"Iskander" pūnaha pere. "Iskander-M" (pūnaha pere): āhuatanga

Ko taua āhuatanga ka hāpaitia e nāianei e i roto i te tikanga ki te tiaki i te mana arii, me te mana o te whenua i roto i whanaunga ao e faufaa tauira hou o ringa. Ko te pono rawa tenei, ina tae mai te reira ki te matatini karihi rauhanga, i te mea te taurangi whakamutunga o te rangimarie i runga i te ao. O te akoranga, te wāhi matua i roto i te ai anahoki i te hoariri pea no missiles rautaki, engari ara pūnaha pere "Iskander" he taea ki te pupuri i tokomaha o whakatau ohorere.

I hanga tēnei tauira o ringa ki te whakangaro i ngā āhuatanga mara ngā whāinga puku i roto i te hoariri korero paparanga. Ko tenei nui nga atu katoa e te rautaki o te pakanga o nāianei presupposes te patu e wewete to ārai, e kore e tukua te hoariri ka taea ki te whakamahi i ona patu karihi. Hoki, mai i taea e koe i roto i te wā ki te pehi i tona pūnaha pere korero.

tikanga o te hanga

I hanga te reira i roto i te taiao i reira hainatia te Soviet Union me te United States i te whakaaetanga ki te whakawhāiti i te maha o patu karihi rauhanga (INF). tupu tenei i roto i te 1987. I nga hoariri pea taua whakaae i runga i te katoa whakakorenga o te whakamahi o patu karihi i roto i te whawhai i mua nei.

Ko reira no te mea o te matatini hou kawea mai ki te maha nui o ngā whakaritenga: ka mau te reira i te makanga oti o submunitions karihi, ko reira tika ki te whakarato tika tata kaituhi, haumi ki te rahi missiles huri mai taea. I tua atu, e hiahiatia ana ki te whakarite i te tohu taea nui o aunoatanga rite te pere me tona whakarewanga i tohunga.

Ehara i te iti rawa i te mea o tenei pūnaha pere "Iskander" i roto i Kaliningrad kua hanga te hakari "pōrutu" i roto i te rarangi o nga kaitōrangapū Baltic e i roto i te aitua timata e whakatangi e pā ana ki te riri hou e iri ana i runga i to ratou mana arii.

Ko te tūranga o ngā pūnaha whakatere amiorangi

Ko te whakaritenga matua e hāngai ana ki te mo'oni o tenei ra, ka taea ki te whakamahi i te raraunga riro i ngā pūnaha amiorangi tūnga ( "Glonass», NAVSTAR). Mai i te pūkenga matatini hou e hiahiatia ana ki te pai nui noa patua e ia nga pukupuku Armoured neke, i te auau taea rawa o te ahi me te ki te hinga korero pere o te hoariri i roto i te hohonu.

wheako tuatahi

matatini pere Ready "Iskander" i whakamatauria tuatahi i roto i 2007. Ko te ka korerotia Pirimia Sergei Ivanov ki te peresideni e kore e te ine i te ūnga nui kotahi mita. I tino whakapumautia enei reiti teitei i muri i ui i nga raraunga nga tikanga katoa o te tirohanga ataata, i whai wāhi nei i roto i te tamataraa i taua ra i.

I hanga tenei kororia katoa i roto i KBM, Kolomna. mohiotia tenei kapeneti hoahoa te huri noa i te ao, i te mea he reira i konei ka anga tona "mahi" complexes "Point", "Strela" me "wāpu", me ētahi atu tauira o motu Sams o rerekē whakatupuranga. E hangaia Ētahi āhuatanga i roto i CDB "Titan" (Pūwhakarewa), Central Research Institute o Automatics ko Hydraulics (te pūnaha tino nui o te arata'iraa tītere aunoa).

He aha te mea te whakaaro?

Kia rite ki ta kua mea matou, i hanga āta te matatini pere "Iskander" mō aro pū i runga i ngā whāinga huna hohonu muri rārangi hoariri, tiakina e te pūnaha pere korero hou.

Ko te ahanoa e whai ake nei e taea te mahi kia rite ki ngā whāinga:

• Artillery me missiles o te hoariri, nohanga nui o waka Armoured.
• whakaurunga Defence.
• wae Air, i te wa o te whakamahinga i runga i te whenua.
• rōpū katoa me te matatini pipiri.
• hanganga Meiha, te mate o e mauiui pā te hoa tauwhainga.
• Ētahi atu ngā taumata nui i roto i te rohe hoariri.

