He ara tāwhaiwhai o tuku - ko te tuku o te tukumate i roto i ngā pūrere hauora parenteral ki whawhe whakaora, me te tātaritanga

Na puta rongoā hangarau e kore anake rite fantastic kore ingoa. e te mea he, ki te whakamārama o te poto hauora whakamanamana mate manawanui tika ki ngā hanganga ture-kore ki te ture hauora i roto i te fare ma'i ki kia roa wareware. He aha te he ara haavare o te mate kei roto i to tatou wa whakauka whiwhi haumaru? He aha i roto i ngā hōhipera me ngā hōhipera whare kōhanga e tonu "haere" staph, kakā, HIV? tatauranga maroke kī e te auautanga anake mate ero i roto i ngā hōhipera nui haere e 20%, i te rahi o te 22% i roto i te kaha tari tiaki i roto i nga tau tata nei, i roto i te pokanga ki 22%, i roto i te mimi i te 32%, i roto i te gynecology 12% i roto i ngā hōhipera ( 33%).

Whakamārama, ko te aratau tāwhaiwhai o tuku - ko te mate tāwhaiwhai tangata pera-ka karanga i roto i ngā hōhipera te nuinga mō ngā tukanga urutomo tenei. Te aha te mea e uru iwi ki te hōhipera mō te maimoatanga o te mate, i roto i te tua mate i reira etahi?

mate tūturu

Ki te momo katoa o whai wāhitanga ki te hopu i te mate, huarahi tuku o papapūata i te o hauora manawanui tika rua:

1. ti'aturi i runga tautukunga i te tikanga takitahi me nga ture o te akuaku Natural.

2. He horihori a hauora he aratau haavare o te tuku ranei. Ko tata tino ti'aturi i runga i te tautukunga o ratou mau ohipa kaimahi hauora tenei tikanga.

Ki te tūturu ara whakataki o tukumate kia puta i te whakapā ki te taiao tangata pathogenic. Te ara o te mate:

-Air-maturuturunga, arā te tihe, te maremare, korero (rewharewha, kohi);

-fekalno-waha, i.e., paru ringa, te wai, me te kai (wahi gastrointestinal mate hopuhopu);

Pūrere-titi (tūāwhiorangi rawa whanui o mate, tae atu paipai, kiri, helminthiasis, kirika, diphtheria, me pinepine o ētahi atu).

Mīharo, tika kia taea e koe te hopu i tetahi mate, uru hoki maimoatanga i roto i te fare ma'i.

mate horihori

I roto i te pūtahi hauora, i reira e rua ara matua o te mate o te tūroro, te āhuatanga hei aratau tāwhaiwhai o tuku. Ko ratou:

1.Parenteralny, e pā ana e te ana ki te takahi o rakau kiri o te manawanui.

2.Enteralny, te pūmanawa mo te etahi momo o te whakamātautau o tūroro, me te etahi ngā tukanga haumanu.

I tua atu, he ora rawa te hōhipera, me te taua tikanga tuku tūturu toutou whakahōhā te huru o tūroro. Na, ka taea e koe te tiki ake i te mate i roto i ngā tukanga hauora tākuta me ngā nēhi, me te tika i roto i te fare ma'i.

Take o tūroro mate i roto i ngā wāhi hauora

Hea i reira he tikanga i roto i ngā hōhipera hoki tūroro huaketo e tikanga māori, me pehea pānga ki te huarahi tāwhaiwhai o te tuku o te mate. Ko nga take e whai ake:

1. I roto i te hōhipera, ko nga wa katoa he rota o te iwi huaketo. I tua atu, e pā ana ki 38% o te taupori, tae atu ki ngā kaimahi tiaki hauora, ko te kawe o ngā tukumate, engari e kore te tangata e mōhio e he kawe ratou.

2.Uvelichenie maha o tūroro (iwi tawhito, tamariki) nei kua tino tukua iho te ātete paepae o te rauropi.

3.Obedinenie tino tino hōhipera i roto i complexes nui, e aau pohehe ranei hanga he taiao rauropi motuhake.

