History o Sergiev Posad (poto). Sergiev Posad: hītori o te pa mō ngā tamariki

He hiahia i roto i te mua o te pa Russian tawhito maha ngā ākonga. No okotahi Ko te kōrero o Sergiev Posad. Poto e kore e mea ohie ki te haere, no te mea i tenei wāhi ki reira he tata 7 senituli, i roto i nei ka mau ona whenua wahi he rota o ngā ngā. He mea paihere Past Sergiev Posad ki te i runga i nga whenua o te Tokotoru-Herekiu pakiki - te nui rawa Siu ohu Russian, kia kite ai rata ana tūruhi me te pono i nga whenua maha. Kei roto i te Golden Ring, E rata ana te pa manuhiri whenua urupa ahurei ataahua o hoahoanga tahito, taonga ngā me te manaaki o nga tangata.

taketake o te ohu whakapono

Sergiev Posad History rā hoki ki te 1347 i te reira i na i roto i Radonezh ngahere i runga i te maunga ngahere te awa Makovec Konchury teina Patoromu ko Tepene he pūtau Monastic me te hahi iti i roto i te ingoa o te Toru tahi e tata ana hanga. Ko te whakaaro kapu o ascetics tona ora whakapono te mahi a te Atua, me te wāhi koraha e tata ana Moscow kore i taea e pai hāngai mō tenei. Otiia hohoro ngenge Tepene ngahere mātotoru me te pūmau fakamasiva Monastic. Mahue a tona teina, ka whakatutehu ia ki Moscow Monastery o te Ihowā te. riro Patoromu he moke i raro i te ingoa o St. Herekiu, a noho ana i roto i te pūtau o te moke. Na vai te reira i roto i te noho motuhake mo te maha o nga tau.

Neke atu i te wa, ka timata Sergei ki haere mai ki te whakatau i nga kuraina i te whenua tata. whakaturia ratou he hahi hanga huri noa te Tokotoru Tapu Monastery, e na tona ahua rite te taiepa rakau hapori uipa te pa iti. rāhuitia Sergiy Radonezhsky novices tango tohanga i tangata ke, a ka mea ratou ki te hanga i te ora i to ratou ake mahi. Na āta waiho te ohu he pokapū taonga o te handicraft production. A tawhio noa ia ia ka anga ki te hanga i to ratou mau fare peasants me te iwi kaimahi. Mai i enei whakataunga āta i hanga whakataunga. patronized hoki Minita te rangatira Russian, hoatu ki a ia ngā monū me monū feudal.

Ko te tūranga o te ohu i roto i te wikitoria o Kulikovo

E āta hono ana History o te pa o Sergiev Posad ki te ingoa o te Grand Duke Dmitry Donskoy, kua tukua te whenua Russian i te ioka Mongol-Tatar. Ki te whakapono koe te meatanga, i 1380, i runga i te mahana o te pakanga o Kulikovo, tahi ki te rōpū te rangatira o nga whenua Russian ka tae ki te ohu mō te manaaki o St. Herekiu.

Reverend Matua kore anake varua tautoko nga hoia, engari i hoatu a ratou ki te āwhina i ana kuraina e rua (Aleksandra Peresveta me Rodiona Oslyabyu) maitai i taea e te tangata e hapai i patu. I muri i te fariiraa i te tautoko i Herekiu, haere Dmitry Donskoy me tona tira ki te Field Kulikovo ki te whawhai ki nga ope o te Golden Horde. E ai ki pūrākau onamata, kuraina maia me Relight Oslabya kaha whawhai te hoariri, ka patua i roto i te whawhai. Otiia i roto i te mutunga whakahaere te kapa ki te whiua Dmitry Donskoy Tatars me tenei wikitoria tohua te timatanga o te whakaoranga o Russia i nga tau o te tukino.

Ko te mate o te kaiwhakarewa o te pa

mate Reverend papa i roto i 1392, ka tanumia i roto i te ohu whakapono whakaturia e ia. He tonu o Sergiev Posad History. Hoki ngā tamariki kōrero o te ora o te pa ka titiro rite makutu, ki te ki te korero ki a ratou e pā ana ki te aha te ingoa o te moke nui, tona kaiwhakarewa, i mohiotia tawhiti tua atu tona wahi o te noho. I roto i te iwi ka mohiotia rite he kaimahi nui merekara me tika e i uru peasants ohie e kore anake i roto i te momeniti uaua tino, ko ia te rangatira. 30 nga tau i muri i te matenga o Herekiu taimí. I roto i te kororia o tenei hui i runga i te wahi o tona tanumanga i whakatakotoria kohatu Trinity Cathedral, whakaturia i te utu o te tama a Dmitry Donskoy Prince George.

Ko te whakangaromanga o te ohu whakapono

He ona whārangi fakamamahi History o te pa o Sergiev Posad. Ahakoa te meka e rite ki te hua o te pakanga o Kulikov hoia o te Golden Horde i mahi he hinga kuru, ratou tonu wā patua te whenua Russian. I 1408 ka anga te Tatars ki te kōkiri i runga i Moscow. A, no te haere mai ratou i roto i te ara o te kororia Tokotoru-Herekiu Monastery, whakahau Yedigei Khan tona ope ki te faaanaanatae ia i te reira. tahuna whare karakia rakau ki te whenua, a wahia.

Revival me te pai

Ahakoa te whakaekenga kino o Tatars, e kore i mutu tona oraraa, te ohu i runga i te pae i muri mai i hanga Sergiev Posad. Ka taea te korerotia Kōrero mō ngā tamariki i roto i te pa, kahore whakahua o enei meka, engari o enei, ahakoa ngā kino, Me hoki ratou ki te mohio.

