Ko te mētara "hoki te Defence o Kiev" - te tohu i muri i te 20 tau

whakamanawanui pūtaiao hītori o Stalin āta aromatawai te wāhanga tuatahi o te whawhai o 1941-45. Anake i muri ka timata te "papa o nga iwi" o te mate ki te whakahua i te parekura pau ka te Army Whero. Ko te mētara "hoki te Defence o Kiev", whakapumautia i te kaupapa o te rangatira hou o te whenua - N. S. Hruscheva, ka he tohu o te mahara o te parekura nanakia o te raumati tuatahi o te whawhai.

Ko te pakarutanga fakamamahi o te whawhai

hopu Rapid o Ukraine Hitler whakaaro te whāinga rautaki tino nui. hanga tenei e taea ki te faaere i te Soviet Union o rauemi raw me kai rauemi nui, a ka wewete ake ope ki te tautoko i te hoia i runga i te matua - ahunga - Moscow.

whakapaipai Ukrainian raro whakaekenga rererangi i te haora tuatahi o te whawhai, a ka i roto i te wa poto, ka haere mai tetahi rōpū kaha o nga mano Tiamana "South" ki te Dnieper. Pehi atu i te reira ki wae Soviet hōia, ngā i roto i te Front Tonga-Western, whakahau e General o mātau e tohe ki tenei ra - MP Kirponos, me te whakahaere whānui o te ope o te tonga kawea Marshal Budyonny.

Ture i runga i te mētara

Pau ki te huritau 20 o te pakarutanga o te pakanga te mētara "hoki te Defence o Kiev" i whakapumautia Pipiri 21, 1961. Kua tuhia kōrero te huru tōrangapū motuhake. ka Nikita Khrushchev te rangatira hou o te rōpū, me te whenua, mo te wa roa i te upoko o te Komiti Central o te (b) CPSU o Ukraine, a tae noa i roto i te pakanga whakaarahia te utu mo nga kaiuru whawhai mo Kiev. korero kaha Stalin ki, tautohetohe e ia i te mea e tika ana ki te whakatū i tohu motuhake mō ia Republic Union. Ko te mea matua - Stalin kihai i whakaaro i te mahi o ngā hōia Soviet me ona kupu o nga whārangi hautoa o te hītori.

E ai ki nga ture, whakawhiwhia katoa te mētara "hoki te Defence o Kiev" i Hōngongoi ki Mahuru 1941 ko ia i roto i Kiev me te rohe e karapoti ana hei wāhanga o te hōia auau, me te nuu faehau motu, whai wāhi i roto i te hanga o taiepa, mahi i roto i hinonga hōia i roto i te pa, i te mau melo o te anti-Nasí raro ranei pakanga kaupapa.

Na roto i te tūnga, kei te aroaro o te tahi atu tohu kāwanatanga mētara "hoki te Defence o Kiev" ko muri i te "Stalingrad", "teina" hoki i whakaaturia me "hoki te Paruru o te Caucasus".

Ki te tango i Moscow, me tango tatou i te Kiev

OKW, whakarongo ki fakahinohino a Hitler, faaoti e whakaae te nuinga o kōrero hōia he hape i roto i ngā o te rautaki rironga o te whakapaipai Soviet. I roto i te kaha ki te hohoro atu waiho rohe taonga Ukrainian me te hinu Caucasian, ka whai kaha rōpū tonga 2 taua tank kaha e whakahaeretia i mua i roto i te taha ki te rōpū o nga mano "Center" i roto i te rohe Moscow. i muri i te nganatanga i taka ki te hopu whakapaipai Ukrainian tonu, te ārai i te counter-mahi o te Army Whero i nga raina o te rohe kaha Kiev i tenei Hitler.

