Huaketo varicella-zoster - he aha te mea te reira? Herpes zoster: Treatment, Okú, Tohu

Koroputa hei, ranei, atu tika, koroputaputa hau, waia ki tata te wahine e noho katoa o te whenua. utu te reira ia tatou i ki te wheori reka i huaina varicella-zoster, tuwhera i roto i te 1911. ka mau te reira i neke atu i te rau tau mai i taua wa tawhiti. ako Varicella kē te roa me te whanui, engari kia riro te reira i tae noa e kore e taea e te tangata. Meinga e tenei huaketo mate e kore e puta ki te kia tino nui, no te mea te tahuti nei i a ratou 1 100 mano take, a tae noa ka kore i a ratou ano, engari i pōauautanga meinga e ratou. Here i roto i enei pōauautanga me tinihanga ko. taea ki te tomo ki roto ki te toto, i roto i te waitinana, i roto i te maha ngā pūnaha o te kaiao Varicella-zoster huaketo ko. Tangohia atu i te reira i reira e taea. Kia whakaurua ki roto ki to tatou tinana, noho te werau ki a tatou ake ake.

Portrait o te huaketo

Varicella-zoster Varicellovirus no ki te puninga ngā 17 momo. I roto ia ratou te hunga te hunga e pā anake etahi kararehe manu ranei, engari i reira e pono tangata. Ēnei āwangawanga me ngā tirohanga whakaaro e tatou "zoster". Ko te kupu te tikanga i roto i Kariki "whitiki" e whakaatu ana i te tauira o pāpaka, kite tino pinepine.

Hopu i te reira i poaka, te heihei, kuri, me te kore e taea e te tahi atu kararehe e. I roto i te taxonomy ao o tukumate hopuhopu huaina reira ko momo 3 Human alphaherpesvirus. He microscopically iti huaketo katoa, engari ia he ona ake ahurei "mata". E whakaatu ana te karu tatou e te varicella-zoster āhua tawhio ranei paku porotītaha, i te matua arā, o DNA, me he tarakina anga kapi hanga o pūmua matatini. Tuatahi i patu i te tinana o te patunga, te huaketo ai te koroputa hei mate.

Te ara o te mate

Varicella-zoster huaketo anake pāngia e te tangata, te nuinga o te tamaiti o te kōhungahunga me te kura tamariki. He maha ngā nui o mate i roto i ngā kura, kindergarten, i roto i tetahi maha nui o ngā kapa. Ara - mahino (matihe, maremare) me te titi. i hanga tonu mirumiru, e taea te tatau mano o nga mano o huaketo i roto i te tinana o te tamaiti mate. A, no te pakaru enei mirumiru, me tukumate exudate atu ki te taiao, me te taea te tomo i te tinana o te tangata hauora i roto i paru ringa, ahanoa ranei whakapā tinana, pērā i wiri ringa. Ka taea e wheori te aroha noa te tīariari anake i roto i te pūtau o ratou patunga, reira, he waho, hei whakaraerae. Ka taea e ratou ngāwari patua te otinga ringihia, kohua, i tetahi teretere.

tohu

tomo te reira i ki to tatou tinana varicella-zoster i roto i te mangai, whakatakotoria nei i runga i te kiriuhi mucous. Riro ratou "bridgehead" tuatahi, kua whakaurua wheori ki limfososudy, toto, pūkahukahu, io me te autonomic, ngā pūtau ua. Ongó ki enei tinana, tīmata ratou ki te whakaputa uri, a ka kua taukei kua i roto i te tinana, meinga mate. Mai i te kau o te mate tae noa ki e taea te tango i te tohu tuatahi 14 ra atu ranei. Ko te tohu matua o te koroputa hei ko te ahua o mirumiru i roto i te ohorere katoa i runga i te tinana. I te tuatahi, titiro ratou rite nodules whero, engari hohoro tupu ki te rahi o te matenga kēmu, he iti iti iho ranei. Ko ratou i raro i te kiri angiangi, ko te exudate translucent. A, no te pakaru nga mirumiru, e whai reira exudate, a ka noho i runga i te mariao kiri, i te desiccation tahuri ki hakihaki.

