He aha te mea he antigen? Paturopi me antigens

I roto i te tinana, te faaiteraa o te whakautu ārai me te antibody taunekeneke antigens. Heoi, i roto i etahi huru kia häpaingia te muri he āhua o pera-ka karanga irresponsibility motuhake - kātakí. whai wāhi paturopi me antigens ki te hanganga o te mahara immunological. Next, whakaaro te momo tuarua o matū. I roto i tenei tuhinga kitea tatou i roto i te mea i te antigen.

Overview

He aha te mea he antigen? Mämä noa iho, he reira te tikanga pūhui ke. Ēnei ngā waikawa karihi, polysaccharides, pūmua me o ratou complexes. A, no te huri i te whakarerekē matū o waerau tūturu taea te rite "conjugated" taonga. kia kia hanga e taua pūhui i runga i te pūtake o te pūmua e no tika ki te kaiwhiwhi. taonga Autologous denatured e te tikanga matū tinana ranei, ano e taea te tahuri ki te antigen.

whakamāramatanga

Ko te biopolymers tinana analogues waihanga ranei ona e taea tomo nehenehe o eliciting te whakautu ārai. Enei pūhui e huaina antigens. whai wāhi ratou ki te whanaketanga o ngā pūtau effector āhua thymic. Puta i runga i te papamuri tīmata paturopi tauhohenga ārai ki te taunekeneke ki antigens motuhake ranei pūhui matū he hanganga rite. Ki te kore ratou e whakapataritari he whakautu paruru, e huaina ratou haptens. whakapataritari ratou kātakí immunological. Ko te kaha ki te e tohe i te whakautu paruru he polypeptides waihanga mahi rite antigens pūmua. Heoi, kōwhiri kia kia rite ki taua o tetahi pūhui ngā pūmua te hanganga tuatahi, me te mokowā. He whakaatu tauwehe nui āhuatanga antigenic o enei matū ngā i roto i te hanganga o te hanganga mokowā o te whatanga. I roto i tenei whakaaro, e kore e waerau i hanga i tetahi waikawa amino (homopolymers) i te āhuatanga o eliciting te whakautu ārai. Ko te polypeptides antigenic i te kaha ki te puta, te hanganga o nei e whai wāhi te 2 waikawa amino.

pātai rangahau

He aha te mea he antigen? karanga immunology Classical tenei taonga te pūtau katoa o te kararehe takenga kitakita ranei. Heoi, e kore te mea pono i te wāhi matū o tirohanga tenei. Whakahuatia i runga ake, e ko he antigen ia se. e kore te mea he pūtau i roto i nei i reira e he maha nui o waikawa karihi, pūmua, polysaccharides tenei. antigens tangata whiwhi i roto i te puka e purea ana, e taea te whakamahi ki te e tohe i te whakautu ārai. Ko te kupu ka waiho reira motuhake mo te Biopolymer ngā. Whakaaro i te hanganga o te antigen pure i roto i te takitahi, i tetahi huinga kia whakaahuatia o reira rite te whānau o pūhui motuhake. kia whakamahia ai tenei wā ka faahiti ki māhorahora aggregating etahi Biopolymer. Tauira e etahi antigens o wheori huakita ranei. Ko te kupu, Ka taea e contractile pūmua flagella Gram microorganisms kino o te flagellin puninga Salmonella e kitea e rua i roto i te polymerized me puka monomeric. A i roto i wā e rua kia häpaingia te antigen te hanganga o paturopi, ahakoa te meka e te tikanga mo tenei e rerekē. I roto i ngā, i te timusonezavisim polymer fellagelina me te waetahi - timusozavisim.

Communication ki te taimaha rāpoi

Tāuta taea anake te whakaritea reira ki tetahi piha o matū. Hei tauira, e pā ana te reira ki ngā pūmua he nga hanganga tuarua, me te tuatoru taua: fibrillar me flare. I roto i te wā, pērā i he reira taea ki te whakatū i te hononga tika i waenganui i te kaha o te waerau ki te e tohe te hanganga o paturopi me tona taimaha rāpoi. Tenei tauira, Heoi kahore he tino,. I roto i te tahi atu mea, tei reira ki runga ki te tahi atu āhuatanga pūhui, e rua matū me te koiora.

Ko te tohu o te whakakitenga o te āhuatanga

ka whakawhirinaki kaha o nga āhuatanga antigenic o te pūmua i mahi rite te piha tino whānui, me te whai kiko i runga i te tohu o te tawhiti kunenga i roto i te kaituku i nei te pūhui whiwhi, me te kaiwhiwhi e whakahaerea ai ki nei. Tika tātaritanga whakatairite e anake i roto i te take, ki te te momo taua whakamahia i roto i te aro mātai o te taonga. Hei tauira, ki te ka atu korerotia serum albumin kiore, me te tangata kano kiore, i runga i te whakautu tuatahi. Ki te te āhuatanga te Biopolymer e nui haere te tūtohutanga ki te wāhinga, ka waiho ona āhuatanga iti korerotia atu e o te taonga whakaahua ātete nui ki paparetanga enzymatic. Ko te kupu, i roto i te take o te whakamahi o polypeptides waihanga conjugates pūmua rite antigens ranei, ake korerotia e waiho te whakautu ki te taonga i roto i nei te hanganga ngā waikawa D-amino kore-taiao. hoatu te tūranga hira i roto i te whakakitenga o te urupare ārai te tohuira o te kaiwhiwhi.