Whakakahangia te Soviet Southwestern Front i te utu o nga wahi ki nga Tiamana ārai te ara ki a Moscow, kihai i te auau, no te mea i whakaaro e noho nga Tiamana te wāhi tāone matua Stalin. Ko te mana me te akiaki o te wae tank hou, o ratou workarounds me Ati arahina ki te encirclement me te whakangaromanga e tata Kiev rōpū nui o Army Whero arahina e te kaiārahi mua. Ko whakapehapeha Ahakoa te ahua mōhiohio o te parekura - neke atu i te 700 mano iwi.

Whakaahuatanga o te moni

Ko te puka e kua he mētara "hoki te Defence o Kiev" he paerewa mō enei tohu: parahi kōpae ki te diameter 32 mm o. poraka ritenga me te pentagonal, hipoki ki te rīpene oriwa o moire, me e rua whiu: whero (4 mm), me te puru (2 mm).

Ko te taha ki whakamuri nga taua rite maha mētara pakanga - me te tuhituhinga: "hoki tatou motherland Soviet" Otiia i roto i kaikohikohi faleristov haere te varavara: he mētara "hoki te Defence o Kiev", hanga ki te awhina o pōhēhē whakamahia pokepokea ai Mint i te tahi atu hōia tohu. I tona hopu whakamuri whakairi rā Vienna - "13 Paengawhāwhā 1945". e kore e ēnei metara whakawhiwhia.

hanga te obverse te i runga i te toi huahua V. N. Atlantova me ko te ahua tanga o guerrillas patu ki raiwhara me kaimahi, kaiwhakatere kaipuke, me hoia i runga i te whakamārama o te whare o te Kaunihera Hupirimi ki te kikorangi motuhake, me te kara ki runga i te reira. I te runga - whakaarahia pukapuka: "hoki te Defence o Kiev", i roto i te pokapū o te raro - he whetū e rima-oka i runga i te whakamārama o te haki, a ki runga ki tetahi taha o taua mea - he peka Loumaile. Taha Avers e te awhi koropuku.

Hua o Kiev korero

Whawhai o te raumati o 1941 he mau haapiiraa pakeke, i timata ki te kupu Soviet o te Pakanga nui Patriotic. roa Kiev korero 70 ra, ka mutu i runga i Mahuru 26, ka mutu te whawhai i roto i te takiwā o te whakapaipai Iukereiniana, kua mahue kua i te wa nga hoia Soviet.

Ko te hinganga o te Front Tonga-Western, i te Army Whero pānga rautaki taimaha mo te USSR: whakatuwheratia nga Tiamana te ara ki te tonga o Ukraine, a i hohoro horo Donbass me te Crimea, te wahi i āraia ia Sevastopol - te turanga matua o te Black Moana Fleet. Ko te rohe ōhanga nui - te puna o te kai, me te waro - i ngaro, whakawehi te hinu whakaputa rohe nui o te USSR.

Ko te feat o te parururaa i Kiev he mahu'inga mua ki te whakatutuki i te wikitoria noa i runga i fascism: te aukati o te ope nui Armoured o te Wehrmacht o te Army Rōpū Central mama te pēhanga ki runga ki te pane Soviet ka hoatu wā ki te faaineine pai mo te korero o Moscow.

170,000 whakawhiwhia

ko pūtaiao hītori Soviet aromātai hanga angamaheni i runga i te whakaaro o te whakahaere me te ideologues matua rōpū. tino pāngia tenei te whakaora tino matatini, me te rangirua me te mau pau o te Pakanga nui Patriotic, e ngā korero o Kiev. Pakanga Tuarua o te Ao, e taea te ata ona ngā matua hoki ki te ingoa o te whare o tohu mo ona kaiuru - mētara mō te korero, me te hopu o nga pa, me rohe. mētara Military "hoki te Defence o Kiev" i anake whakapumautia i roto i te wā kaumātua. Otiia i tenei e kore e riro te reira iti iho i te e whakahonoretia ana, me te aroha ki te iwi 170.540 nei i whakawhiwhia ai ki a ratou to'utangata me uri.