He aha te mea te wera o te tauhohenga

Ahakoa te mōhio ki te wā "hāwera paerewa o te hanganga" puta i roto i te nuinga o nga mau haapiiraa o te matū, Heoi, kua whakamahia te reira atu whānui. Ko reira pakeke ki te whakaaro tetahi ruri o te mahi, e kore e kua whakamahia i tēnei āhuatanga.

Ko te tauira o noa etahi o ratou, e te mea e tika ana ki te mohio he aha te mea te wera o te tauhohenga Here. I tēnei wā, kei te whakawhanake i te ahumahi pereoo i te tere whakaharahara: te maha o mihini faarahi e rave rahi taime i ia tau. I roto i tenei take, i te puna pūngao matua hoki ratou he penehīni (ko tonu te whanaketanga kē i roto i tona iteraa anake i roto i te torutoru Momo). Hei whakatika i nga ope wahie e whakauru whakamahi tāpiritanga motuhake e whakaiti te kaha o te detonation. He tauira a Tūrongo - monomethylaniline. Ki runga ki te taenga tatau wera o te tauhohenga, i roto i tenei take, ko te nei -11-19 kJ / mol.

Tētahi atu wāhi o te tono - ahumahi kai. Te kore te feaa, te tangata nei utua whakarongo ki te tohu pūngoi o te hua. I roto i tenei take, te wera calorific o te tauhohenga, ka pā hāngai mai te wera tukua i roto i te piti hāora o te kai. Te huri i tō kai e hāngai ana i runga i enei raraunga, e taea ana ki te whakatutuki i te whakaiti nui i roto i te taimaha tinana. Ahakoa te meka i whanganga te wera o te tauhohenga te i roto i joule, Calories, a i waenganui ia ratou i reira he he hononga hāngai: 4 J = 1 kcal. te nui tata (taimaha) te nuinga o te wā i whakaritea i roto i te pā ana ki te kai.

Kia inaianei tahuri tatou ki te ariā, me te hoatu i te whakamāramatanga. Na reira, tohu te pānga ngāwhā te nui o te wera fakatau'atāina'i whenumi e te pūnaha, te rere i roto i reira ranei tukanga matū. kia whanau te reira i roto i te ngakau e i roto i te tua ki te radiation wera kia hanga ai. Ko te numera rite ki te rerekētanga i waenganui i nga taumata pūngao o te pūnaha hāwera Paerewa o hanganga: te tuatahi, me te wäriu. Ki te puta te tauhohenga ki te takanga mai i te wera i te taiao, ka korero matou o te tukanga pauwera. Nä, te tuku i te pūngao wera exotherm āhuatanga. Ko ratou rawa ngāwari ki te wehewehe, ki te te uara o te pūngao katoa tukua rite ki te hua o te tauhohenga, he nui atu i pau mo tona timatanga (hei tauira, te pūngao ngāwhā o te wahie tahu), tenei exotherm. Ko hoki whāwehe wai ki hauwai me te waro me te haukino tika ki te whakapau anō pūngao mō te whakawera, na mau reira tona absorption (endothermy).

Tātaihia te wera o te tauhohenga mā te te whakamahi i tātai mohiotia. I roto i te tātaitanga, denoted te pānga ngāwhā e Q (DH ranei). Ko te rerekētanga i roto i te momo o te tukanga (endo EXO ranei), kia e Q = - DH. whārite matūrewarau amo te tohu o te pānga ngāwhā me tauhohenga (pono, me te tātaitanga whakamuri). Ko te taa o enei whārite i roto i te taea o te neke nui o ngā pānga waiariki me matū ratou i roto i ngā wāhanga rerekē. Mahalo he tangohanga termwise tua ranei Tātai ratou, engari ki te āhua o te whakawhāititanga o matū.

Tenei ko te tauira o tauhohe o mewaro parariraa, waro, hauwai:

1) te CH4 + 2O2 = CO2 + 2H2O + 890 kJ

2) C + O2 = CO2 + 394 kJ

3) 2H2 + O2 = 2H2O + 572 kJ

Na tango 2 me 3 o te 1 (taha matau o te matau, mahue - i te maui).

Ka rite ki te hua, whiwhi tatou:

CH4 - C - 2 H4 = 890 - 394 - 572 = - 76 kJ.

Ki te nga mongamonga katoa whakanuia e - 1 (tango uara tōraro), whiwhi tatou:

C + 2H2 = CH4 + 76 kJ / mol.

Ka taea e te aha kotahi hoki hei whakamaori i te hua? Ko te pānga waiariki e puta i roto i te hanganga o te mewaro i te waro me te hauwai, ko 76 J ia kamiriona o hau hua. i hoki nga tātai e te pūngao waiariki ka e tukua, e ko, e korero tatou e pā ana ki te tukanga putawera. Ka taea e tātaitanga rite te karo i te hiahia mō ngā taiwhanga tonu e te hunga maha uaua.