"Gremyashchy" (kaipahua o te Tāruru Raki) i roto i te tau whawhai

I roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao, i ia take - ki te rererangi, kaipuke, a tae noa ki te hoia ohie, whai wāhi ki te korero o te whenua, a arahina ia ki te āwhiwhitanga o te Day Victory. e mea he e taea whakawhirinaki i runga i te hēramana ohie te kaipuke ranei? Pehea ratou e taea e arahi te whenua, me te ao ki te mutunga o te pakanga? pūkete nāianei, me te hītori whakaahua te toa, te itoito, me te marohirohi, kahore anake hoia takitahi me kaipuke, engari ano hoki wae katoa, me ope naval, tāke, me te rererangi. Ko te kounga ā-o te iwi rite i haere ai i runga i te tikanga, i kingi ai ratou.

Na te kaipahua "Gremyashchy" ki te kapa, ona mahi me mahi roaa ia he hoariri pāharakeke mo te taitara. He aha te momo o te momo o te kaipuke i huaina te kaipahua?

Kaipahua - he manuao p∂p∂ tauturu

Kaipahua, ano ka karanga te kaipahua, he reira he mahi-whakaaro maha whawhai-tere, i te mea te rite tino ki te whawhai ki mua, rererangi (i roto i te putanga hou me missiles), me kaipuke hoariri. Ko te mahi o nga kaipahua hoki ngā te tiaki me te korero o pāhia i naval, marau reconnaissance, tautoko puhipuhi i roto i te tauranga, me te pera i runga i.

"Gremyashchy" - tiaki kaipahua matua hoia ki te pakanga

I whakatakotoria tenei i runga i kaipahua Leningrad tipu № 190 i raro i te tau C-515. E toru nga tau i muri mai, i oti te whare, ka tangohia e ia te Whero Banner Baltic Fleet ki tona tokotoko. E rave rahi marama i muri mai, te kaipahua "Gremyashchy", e i taua wa i whakahaua te A. I. Gurin, me te kaipahua "kuru" whiti te White moana-Paratiki Canal, a tae i Kronstadt ki Polar.

I roto i te Pakanga Finnish i mahi "Gremyashchy" maha nga wa i te mahi o te tautiaki me mahi hūhunu, me te mo te tiaki o pāhia i waka.

I roto i te Noema 1940, ko te kaipuke i roto i te ratonga pūtāhui me te hanga, i roa noa Mei 1941. Na te kaipahua te aroaro o te timatanga o te Pakanga nui Patriotic i roto i te huru pai.

"Gremyashchy" kaipahua i 1937, i roto i nga ra wawe o te whawhai

I roto i te hawhe tuarua o te po Pipiri 22, 1941 , te tāruru Northern kua kua whakamōhiotia. "Clattering" i whakahau ki te haere tonu ki te ngutu Vaenga o te Arctic. I tenei wāhi, āwhio Pipiri 23 kaipahua te whakaekenga i rererangi Tiamana, me te ra i muri ka haere ia ki tona pakanga hōia tuatahi, convoying kaipuke waka i Murmansk ki Titovka wahi koperea iho te rererangi hoariri.

Tae noa te waenganui o Akuhata 1941 te kaipahua i "Gremyashchy" Northern Fleet i Vaenga, hanga ope wā ki te moana. Heoi, i roto i tenei wa i taea ki te whakaata neke atu i te 20 whakaeke i te rangi ia.

E August 18, ka oho te kaipahua ki a Murmansk, te wahi i reira ko tetahi whakapakari o ona patu anti-rererangi: he repo 45-mirimita tāpiri te tahi mau pu 37-mirimita.

August 22 submarines Tiamana me rererangi ka whakaekea te kaipuke whaea wae hoariri "Maria Ulyanova". I roto i tona kaipahua korero "Gremyashchy" i tonoa, me nga marae, "Kuibyshev", "Uritsky" me te rōpū kaipuke "Storm". I roto i tenei whawhai, i te waka o "Gremyaschi" whakamatauria ki te waiho i te rōpū whawhai pūmau, maia me te mātanga. kotahi "Junkers" i koperea iho me te tahi atu i pakaru kino. Heoi, riro ia kaipahua kino iti piti 15 anake mita atu 8 poma i tona taha. Otira wha ra i muri i hanga whawhati tata e whai ake nei i te rārangi waka i te moana tahi e "Gremyashchy".

Kaipahua katoa o Mahuru marama i te tāuta i maina me wha anake nga wa i roto i te moana tuwhera mō te pupuhi i runga i ngā taumata hoariri whenua. I roto i tenei wā, whakapumautia ia neke atu i te 190 meneti, a hua e pā ana ki 300 nga matā.