Te pāmahana i roto i te kōhungahunga mate uaua te putanga mai ki uara tiketike, me te, rite ki te tikanga, puritia te i roto i te rohe o 37,5 ° C, tohu o te haurangi e kore maha kitea, engari ka taea e kia-feliliuaki te tamaiti, e pai ki te kai, ki te kia puhoi. tamariki pakeke (7-12 tau) mamae he ahua ake uaua koroputa hei, ahakoa whai ratou e taea e te mate puta i roto i te tika ngāwari ki te kirika iti-māka me te mana'o o te utu tikanga.

Varicella raruraru e hikaka te he e i roto i tūroro o tau katoa kaha itches. waihakihaki ka haea atu te kirinuku, ka mahue koutou ora kiri tohu-ospinki tamariki.

I roto i ngā pakeke, koroputa hei tuatahi, ko atu nui te mate. Kua tohua ratou:

• ngoikore;
• ānini;
• tohu pāmahana teitei;
• oto o te tinana;
• raruraru moe;
• ētahi wā whakapairuaki ki ruaki me te takahi o te heamana.

Koroputa hei i roto i te hapu wahine me hou

I roto i koroputa hei hapu pāngia uaua (e kore neke atu i te 5%), mai te nuinga o tona koroputa hei metua vahine expectant i roto i tamarikitanga, me te tinana e taea ki te whakawhanake i paturopi ki varicella-zoster huaketo. Tamarii fanau ki te 6 marama, whakarato hoki ratou te tiaki ki te huaketo. Na reira grudnichki koroputa hei tata kore e whiwhi mate.

Kia aroha mai, ki te tupu te mate tuatahi o te koroputaputa huaketo i roto i hapūtanga, i reira te mea he tūpono ki te whakapoke ratou me te hua (8%). Ki te puta te mate i roto i te huatū tuatahi, me te 5% o ngā tamariki kia rerekē malformations congenital (haehae, pāpāngia, maihao fare, ahua rerekē me okana). A, no te te mate i roto i te huatū tuarua ki ngā pēpi i whanau 2% ine, i ngā take mate kotahi i roto i te toru o nga huatū.

Otiia ki te mea he kino ki te koroputa mō ra e rima i mua i te tuku ranei i roto i rua ra te whaea i muri i to ratou tino uaua koroputa hei puta hou, pea noa mate.

Tātaritanga varicella-zoster, IgG, IgM me ētahi atu antibody

I whakaarahia te tātaritanga mua o "koroputa" whatu. Na kawea taote i roto i te raupapa o ngā whakamātautau ki te kitea i roto i te mea ahua o huaketo meinga te mate, me te aha ki a ia i roto i te tinana whakawhanake paturopi. tātaritanga Modern ngā:

• Panipania i te kōhao-waha.
• He whakamātautau toto ki te whakatau i te momo o te huaketo.
• Tātaritanga o mirumiru exudate.
• rōpū antibody whakamātautau IgM, e kua hanga e tata tonu i muri i te tīmatanga o te mate i roto i lymphocytes mua-B, me te toto kitea i te ra 4 o te mate. Muri tūroro whakaatu paturopi me ētahi atu rōpū. tupu āta IgG paturopi uara, engari āta heke ano i muri i te ngaro o ngā tohu e kitea ana o mate, me te pirau. Ko te whakamahia ratou taonga mo te tātaritanga o etahi momo o ma'i ma'i.

maimoatanga

Tikanga, tūroro koroputa hei kore falemahaki. Whare ratou whai he akoranga o taero patu huaketo ( "Acyclovir", "brivudine", "gerpevir"), i runga i te whakaaturanga whakahau antipyretics, antihistamines, me rashes pania ki te peita matomato fukortsinom ranei katoa. Hei whakarei Doctors mate kiia hoki ki huaora me te kai.

