonga whakangaromia e kore te faaipoiporaa anake, engari ano hoki he mahi angitu katoa i, kua hanga e ia mo nga tau maha. kitea Wife taunakitanga o te tane reta whaiāipo me te whakaputa ia ratou i roto i te press, i meinga take tere. Mai i tenei i runga i, e kore o e whakaako e taea e kore pātai. he nui rawa te nui whakarere, engari ahakoa tenei, Rozaliya Reyner ko Dzhon Uotson, he whakaahua o nei aroaro te raro, marenatia tonu. Ka rite ki te hua o tenei faaipoiporaa, i angitu te tetahi o mua, whanau i rua atu Watson, tamariki e rua. mahue Rosalie tenei ao wawe rawa, i mua i te wahine o 23 nga tau. i tukua e Hoani he mate taimaha, engari tonu tonu ki te mahi. Heoi, kua i roto i te aronga paku rerekē.

pānuitanga

Ka rite ki te ākonga, i ia te wā ki te haere ki te taiwhanga, he kaitiaki, me te ara te hāwini, engari i roto i te heke mai, ko te reira te tiaki torutoru rawa iwi, no te mea kua meinga e ia te ao rongonui rite Dzhon Uotson - he kaimātai hinengaro. Tutukitanga ki he i takoha ia ki te titiro mō ngā wāhi hou mō te whakatinanatanga, me te whiriwhiri ia te hōkai mahi o tono o te matauranga riro. Hei kia motuhake atu, rau ia ki te matenga i roto i te pānuitanga. I roto i aua wa, i tenei rohe āhua hou e hiahiatia ana tūhuratanga taipitopito ki te kitea i roto i te whanonga o te tikanga mana o te kiritaki. A ko reira he tūranga pokapū i roto i te ahumahi o te hinengaro i tenei mana noho, na Hoani ki tona matenga rumakina i roto i te mahi pānuitanga. haamata ia, rite ki tetahi atu, i te raro, i roto i tetahi o nga pokapū o New York i raro i te mana o te Stanley Rizora. Fakataha ki te atu kaitono, haere ia wāhanga katoa o mahi, ara i roto i te noa'tu o tona matauranga nui, me ngā whakatutukitanga pūtaiao. Neke atu i te wa, wetekina ia ake, whiwhi pūkenga hou, me te tino rumakina i roto i te hinengaro hokohoko, te faaohiparaa i te tikanga o ratou ariā ki mahi. Na, te whakahaere ia ki whakatika ki te paetukutuku o Vice Peresideni o te kamupene, me ki te noho i roto i tenei tūranga mō te maha o nga tau.

Legacy Watson

Te mahi i roto i te ahumahi pānuitanga, tonu Dzhon Uotson ki whakakakahu ana ratou ariā pūtaiao i roto i te pukapuka. I muri i tona matenga, noho nga whakatupuranga heke mai o kaimātai hinengaro me pūkenga e rave rahi mahi, tae atu "wāhitau kē", "Te ara o wāhitau kē" me "tiaki tamaiti hinengaro." I roto i ana kau muimuí tino rongonui, e mahi i runga i te ariā atu, ka taea e tatou te wehe Burres Skinner, nei, tahi ki te whakahaere i ētahi atu hoa ki te whakatutuki i whakatairanga o wāhitau kē. Heoi, ko te ariā kua toutou kua waiho i raro ki te faaino nui, mo te wahi tino tika ki te meka e atu rite te taputapu coercive. I roto i nga tau o muri mai, kua riro tona ako ki te heke, ka mahue ko te huinga o te maha tikanga kahore, a ki te whakamahia i roto i te hokohoko, tōrangapū me ētahi atu ao i tenei ra.

Ko te tau whakamutunga o te ora me te mate

Rave rahi mau matahiti i muri i te matenga o tana wahine whakatau he kaiako o mua ki te haere atu i te mahi pānuitanga, ka noho i runga i te pāmu ata. He a ora i roto i ona ra whakamutunga o Dzhon Uotson. tapahia poto Haurongo o tona ora i roto i te tau 1958. He marama torutoru mua, te rōpū, i roto i nei ko ia peresideni kotahi ngā reira i roto i tona rārangi o ngā mema o te hōnore. kihai i te āwhina reira wareware te tawai, no te mea i tangohia i mua ia o tona mahi aroha, me te tika ki te noho etahi tūranga, na i roto i te taua tau i roto i i mahue ia i tenei ao, whakarite ia he ahi i roto i te iari, hoatu pepa pūtaiao maha mura. riro te reira i te paoro whakamutunga o te iti rawa etahi mahi Watson, engari e kore kua pa tenei mahi he ingoa, no te mea wāhi reira ki te hinengaro o Watson i hanga reira tetahi o nga pūtaiao tino kōhure o te rau tau whakamutunga.