I roto i ētahi wā, i reira he he mate haavare o te manawanui i huringa kakahu, ki te ko te tapuhi te kaimau o kore mahi i tona mahi i roto i te kanohi tiaki me karapu. Engari, ka taea e te manawanui whakapoke kaimahi hauora, ki te mauria e ia i roto i whawhe hauora (toto tīpako, tiaki niho, me ētahi atu) i waho i te kanohi tiaki, karapu, mōhiti motuhake.

Jobs kaimahi teina

tūroro nuinga pangia tei runga i te mahi o te kaimahi teina. ta te taua tatauranga e i roto i Russia anake shingellezom mate nosocomial whakatika ki 26%, pirinoa kapo ki te 18%, me te 40% o te Salmonella!

E i roto i tenei take ai te ara haavare o te tuku? Ko te matua tenei i te kore o te hanganga ture tonu ki ngā paerewa hauora. whakakitea arowhai Wāhi e nēhi i roto i ngā hōhipera maha ruma ma, whāwhā, a tae noa mahi painga. e kore te ara, kua tukinotia papa katoa rongoā ringihia kotahi kakahu mo te horoi te whakarite kukū iti atu i hiahiatia e te paerewa i roto i tari me nga whare kawea i roto i te tukatuka i rama kiripaka, ara i to ratou wātea me te huru pai.

Rawa pouri ko te take i roto i ngā hōhipera. Orthotopic whaea huaketo hua ranei, hei tauira, kia puta suppurative mate ero tika ki te takahi o te ture i roto i te antiseptics tukatuka uho, i roto i obstetrics me tiaki heke mai. kia waiho te take he kore o kopare pūmotu i runga i te mata o te tapuhi ngā tapuhi ranei e kawe o tukumate, e kore ki te whakahua painga oneone taputapu, taipa, me te pera i runga i.

paturopi

Ka rite ki tuhia i runga ake, maha i roto i te hōhipera e tango iwi ki te tātaritanga mārama. whakaritea te manawanui te whakamātautau taiwhanga, me te tikanga tātaritanga hou, i roto i nei whakamahi i te ara enteral (i te mangai) i roto i te tinana kōhao taputapu tēnā. I te faaineineraa no te nga hua whakamātautau, he mahi whakapumautia ki whakahau paturopi ki te whānui o te mahi. Ko te wahi iti o te au pai tenei, engari i roto i nga take nui e kua hanga i roto i nga taumahatanga hōhipera o tukumate, e kore te tauhohe i ki a ratou ki nga pānga o (disinfection, kvartsevanie, tarukino therapy). Nā ki te ara whakatö tūturu, e ū enei taumahatanga i roto i te fare ma'i. kitea te whakamahi ore o paturopi i roto i 72% o tūroro. I roto i te 42% o te wā i te reira i roto i te noa. I roto i te whenua katoa hoki o te ta'e'uhinga maimoatanga auau mate paturopi i roto i ngā hōhipera kua tae 13%.

Tātaritanga me te maimoatanga

e mea he e kia tauturu i tikanga hou o te tātaritanga ki hohoro a tika te tautuhi i mau ma'i katoa. Katoa pono, engari e kore i tupu mate tāwhaiwhai o tūroro, me kia whawha tika taputapu tātaritanga. Hei tauira, kia te bronchoscope i muri i ia manawanui rite ki te tikanga kia decontaminated ¾ haora. Kua whakaaturia inspections e tenei whakaaro iti te wahi, no te mea e kore e tākuta titiro tūroro i te tere o 5-8, me 10-15 i runga i te rārangi. Ko reira mārama e ki te wa e kore nui tukatuka i te taputapu mo ratou. Ko te taua pā ki te gastroscopy, colonoscopy, pū tōngāmimi kōkuhunga, tango i te poka, mauhaa inhalation whakamātautau.

Ko te whakaiti reira te taumata o te mate ara enteral o whakahaere o raau taero. He he he riri anake tikanga duodenal, ka whakahaere te tarukino te ki te uiuia tika ki te duodenum. Ko waha (rongoā whakaaetanga me pire i roto i te mangai, ka romia ranei kore ratou wai inu), sublingually (i raro i te arero) me buccal (kiriata hononga o te rongoā motuhake ki te mucosal kapia me paparinga) haumaru ngā.