rōpū tokoingoa

Ēnei whakaaro tohu Biopolymer rāpoi, he orotahi waihanga ona, he antigen conjugated e kua mohio e B lymphocyte receptors antigen-here me paturopi ranei. Ko te rāpoi ngota he tikanga hakari rōpū tokoingoa rave rahi rerekē i roto i te hanganga. Ia o ratou e taea te rave rahi taime tukurua. Ki te te pūhui o te rāpoi ngota anake he hakari ki te hanganga motuhake kotahi rōpū, e kore te hanganga o paturopi ki reira ka puta. I roto i te tukanga o te whakanui ake i te pūnaha ōrite ka tupu me te whakautu ārai ki a ratou. Heoi, ka haere tenei tukanga ki te wāhi etahi, i muri nei e peka reira, a kia kore tino e kitea i muri. Kua tēnei āhuatanga, kua whakawakia i roto i te whakamahi o antigens conjugated ki ngā substituents, e mahi ana i te tokoingoa rōpū mahi. Ko te ngaro o te whakautu ārai ki biopolymers ki kiato epitope tiketike he tika ki te huarahi o te faaitoitoraa o lymphocytes i te rōpū.

antigen Carcinoembryonic

Ko ia tetahi o nga momo o pūmua o kiko noa, i roto i te iwi hauora whakaputaina i roto i te rōrahi iti o etahi o nga pūtau tinana. KMO i runga i to ratou hanganga matū ko te pūhui o te warowaihā me te pūmua. Tona whakarite i roto i ngā pakeke he unknown. Heoi, i roto i te puka fetal reira rawa inarā synthesized whēkau o te pūnaha kūnatu, i te whakaminenga nui nui mahi. ana ratou ki te whakaongaonga o wehewehenga pūtau. antigen Carcinoembryonic kitea i roto i te kopa o te whekau kūnatu, engari i roto i ngā rahinga feunga iti. Taitara o te tohu puku i roto i te wahi faaite tona natula koiora, engari te nuinga o nga āhuatanga katoa i he mahu'inga i roto i te ako taiwhanga. Ko te wā "kukune" hono te ki te mau tamataraa whaiaroaro i roto i te whanaketanga i roto i te wā prenatal, "antigen" tohu te taea o te tautuhi o ona fluids koiora te whakamahi i te tikanga honohono immunochemical. I roto i tenei take, tika ki te tinana, e kore e whakaatu i te reira i tetahi āhuatanga. Tikanga, i roto i te rauropi hauora he feunga iti KMO kukū. Ki te whakamārama o te tukanga pukupuku ona piki taumata tino koi, pa he mahi tika nui. I roto i tenei whakaaro, Kei te āhuatanga i reira rite te tohu kiko o pathologies oncological, puku tohu ranei.

KMO

Tātaritanga o antigen tono i roto i te tātaritanga o ngā malignancies, te nuinga tōu mate pukupuku, me te kopirua. kawea te ako i roto i roto i te tīmatanga o pathologies i te aroturuki i te akoranga o te mate, me te aroturuki i te tōtika o wawaotanga whakaora. Ki te whakamārama o te kopirua me mate pukupuku tōu whakamātautau e faikehekehe tūtohutanga tiketike. āhei te reira ki te whakamahi i te reira i roto i te tātaritanga tuatahi. I muri i te mahi angitu ki te tango katoa te kukū puku kiko o KMO tāwhana hoki he mōrahi o e rua nga marama. whakamātautau auau muri tukua te aromatawai o huru o te manawanui i muri i te fariiraa i maimoatanga. Haurapa o ngā taumata tiketike o KMO taea tāututanga wā o te mate recurrent. Na roto i te whakaiti i te ihirangi o te antigen i roto i tohunga therapy faaoti i runga i te whai huatanga o ngā pānga haumanu.

Te whakanui ake i te kukū o KMO: awhe pathologies

Heoi, e kore te te whakamātautau whakaaro mō pukupuku tino motuhake. Te whakanui ake i te taumata o KMO taea te kite ki te papamuri o tini o nga mate o nga whekau ki te āhua inflammatory, me te tahi atu. I roto i te 20-50% o tūroro ki pathologies Koló taiaki, whēkau, pūkahukahu me te ate o te piki antigen kukū paku. kitea ana te taua i runga i te whakamārama o te cirrhosis, kakā, colitis ulcerative, kakakīrehe whēwhē, emphysema, Bronchitis, mate a Crohn, pancreatitis, kakā, mate autoimmune, kohi. I tua atu, i te taumata o te hua e kore ai e mate here, a, hei tauira, he rōpū auau o te waipiro e paowa ranei.

Āhuatanga o te Toto huhu

Ko te matua o ratou ko te pū, me te nohoia tangatatanga antigens ngeniwhero. A, no te biopolymers incompatibility kaiwhiwhi me te kaituku huhu toto te tino rāhuitia. Te kore mooni ko tukanga pathological me ara te mate o te manawanui. Nga immunogenetics whakamātautau me te ako o whero antigens pūtau toto mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga o whakamātautau serological. Ko ētahi o ēnei, i roto i ngā, ngā hemolysis tauhohe, rerenga, agglutination. ira ngeniwhero kanohi i roto i te puka o macromolecules Biopolymer matatini. kohikohi ratou i roto i te stroma (anga) me tūhono ki te tahi atu rāpoi o te pūhui. Hoki ia āhuatanga motuhake o te hanganga matū takitahi, me te hanganga o tona ake.