Tae noa te mutunga o 1941 "Gremyashchy" shuttled i waenganui i nga turanga i Murmansk, te Arctic me Vaenga whakahaere tonu patua i runga i ngā tūranga hoariri. Ko te kaipahua mahi tino faahiahia i roto i te tuatahi o nga marama o te whawhai - te matā Varde tauranga i roto i Norway i runga i Noema 24 po. 6 meneti i muri mai, tukuna ia 87 rauna, ka hoki ora atu ki te pātengi raraunga Rēhita, kihai i whara i roto i te whakautu ahi.

I roto i te tamataraa hou tau tonu

Ko te kaipahua "Gremyashchy" Northern Fleet February 21, 1942 pūhia i runga i ngā tūranga hoariri i roto i Norway 121 tītere.

Na roto i te puna o 1942 tahi te kaipahua i na 11 Allied pāhia i. ka mau marau kaipuke katoa wahi i roto i ngā takiwā makariri uaua. Hei tauira, i Maehe 14 kaipahua i te huka o te Moana Te Tai Tokerau ki te patu i German submarine toru utu hohonu. He Maehe 22 i arahi tetahi tira ko ia i roto i te tupuhi kaha. kaipuke Transport me kaipuke ārahi i marara i roto i ngā tohutohu rerekē. i tukua e ia a "Gremyashchy" - he kaiwhakangaro o ngaru moana patua te maha o whara nui. E rua nga ra i muri i hanga e ia te reira ki tona turanga ki te whai March 28, me ki te kaipahua "kuru" me te kaipuke Ingarihi "Oribi" ki te hoatu ki te moana mo te hui i muri o te kaipuke tira utanga e haere mai ana i te UK.

Te ra i muri mai, i patua te tira me te ārahi i kaipuke hoariri, i pai nei i āraia atu. Ko reira tatari tetahi ohorere. Maehe 30, 1942 i te tomokanga ki kola Bay i kitea e te waka ruku te hoariri. "Gremyashchy" i tere tiketike ki te wāhi o te raruraru hoariri, a maturuturu iho ki te utu hōhonu te wai 17. Ko angitu te whawhai: i muri i te wa poto i reira i te otaota i runga i te hinu mata moana patipati me te putea o te rangatira Tiamana. Ka rite ki tahuri reira i roto i muri, i whakangaromia te waka ruku German U-585.

I roto i te katoa o April marama tonu haere te kaipahua ki te moana ki te ārahi i pāhia i. I roto i tenei take, i tuhia kotahi maiki kino. I te mutunga o te marama "Gremyashchy" ki "kino" ka mau ki te tiaki o te cruiser Ingarangi "Edinburgh", i whakaekea e te waka ruku Tiamana. i takoha Night May 1 kaipahua ki hoki ki te turanga ki te whakakī anō. I te rua o nga ra, "Gremyashchy" hoki ki te cruiser, engari ko reira te mutunga rawa: "Edinburgh" i totohu e kaipuke Tiamana.

Mai i Mei ki te mutunga o Hune, e kore tona te kaipahua Soviet "Gremyashchy" pangia tata'iraa i runga i te tau turanga tere 104 tika faaafaro ake, engari puta ke a täpirihia te rākau o te riri. I roto i te tukanga, tata nga ra i ki paruru i atu patua o rererangi hoariri. Na, i runga i Hune 15 i te huaki rangi i muri i runga i te toa hanga anti-rererangi kaipahua koperea iho e toru rererangi, me te kino ano take.

whakahou

I muri i te hanga, tonu te kaiwhakamate ki te ārahi i kaipuke utanga, whakaata tonu nga marau i te rererangi hoariri.

Mai te mutunga o August - timatanga o Mahuru 1942 "Gremyashchy" kei runga i herea i Murmansk, kua wahi kua tomo te reira i roto i te pūnaha rangi korero. Te rima o Mahuru Carriers onboard kaimahi, me kaitiaki rohe whakatuwheratia ahi i runga i te rōpū toa hoariri rere ki pahūtia te pa o Murmansk. I roto i te whawhai koperea pūhiko anti-rererangi o te kaipuke ki raro toru rererangi, engari e kore e kua te kaipuke ano i pakaru, ahakoa riri maira he maha o neke atu i te 12 poma.