Ko te ara parenteral o te tuku

Tenei tikanga tuku ko te rangatira i roto i te horapa o AIDS me kakā. Te auraa ra, ara peranteralny - mate i roto i te toto, a roto i te ofatiraa o te tapatahi o te kiriuhi mucous, kiri. I roto i te taiao hōhipera ko reira taea i roto i ngā take pēnei i:

-perelivanie toto / wē;

-zarazhenie mā pūwero i roto i werohia;

wawaotanga -hirurgicheskoe;

A amo i roto o ngā tukanga hauora.

E mea pinepine puta mate tāwhaiwhai i roto i haumanu niho me ngā haerenga ki te rata mātai hoki o te meka e whakamahi tākuta ki te tirotiro i te mucous ratou tūroro tika tukinotia taputapu, a hoki no o te mahi o ngā tākuta i roto i karapu kore-horomata.

werohanga

Kei te whakamahia tēnei momo o te therapy mo te wa roa. A, no te e mati nga pāhorehore, e te pehi e ratou ki herea i mua i te tono sterilization. I roto i te mahi, kāore i arahina ratou ki te mate o te tūroro mate kino, tae atu AIDS, e tika ana ki te mahue noa kerekere o kaiwhakaako. Na me hoki te maimoatanga (rō-uaua me werohanga intramuscular), me ngā tauira toto e whakamahia anake pāhorehore tuku, na te mōrea o te mate tāwhaiwhai mōkito tonu. E hiahiatia paramedics te aroaro o te tukanga ki te tirohia i te tightness o te mōkihi pūwero me i raro i kore tūkunga kore e whakamahi i te reira ngira ranei ano hoki whawhe atu. Ko rerekē ki te taputapu ki te endoscope (ngira, ngira unuhanga me ētahi atu), e kore te tikanga e whawha i roto i te mahi i te āhuatanga. I pai, kua rumakina noa ratou i roto i te otinga ringihia.

ngā mahi

Ko te auau tiketike o te mate puta i roto i te pokanga. Ko reira ngā e i roto i 1941-1945-doma i tuhia 8% mate o te hunga i patua, a i roto i to tatou wa, whakatika mahi postoperative o mate ero ki te 15%. Ko hoki tenei:

-Use i roto i te pokanga i muri dressings painga oneone ranei;

sterilization -nedostatochnaya o tapahi whakairo-kore ranei;

whakamahi -wide implants rerekē (i roto i te orthopedics, i roto i te niho, i roto i te mafatu). E nehenehe o ngā i roto i enei hanganga maha microorganisms, hipokina hoki ratou i te kiriata paruru motuhake iho, hanga uaua ratou ki paturopi.

kia kawea puretumu i roto i motuhake Bix, autoclaves ruma ranei e tei runga i te tikanga sterilization. Kei te mahi te reira i teie nei e ngana ana ki te whakamahi i to tuku i ngā rau horomata moenga, kakahu, tākuta me tūroro, kia e whakaiti i te mate horihori. Hei whakakore i mate mā implants, noho tūroro postoperatively therapy antibacterial whakarei.

huhu toto

Kei te whakapono te reira e taea te mau i te huhu toto ake pakewakewa anake, ko AIDS me rua kakā B huaketo, B me C. reira hoki check takoha enei tukumate toto mō ngā tauira. Ko whakaatu wheako e ara te whakamahi i pāhorehore tuku anake, huhu ki te kaha ki te tuku wheori, kakā D, G, TTV, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, listeria me ētahi atu mate. kaituku katoa ki te tuku o te toto, e hiahiatia tākuta ki te tirohia hoki te aroaro o enei mate. I roto i te meka, maha i runga i te tātari kore e whai i te wa mahue whakaaetia noa ranei. Na reira, me tika check āta tangohia tatou i te toto kaituku. Otiia e kore e he tonu tenei kia ki tenei ra, ara i roto i haumanu o Moscow take o te mate o te tūroro ki te huhu puta. Ko te raruraru tuarua ko te e reira e he rota o taumahatanga mutated e kore e mohio ki ara nga pūnaha whakamātautau hou. Ko te taua āhuatanga ki te mate, me te transplant kaituku tinana.