Huhu - he aha te mea tenei?

He iti ake atu i te rau tau ki muri, e kore i mōhio o te oraraa o ngā rōpū toto rerekē te tangata. Mō tauwehe rH, ua haapii matou nui i muri, tau 76 anake i mua. Mai reira, kua mutu huhu ki kia whakamate i roto i te āhua me te kua riro tata mau whakaora tukanga ora o te iwi kia maha huri noa i te ao.

Ko te pūtaiao o te huhu

Huhu - Ko tetahi o nga wāhanga o hematology, te pūtaiao o te toto tenei. Kua ia kua ako huhu, te kēna, wāwāhi toto motu, te tenenga o whakakapi toto tāwhaiwhai, me te te maimoatanga o raruraru taea ki te huhu me te i muri i te reira. Hematology a Transfusiology i ngā - i whakanuia manga o rongoā hou. E kore te mea poitirere tenei.

No te tākuta, kaha tohunga tiaki, obstetricians, kairehu me transplant te putanga me te whanaketanga o taua pūtaiao rite Transfusiology - ko te taahiraa nui mua tenei.

He rau tau ki muri, he huhu toto e whakamahia anake mo te ohorere, me te taea e matou te mea, rite te parepare whakamutunga. I roto i te mau huru i reira kua ahu whakamua te mate, a ka kore atu mehua hauora hāparapara ranei katoa, te tākuta me te manawanui taea ki te tango i te tūpono. i mohio tonu te manawanui me te tākuta e te auau angitu ko āhua rite ki te tūponotanga o te mate.

I teie mahana Transfusiology - ko te pūtaiao hou, me te tere whakawhanake. Reira i reira he tonu he rota o ngā āhuatanga me hanga.

Basics huhu

Ko te pūtake o te huhu pūtaiao hoatu te whakatuwheratanga 1900 me 1940 momo toto me te tauwehe rH. Ko reira ka e ako tangata o te oraraa o te iwi i runga i te whenua ki te rōpū rerekē e whā:

• Ahau - 0.
• II - A.
• III - B.
• IV - AB.

Na te oraraa o ngā āhuatanga Rhesus e rua:

• Te pai o (Rh-).
• Negative (rH +).

Atu rangahau whakaaetia ki te whakatau i nga take o aituā i roto i te huhu me te whakaatu tūtohi hototahi i runga i ngā rōpū toto (kite. Raro).

rōpū toto me te take rH kore e taea te huri i runga i te ora, e kore e whakawhirinaki i runga i te iwi, sex, a kua riro āhuatanga takitahi. Huhu ko te kï, ka whakaako tākuta ki te whakamahi i taua matauranga i roto i te tiaki o tūroro i roto i te hiahia o huhu.

huhu

I teie mahana, Kei te tata kore whakamahia te huhu o te tangata toto katoa ki waho te whakamahi o te tiaki me te stabilization. Te nuinga whakamahia hoki te wae tika o te manawanui mavahe tikanga fractionation, rawa tukinotia me tino maha whakatotoka. whakamahi mōtepe, Kikī pūtau toto whero, wē, tokanga leukocytes.

Tei runga i te pae o te whakahaere o ngā wāhanga toto, i reira ko nga momo e whai ake nei o te huhu (whaowhia):

• Rō-uaua (i roto i te rua).
• Intraarterially (mā te uaua).
• Intraosseous (ki te tinana o te wheua o te manawanui).
• Intracardiac (ki te ana roro maui tika ki te ngakau poka ranei i roto i te kiri).
• Intrauterine (ki rH-pakanga hapūtanga poka hua te kukune i roto i te kopu).

A, no te hiahia koe i te huhu toto

Ahakoa nga whakatutukitanga me nui huhu wheako haumanu, whakaaro tenei hātepe te he mahi transplantologicheskoy nui, me te kore e taea te kī i te ngaro oti o pōauautanga me tūponotanga i roto i te wā roa.

Heoi, i reira e mārama tohu mō te huhu:

1. Tuhinga pūmau (kahore tūroro kaituku toto i mōrearea nui o te mate, i reira he kahore contraindications):

• mate toto nui;
• paorooro muri whētuki;
• āhua kāpeka (mate o te kikokiko i runga i te ara).

2. Tuhinga whanaunga (kahore huhu toto kia ora i te manawanui, a ko reira he wahi anake o te maimoatanga e āta whakaaro i te rata, me te manawanui nga contraindications taea, mahino te mōrearea ka tūmanakohia hua.)

• anemia tika ki toto;
• anemia ma'i i roto i te taahiraa kanisā;
• coagulation syndrome whakatō i roto i te oko;
• mate toto nui ake i te 30%;
• takahi o te coagulation toto, e kore he Nireaha ki te maimoatanga;
• hemophilia, cirrhosis, kakā whakapeka, meinga upoo- toto iti;
• mate pukupuku toto me etahi atu mate pukupuku;
• paihana nui;
• sepsis.