3 tau i muri i te ati i roto i enei whenua, whare karakia hou, e kua whakamahia mo te hanganga o te kohatu. Fakafoki o te ohu whakapono tu mau i runga i ona waewae, ka anga ka ki te whakawhanake i tere me te pai ki te tautoko o te rangatira. rawa hoki ia matara tua atu ona rohe o pū whenua, wahi kai, homesteading ki ngā pāmu, kotingotingo hī, a na i runga i. D.

Tsar Ivan Grozny kua whakarongo tonu ki nga whakaaro o te minita Toru tahi tiketike. I roto i te 1561 riro ia i te tautoko minita Monastic o ratou kaupapa here, i haere ki raro, i roto i te aamu rite te "oprichnina". kawea tautoko kuraina Ariki holdings whenua hou, me te ētahi o te taonga i te utu o te iwi kāwanatanga-fatuhia.

I roto i te waenganui o te rau tau XVI whakahau Ivan Grozny ki te hanga a tawhio noa te whenua no ki te ohu whakapono, taiepa kohatu ki 11 pourewa, i muri i nei tahuri ia ki te pa kē. Te hoê aamu poto o Sergiyev Posad mō ngā tamariki ngā tauira karakara o te āhua o te whare i roto i te tau 1608-1610 ki te tura i turia whakapaea tata polutoraletnyuyu o nga whakaeke Polish-Lithuanian. A, no te i roto i Russia i roto i te 1682 wahia te musketeers toreretanga, huna nga taiepa kohatu o te ohu i te riri o te hōia ta'efiemālie ' Princess Sophia Nikolaevna ko Prince Ivan ko Pita. I muri i 7 nga tau, te whakamutunga kua piri koe ki konei i roto i tona whawhai mo te torona. Ka kake ki te torona, e Pita ahau tautoko kaha te whenua ohu whakapono. whai wāhi ana tēnei kaupapa here ki ratou te pai Ariki heke mai.

Whakaingoa ohu i roto i pakiki

Ki te tautoko o nga rangatira, me rangatira tonu hītori o Sergiev Posad. No te mea ka waiho tamariki hiahia ki te mohio e i roto i 1744 whakaingoatia te ohu i ohu. hoatu tenei taitara hōnore ia whai wāhitanga hou me te whakakaha ona mana i roto i ētahi atu whare karakia Russian Siu. I roto i te 1782, he maha ngā whakataunga e karapoti ana i te ohu whakapono, piri i roto i te takiwa i huaina "Sergiev Posad".

I hanga i te taha o te pa riro te koti o ringa i runga i timata tona rohe ki te hei almshouses whakaturia, toa hokohoko, ohu hotel, wheketere whakatuwheratia, whare tā. Āta, ka reira he pokapū nui o te ahumahi ha'uti, kua meinga reira he tohu o te Russian Matryoshka. I te tau 1865, i waenganui o Sergiev Posad me Moscow whariki ara. ngā te reira i te tau nui pakiki o manene, me karakia.

kaupapa here Bolshevik

mutu te te pai o te Tokotoru pakiki o St. Herekiu me nga whenua no ki reira ki te haere mai ki te mana o te mua i roto i Russia. i katia pūtahi fakalotu katoa i roto i te pa. I runga i te rohe o te ohu i roto i 1919, i whakaturia te whare taonga. whakatoia nga kuraina i ka repressed. Ki te mahere ngaro ingoa "Sergiev Posad". Ko te hītori o whakaaturanga o ngā tamariki e i roto i 1919 i te ingoa reira Herekiu, a i roto i te 1930 - Zagorsk. Tenei ingoa riro ia i roto i te honore o te tahae Vladimir Zagorski.

Sergiev Posad i roto i nga wa Soviet

I roto i ngā wā Soviet ke tino te ahua o te pa. I tona rohe, i hanga wheketere hou me mira. I 1932 i reira i whakatuwheratia he Institute Research ahurei o taonga tākaro. Ko te whawhai ki nga Tiamana kawea mai e pā ana ki ngā rerekētanga i roto i te ora whanganga o te pa. E rave rahi o ona noho i haere ki te whawhai i roto i te mua, 14 o ratou i muri i whakawhiwhia te whawhai te Hero taitara o te Soviet Union. Mai 1946 āta timata te ora fakalotu i roto i Sergiev Posad ki whakahauora. Mai reira, ka anga te ohu ki te hoki ki te kuraina.

I roto i te 1976, ka whakatuwheratia e te pa Zagorsky pou. Mai 1980 i reira ka anga ki te mahi ha'uti whare taonga. I roto i te honore o te tau 1000th o te bapetizoraa o Kievan Rus 'i 1988 i roto i te takiwā o te whakataunga, e tata ana te Ekalesia o te Faahuru, i tuatahi he tohu ki te kaiwhakarewa o St. Herekiu o Radonezh. taitara mua o Sergiev Posad hoki mai i muri i whakahaere i roto i te 1991 e te tāpaetanga rohe.

Ko te pa hou

Sergiev Posad Ko inaianei he pokapū fakalotu, ahurea, hītori, me te whakahaere nui o te rohe Moscow. Ko tōna attraction matua ko te Tokotoru-Herekiu pakiki. Mai 1993, kua whakarārangitia te reira rite he UNESCO World Heritage Site. Tirohia mai ia e kore e anake whakapono, engari te hunga katoa e he hiahia i roto i te aamu poto o te pa o Sergiev Posad.