E meinga Tata rua-hautoru o ngā take mate pukupuku i tupurangi "hapa" i roto i te DNA

Cancer pōreareatanga e hapa i roto i te DNA, ka kua kitea he ako hou e i roto i nuinga o te wā i te takanga o te mate pukupuku, e tino matapōkere enei hape. e kore e ratou meinga e predisposition ira āhuatanga taiao ranei, me te hua o rahunga tupurangi.

Ko te ako tenei a e whai wāhi nga hape irakētanga ranei ki te whanaketanga o te pukupuku oncological, no te mea kia arahi hapa DNA noa iti ki te meka e ka tini uncontrollably pūtau.

Scientists whakapono e whakapataritari enei irakētanga te nuinga e mea e rua: rānei te irakētanga he pūtake ira, kua meinga ai e ngā āhuatanga o waho, e taea tūkino DNA, pērā i paowa hikareti radiation hihi katinga ranei ranei.

Ko te toru o te tumu takoto i roto i te hapa tupurangi. tohe te pūrongo pūtaiao hou whakaputaina i roto i te buka aamu Pūtaiao, e tenei take mau ko e rua-hautoru o ēnei irakētanga. A, no te tuwhatuwhaia te pūtau, reira kape ona DNA. Na e ka whai nga pūtau hou ona putanga ake o te rauemi ira. Ko te wa katoa i reira ko te kape, riro te reira taea hoki te hapa muri. I roto i ētahi wā, ka taea e enei hapa arahi ki te mate pukupuku.

pūtaiao rangahau

"Kua whakaaturia Studies e ka whakawhanake pukupuku i roto i te tinana, ahakoa o nga pānga o te taiao", - ka mea kairangahau matua Dr. Bert Vogelstein, he maimoatanga matatini kairangahau mate Center Sidney Kimmel Cancer i Dzhona Hopkinsa University.

New pūtaiao rangahau pūtaiao whai ki te tātai aha ōrau o ngā take mate pukupuku i meinga e te āhuatanga tuku, te taiao me te hapa matapōkere. Kua whakawhanakehia Scientists he tauira pāngarau e ngā raraunga i te rēhita o te tūroro mate pukupuku huri noa te ao, me te tohu o te DNA whakaraupapa.

hapa tupurangi

kōrero te ako e pā ana ki 66% o mate pukupuku i meinga e hapa tupurangi 29% o mate pukupuku i rongo e āhuatanga taiao te ara he o te ora ranei. Na ko% 5 anake o ngā take o mate pukupuku te keu irakētanga heritable.

Ko te kairangahau mōhio e rerekē ahua tenei aromatawai i te hunga o te tahi atu pūtaiao e ako mate pukupuku. Hei tauira, ngā kaimahi rangahau UK mea e taea e 42% o te mate pukupuku te ārai e te huri i te āhua noho o tūroro.

I roto i te pepa pūtaiao tohe e te tahi mau huru o te mate pukupuku, hei tauira, pērā i te pukupuku roro me te repeure tata katoa faataa e hapa matapōkere. Kua kitea Scientists e meinga hapa matapōkere neke atu i 95% o ngā take e kua whakaaro i roto i te rangahau.

image ako whakairoiro

I tetahi o nga kairangahau whakairoiro whakamahia tae whero ki te tohu i te ōrau o pāpaka matepukupuku i roto i nga wahine. Mate pēnei ki irakētanga riro kei i runga i te taha ki maui. Ko te hunga e no ki te hapa tupurangi - i roto i te pokapū, me ki ngā āhuatanga taiao - i te taha ki matau.

Hoki ia tae tinana ko te ōrau e pā ana ki etahi āhuatanga, i ma (0%) ki whero (100%).

i tāutuhia pukupuku rite:

• B - te roro.
• BT - tōngāmimi.
• Br - uma.
• C - waha.
• CR - colorectal.
• E - pū kai.
• HN - pane me te kaki.
• K - tupu.
• Lee - te ate.
• LK - kanisā.
• Lou - te marama.
• M - tonapuku.
• NHL - lymphoma kore-Hodgkin o.
• E - ovarian.
• P - taiaki.
• S - puku.
• Th - te repe thyroid.
• U - kōpū.

Ko te mana o ngā āhuatanga o waho

E ai ki nga hua o te mahi o pūtaiao, mo etahi pukupuku tākaro he wāhi nui ngā āhuatanga taiao. Hei tauira, te pā tōraro o te taiao, meinga matua paowa 65% o te wā pūkahukahu mate pukupuku katoa. kitea nga kairangahau e meinga% 35 anake o ngā take mate pukupuku pūkahukahu e hapa matapōkere.

"Ko te irakētanga anake i roto i te pūtau he pea ki te meinga pukupuku," - ka mea a Vogelstein, korero ki te pūrongo pūtaiao rite e John Hopkins. " 'I hono kehé, te atu, i reira ko te irakētanga te nui te tūponotanga e ka riro i te pūtau mārere," - ka mea te tohunga.

Ko te huinga o ngā hapa DNA me ngā āhuatanga o waho

"Ko te kupu, ki te irakētanga i ngā hapa tupurangi rawaka meinga mate pukupuku, e whakawhanake iho i roto i ētahi wā", - ta Vogelstein. Ko, kia rite ki te kaiputaiao, i roto i te tahi atu wā, he huinga o ngā hapa tupurangi me te hapa meinga e āhuatanga taiao, te mutunga ārahi ki te pūtau mate pukupuku. Hei tauira, ngā pūtau kiri i te taumata taketake o irakētanga e tika ana ki ngā hapa matapōkere me te rongo ki te marama hihi katinga. "Ka taea e taua āhuatanga tāpiri atu ara irakētanga e arahi ki te mate pukupuku," - e ai ta Vogelstein.

E toru ngā take irakētanga i te taumata pūtau

Christian Tomasetti, Ahorangi Tuarua o Biostatistics i Johns Hopkins, whakahuatia e toru take irakētanga i runga i te tauira o te takanga o misprints, tūpono ka whakamahi i te papapātuhi. kia ētahi o enei errata te hua o te rohirohi rorona ranei typists. Ka taea te whakaaro ratou rite āhuatanga taiao. "A ki te i roto i te papapātuhi e whakamahi ana i te kaipatotuhi, kahore he kī, tenei take tuku" - ta Tomasitti i tona pūrongo.

"Otiia ara i roto i te taiao pai, kei hea he pai i tau iho te kaipatotuhi me kua whakamahia mahi pai te papapātuhi, ka typos tonu kia", - ta te kaipūtaiao. A ko reira te hapa matapōkere.

He aha e te rangahau mo te ārai o

He rautaki motuhake ārai mate pukupuku meinga e āhuatanga taiao āhuatanga ira ranei. No te tauturu i whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te mate pukupuku pūkahukahu, ka taea e te hikareti whakatane, me te wahine e i pāngia ki te mate pukupuku uma, kia huihui ki mastectomy prophylactic.

E ai ki nga kairangahau, e whakaaro enei rautaki ārai tuatahi te ara pai ki te whakaiti i te tahuti nei i te mate pukupuku. Ko te kaituhi mōhio e kore e taea tenei i te ārai tuatahi o mate pukupuku meinga e irakētanga matapōkere, engari tonu e taea te ārai tuarua te āwhina whakaora ora o te manawanui.

E ai ki te ako, pā ārai tuarua ki te kite wawe o te mate pukupuku. "Me matou ki te arotahi ki runga i te rapunga wawe, no te mea kahore te mea te tukanga he irakētanga e taea te karohia," - e ai ta ia i roto i te pūrongo Tomasitti.