i te tinana i mate mo te ora, he paturopi ki te huaketo varicella-zoster, e kua tiakina i reinfection. Fele tenei antibody IgG rōpū, engari kia kia hakari, me te rōpū iga, IgM. AT iga makaka tino taumata e 4 te marama i muri i te mate. Fele tiaki ratou kiriuhi mucous me whekau kėia 20% o paturopi katoa. IgM o immunoglobulins katoa he 10%, me te 75% IgG. E taea e ki te haere i roto i te ewe (whakawhetai ki tona rahi kiato), a ki te hoatu wātea i te mate ki te kukune i roto i te kopu anake ratou.

pōauautanga

Mai muri koroputa hei i roto i te tinana i roto i te tangata, he paturopi ki IgG huaketo varicella-zoster, riro ratou wātea i te mate no te oraraa taatoa. Fifi o te mate i roto i ngā tamariki noa i taea e mate, whakarārangitia i roto i te rapirapi papules. He pōauautanga taea te tamariki rawa ngoikore:

• kakā (tohu: mare, kirika, cyanosis o te kiri, hāhā o te manawa);
• Encephalitis (tohu: ānini, kirika, haehae, mate o ruruku, whakapairuaki);
• bursitis;
• kaiponapona;
• thrombophlebitis.

I roto i ngā pakeke, i runga i te whakamārama o te koroputa hei e taea te whakawhanake:

• laryngitis;
• tracheitis;
• kiriuhi;
• encephalitis;
• kakā;
• kaiponapona;
• erysipelas;
• abscesses, cellulitis, streptoderma.

take tinga o

Kei te tuku ano hoki tenei mate ki rite "tinga." Varicella-zoster huaketo, kotahi mau i roto i te tinana, tonu ki te ora i roto i te moe (hohekore) kāwanatanga i roto i te pūtau karere i roto i te ua, i roto i te raru ko cranial i roto i te ganglia (tautau o neurons) o te pūnaha io. Ahakoa he kaha te pūnaha ārai mate te tangata, e noho ata ratou, a kahore e meinga raruraru. Ko te taenga atu ano te tinana ka ngoikore, tonu whakahohe wheori. Ka rite ki te hua, e kore e te koroputa hou tupu, engari tīmata te tangata atu mate - tinga, kōrero ki te kāwai o ngā mate hopuhopu, a ka whakaaturia e te hunga ponana āhuatanga i runga i te tinana.

take:

• tafa, whara me ētahi atu mate, tae atu ki ngā mate romahā whakapeka, rewharewha;
• ahotea io;
• kai kounga rawakore;
• mahi pakeke, te tinana fakaongosia;
• tikanga ora rawakore;
• mate tonu, i hoatu relapses;
• hapūtanga;
• hauhauaitu;
• okana transplantation;
• etahi rongoā e pehi i te pūnaha ārai mate;
• koroheketanga.

tohu

Tinga te tikanga puta i roto i ngā pakeke, engari ano i roto i ngā tamariki memeha noa nei i koroputa hei, ano e taea te pāngia reira. He hunga ponana ana tohu ataata matua i runga i te tinana, kei te nuinga kei reira, i reira te kahiwi io. Ki te herpes tata te ihu, me te i runga i nga ngutu o tenei mate he kahore ki te mahi, kia rite ki tetahi atu huaketo i huaina e whakaaturanga tātari. Huaketo varicella-zoster, whiwhi haere noa i te haapa'oraa i ratou i roto i te haki wātea i te mate, puta i te pūtau io me tataki ratou axons ki nga tohutohu o te karere. Pa tonu te whāinga, ai reira mate kiri. Tohu-precursors:

• pāmahana;
• ngenge tākaha, me ahuatanga;
• kore o te pūngao;
• te ngaro o te hiahia;
• mamae me te minamina (mania ētahi wā ke) i roto i te mara o te hūnga heke mai.