A, no te kore e taea e koe huhu toto?

mate nui o te pūnaha Cardiovascular, te wāhanga 2, me te 3 o te kore circulatory, atherosclerosis, patu, kohi, i roto i te wā o te exacerbation, te hehema ki te hanga i clots toto, huangō, rūmātiki, pāwera, edema pūkahukahu - contraindications tika katoa hoki huhu . kore tetahi pokapū huhu ki te farii i tūroro ki taua mate, me te tūtohu ki te titiro mo te tahi atu, ara iti meá o maimoatanga.

tukanga

I whakauru tangohia te manawanui i roto i te Institute o Hematology me Blood huhu i roto i tona toto i ki te whakatau i te momo, me te tauwehe rH. Kei te nuinga o hanga tika tenei tātari haamaramaramaraa tere ki kanohi tangata. Ano he kau te uiui i roto i runga i te tātaritanga, tangohia te toto kei i runga i te tātaritanga haumanu o te pēhanga toto whanganga, auau ngakau, pāmahana tinana. I muri i taua hanga tauira koiora hototahi ki te kaiwhiwhi, me nga wae toto ki te kia transfused. I roto i te rua o te manawanui whakahaerea nei e pā ana ki 15 milliliters wāhanga, me te ara whakautu.

Ki te haere katoa te pai, hei hanga i te manapou pōkai ki wāhanga (wera defrost ranei), a ka tohu te manawanui te tuhinga e tika ana. Toto ringihia rite ki te tikanga whiriwhiri o huhu rata.

I muri whakaritea te tukanga e ki te moenga okiokinga, tirohanga auau o te kaiwhiwhi, te mana o te pāmahana tinana (ki runga, ki te toru nga wa te haora i roto i te ra), ka whakamana te toto, me te tātari mimi.

He aha te mea te toto whakamahia mō te huhu

O te akoranga, te puna tuatahi o te toto hoki atu tukatuka me te faaineineraa o te wae he kaituku. Ko reira e te tahi atu puna.

Hangarua - Ko te tuatahi o te toto katoa i te uho me ewe. Kei te kohia reira i muri i whanau i te tamaiti te. Kei te tapahia te uho, me te aseptically toto toe whakawhitia ki te umanga motuhake. I muri i ia tuku i kohia he toharite o 200 ml. Ki te whanaketanga tere o te pūtaiao e tūtohu inaianei ki te rokiroki i reira mo a ratou tamariki i roto i ngā tahataha motuhake. E tika ana e i roto i te tākuta tata ake nei ka taea ki te kia tukinotia ki te toto taura pito he maha nui o mate.

Te tupapaku - te toto o te iwi hauora, me te ohorere mate (rite ki te hua o fakatamaki me ngā aituā, infarction myocardial, ru, toto kaka, kore ngakau congestive, me ētahi atu). hanga te taiepa te kore i muri i te ono haora i muri i te mate i roto i te nui o i tetahi ki te wha rita. Kaua rawa e whakamahi te toto o te iwi ki ngā mate hopuhopu, matepukupuku, HIV, mate kohi, paipai pākewakewa, mate o paihana.

Autohemotransfusion - huhu o te toto ka mau i mua o te manawanui e purea ko reira. Ko reira ano hoki e taea whētuki puku, me te whānui toto ā izlivshuyusya kohikohi toto i roto i te kōhao tinana me muri purenga whakahaere ano ki te manawanui. Ko te haumaru atu tenei tukanga, rite katia reira te taea o te pato'iraa.

takoha

Katoa hōhipera i roto i to tatou whenua, ko te tonu i roto i te hiahia o te toto. Haere i te pera-ka karanga ra o te kaituku, i reira he kaituku tangata kaituku kaha me kaituku noa kororia, engari ahakoa, kei te tino ngaro ngā rauemi.

Ia hauora whanaunga o nga tangata o to matou whenua i te tau o 18 ki te 55 e taea te tango i tetahi wahi i roto i te hōtaka ki te āwhina i whakaora ora. ka rapua e tenei anake te tono ki te teihana tata o huhu toto. I mua kawea tetahi whakamātautau i roto i noa o tiaki (tae atu pakewakewa, kakā me HIV). Te nuinga o nga kaitūao hoatu toto mō te kore utu, engari i reira e ano tikanga poapoa pūtea. riro kaituku katoa he pūtake whakahauanga i runga i te rā o te toto parakuihi me te tina ranei tina, utu pūtea, me te putanga atu. Ka taea te tango i te toto katoa waru wiki, ki runga ki te rima nga wa i te tau.

Institute o Hematology me te Toto huhu Rangahau

huhu toto - i tenei ra e wātea ana i roto i te maha ngā tukanga hōhipera. Otiia i roto i Russia reira e Russian Research Institute o Hematology ko Blood huhu FMBA, whakaaro nei ko te pokapū ārahi o pūtahi pūtaiao, me te hauora o te whenua. Kei roto i St Petersburg i 2 Sovetskaya ara, 16.

Huhu Research Institute whakarato momo katoa o-te-toi raruraru e pā ana te tiaki hauora, me te pā toto mate. I roto i whai wāhi ona taiepa e i roto i te maimoatanga o te mate pukupuku, te rokiroki o ngā pūtau kakau, tīpako me te rokiroki o whēkau me te kopa o te tinana tangata. i roto i te Institute hoki whakaritea Tari o Orthopedics ko te traumatology, Radiology, rongoā iraruke, pokanga, mahi ngā momo o tātaritanga taiwhanga.