Puta noa i te katoa o Mahuru marama i ahau maha whawhai "Gremyashchy": ka awhina kaipahua te tira Soviet me Allied kaipuke. Ko te kino nui ki te kaipuke tahuri i kore e matā hoariri me te anga, ke te mea e, a i te huānga moana. whiwhi tonu ia i roto i te mau vero, i muri i nei whakauaua tiki ki te turanga tata hoki hanga. Hei tauira, i runga i Oketopa 21, ka eke te kaipahua ki te tupuhi, no te mea o nei ngaro wahi o tona taputapu me te rahinga o te matā. I roto i te mutunga o Oketopa, patua ia ano te hau, 7 ki te hukarere i te hau, a ka waipuke te kaipuke te take mārō o te wai. Ko te oko timata i rekereke 52 nekehanga, nga kohua i taraiwa tuatahi, me te tuatoru ka anga ki te kore. Na reira, i akina te kaiwhakamate i ki te hoki te āta ki turanga, reira tape'ai te mataara.

taitara kaitiaki

Maehe 1, 1943 te kaipahua "Gremyashchy" tahi ki tona kauhoe mo e whakaatu ana itoito me te toa i whakawhiwhia te taitara o tiaki.

Tae noa i te hanga ko te mutunga o April 43rd kaipuke, e whakaata ana neke atu i te tekau tau i mua i taua marau hau. I roto ia ratou ko te take ke, ka i koperea te rererangi ki raro i te Russian ki tohu tautuhi o momo unknown.

Mai i Mei ki Pipiri ārahina tiaki kaipahua tahi waka tira, i repulsing nga whakaeke o "mōkihi wuruhi" o mua German.

I roto i te ngahuru o 1944 "Gremyashchy" i roto i te kaipuke kawea tautoko ahi mo nga ope atu o te Karelian mua.

Me pēhea te ki te kaipuke karanga, na ka rewa reira

Ko te kaipahua "Gremyashchy" i roto i te whawhai i pono roaa tona ingoa. i mahi ia neke atu i te 90 misioni whawhai whakaritea ki a ia te kupu nui rawa, ko e pā ana ki 60 mano maero. whakaorangia kaipahua 112 rangi te hoariri whakaeke, koperea iho 14 me tino whara neke atu i te 20 rererangi, pai arahi e pā ana ki 40 uniana me 24 o matou pāhia i, totohu kotahi ka meinga kino ki rua submarines Tiamana, pinepine o nga wa pau matā tauranga hoariri me ngā tūranga. Na e te tika mo te e pā ana, raraunga tuhia.

I roto i te raumati o te tau 1945 riro te Kāpene A. I. Gurin taitara tiketike o Hero o te Soviet Union.

i muri i te wikitoria

I te tau 1956, ka ara te kaipahua ringa, a ka meinga e ia te kaipuke whakangungu. Na ka peia e ia o nga tau i te rua, i te Navy. Ko te kaipahua "Gremyashchy" o 1941-1945, haere i runga i tau faafaaearaa, a ka whakakapi ia i te kaipuke hou hou anti-submarine o te taua ingoa, i tonu te whakarerenga iho kororia o te kaiwhakangaro rongonui o te Northern Fleet Soviet.

tawhā Hangarau o te kaiwhakangaro "Gremyashchy"

Ko te kaipahua "Gremyashchy" nei whakaahua e taea e matou te titiro i runga, kua he kaha o 48,000 horsepower me te displacement o 2380 taranata, he roa o te 113 me te 10 mita te whānui. Ko te tere mōrahi o te oko - 32 knots, ina tauihi ana ngā ki aratau eco - neke atu i te 1,600 maile. i kaipahua Armed wha pu 130-mirimita, e rua 76.2-mm me wha 37-mm repo me pū mīhini māhanga wha, e rua ngā mōtā me korere tōkiri rua. I tua atu, whakanohoia ana e ia ki runga ki te papa i te kaipuke 56 meneti, e pā ana ki 55 anga hohonu o rerekē te rahi o. ngā te waka o 245 iwi oko.

Ko te hua o te arotake

E ai ki nga pūkete o rangatira Tiamana me hoia o te Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, kua patua tonu te kaipuke Soviet ratou e kore e pera te nui o nga āhuatanga hangarau o pū kia rite ki te itoito o te kaipuke, me rangatira e taea te whawhai i roto i tetahi o nga tikanga Faitatau ko raro i te momo o huru.

Na tona ingoa teimaha maha nga tau o te ohipa whawhai roaa "Gremyashchy" ki te tiaki me te paruru i to tatou whenua i te whakaekenga hoariri. I roto i te kaipuke Russian hou i runga i patu kaipuke, o te akoranga, he kaipuke atu mātanga atu oko o 1941-1945. Heoi, ko te wairua o nga whakarerenga iho hōia noho te taua.