Tohu i te tihi o te mate:

• porahurahu i te puka o mirumiru ki te exudate mārama;
• taikiri tetere;
• mamae neuralgic (e ai kia ngawari kaha ranei);
• subfebrile pāmahana i runga;
• tohu o te haurangi.

pumau mate i te wiki ki te marama.

Whakarōpū i te momo o te hunga ponana

Ka taea e Varicella-zoster patu i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tinana, a reira me wehe ke i waenganui i enei momo o tinga:

• Ophthalmic (patua peka ophthalmic o te karere trigeminal i roto i taua taea tūkino i te reira i te taupoki io). Whakakitea e mamae i roto i te kanohi, i te hinga o te tirohanga, te ohorere i runga i te mau hiero, me huri noa i te kanohi.
• Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (patua e uaua pakoire, ohorere kitea i roto i te kōhao-waha, me te awa taringa).
• Engine (myotomes miharo me dermatomes, amuamu tūroro o te mamae nui i roto i uaua e alangá o te kikowhiti).

E ai ki te akoranga o te mate te wehewehe i enei momo:

• abortifacient (kahore he mamae, me te hikaka te);
• whēwhē (porahurahu rawa nui);
• toto (reira toto i roto i te mirumiru exudate);
• Necrotic (papules puta i runga i te wahi o te necrosis kiri);
• te whakatakiruatanga o (ponana katoa i runga i te tinana).

tātaringa

tinga hauora me ngā te aroaro o te hunga ponana, ko te maha hape mo whēkau, angina, kiripūkahu me ētahi atu mate. whakahaere tātari taiwhanga ki te tika. Varicella-zoster whakakitea tātaritanga tere, ko ki te titiro i te tauira i raro i te karu. te whakamahi i hoki immunofluorescence me tikanga serological. Mātanga rangahau taiwhanga kawea atu i roto i te wā e whai ake nei:

• Grudnichki-tūroro;
• āhua tamariki ārai;
• herpes mohiotia;
• akoranga uaua o te mate.

I roto i te tamariki, te huaketo i roto i te kopu, kua kitea i roto i te maha nui o paturopi varicella-zoster paturopi IgG me IgM. whakamana pārōnaki e PCR. āwhina hoki tēnei tauhohenga ki te tautuhi i te huaketo i roto i te ngaro o te hunga ponana i runga i te kiri, me ona aroaro i runga i nga whekau.

Maimoatanga o te herpes zoster

Ki te ko pai te tātaritanga - pāngia varicella-zoster ki 100% tino. I muri i taua, ka whakatau i te tākuta te hātepe maimoatanga. Me mea e ahau e te tinga iwi taitamariki haere kahore taero, engari e tohu kai, me te moenga okiokinga. Ka taea e ngā rongoā tere ora me te ārai i pōauautanga, me te ki te tango i te mamae, me te pāmahana, ki te mea he.

Patu huaketo whakaritea ki tūroro pakeke atu i te 50 tau, nui whakawarea, i tukua e whara me te pokanga, e mate ana i te pāngia e, me ngā tamariki. raau taero lahi - ko "Acyclovir" "Famciclovir", "Valacyclovir", me i roto i te painkillers "Ibuprofen", "Ketoprofen", "naproxen" me analogues. i runga i te whakaaturanga whakaritea anticonvulsants, pōuritanga, corticosteroids hoki. A, no te huaketo ki varicella-zoster kanohi, me te / te manawanui ranei falemahaki te roro.

pōauautanga

Kua Kua korerotia i roto i te 28% ora i tinga. Tūroro amuamu o:

• atarua;
• rongo mate;
• pāhoahoa auau me te aita e;
• noa putanga whanoke;
• tetahi raru tinana i muri i te ngaro o te hunga ponana.

Hoki kia whakawhanake te tahi mau tūroro iti hoki cardiac tākihi me / ranei, rere pōauautanga o mate oncological, matapo, turi, kino ki te roro, me te / kiko ua ranei.

hangaia te kano Zostavax te rite te mehua ārai. whakapumautia Ko tōna whai huatanga te empirically, rite ki te 50%.