Mai te anti-rererangi matatini pere "Iskander" he rerekē tere unobtrusive me tiketike rawa ki te taka i taua mea ki te rere, he mea he riri rawa nui mo hoariri pea katoa.

Ko e konga o te "Iskander"?

Ko te pūnaha ngā te āhuatanga matua e whai ake nei: kōwae whaiaro-tīhokatia mō te whakarewa tākirirangi mo tona motokā mō te transportation, me te tohutohutia anga. I tua atu, i reira he he huinga motuhake mo te hanga me te tiaki o ngā taputapu katoa, ira kaimahi me te mīhini motuhake ki te tātari i te mōhiohio whiwhi, me te whakaurunga whakangungu mō ngā kaimahi.

tākirirangi āhuatanga whakamahia

Ko te take i mua i tatou rauhanga matatini pere "Iskander" whakamahi totoka-wahie pere ki te taahiraa kotahi, i roto i nei e kore te te wahi upoko wehea i roto i te rere. Ahakoa nekeneke maia i roto i rere, ka taea e te tītere puta noa ratou ara kia whakahaeretia e te kaiwhakahaere i te pou whakahau. Ko rerekē i te tīmatanga, me te i te huarahi ki te ūnga hua huri mai Motuhake ina ko te pere i raro i kikī i 30G. Mai kia te pūnaha korero pere ki te rere ki runga ki taua mea i te tere rua rite tiketike rite i fakafepaki'i whai hua hakari "Iskander" noa e kore e tīari.

Ko te anga whare i hanga e te tikanga motuhake, te whakaiti reira kitenga mo SAM hoariri. I tua atu, te nuinga o te ara e te tākirirangi, i i te teitei o 50 km, e te mea hoki tekau nga wa te whakaiti i te tūponotanga o tona mōhio wā. whakaratohia hihiani Whakahewa te ki coatings motuhake te whakarōpūtia nei hanganga.

"Iskander" whakamārama tenei te whakamanamana o te ahumahi motu, kua rite kua whāngai. Ko te pūnaha pere (Kaliningrad me te katoa rohe hōia Western e kua rite rawa ratou ki) tenei momo kia hohoro ki te riro e waeine hōia katoa i roto i te whenua.

te mau parau tumu te arata'iraa i runga i ūnga

E kawea missiles Faahopearaa i te ūnga i te taha o nga ngā o te matatini, i muri i nei mai i roto i te pūnaha matatini o te whāhoki. Ko te taputapu matawai te whenua i roto i te rere, hanga tona tauira mamati. Ko ia i runga i-papa rorohiko te tonu whakaritea ki te whakapakoko tohutoro kua e kua utaina ki te mahara i mua i te rere tākirirangi.

He pai ngā pūnaha anti-jamming, me te he kaha nui mō ngā take āhukahuka i roto i tata tetahi taiao imi Optical. Tenei taea ki a koe i papaki i te ūnga pokarekarenga (ki te hapa o kaua e nui ake o mita te tokorua) i roto i te po rawa moonless. Taua pū i roto i taua tikanga e kore e taea te mohio e tetahi tetahi o nga pūnaha o tākirirangi ahi, anga NATO rākau.

Muri reira i reira, me te kore e rite i te "Iskander". pūnaha pere i Hiria, hoatu hoki i roto i Hakihea whakamutunga tau, whakaaetia tonu ki te whakaiti i te kaha o kare, ka awhinatia te kāwanatanga tika ki te displacement o nga ope anti-rongonui i te whenua. I tua atu, kua riro te taha ki Russian tino mōhiohio e pā ana ki te whakamahi o missiles whawhai matatau.

"Independent" tākirirangi

Ahakoa te meka e i roto i ngā āhuatanga noa e taea te ārahi pere matatini "Iskander" e tohu i ao āmiorangi pūnaha tūnga, i raro i ngā āhuatanga e tika ana, ka mahi rawa te pai ona ngā kahore ratou. E na pau e tukua e ratou ki te whakarite i te hinga o te mau opuaraa i tohua i roto i tata tetahi taiao te pūnaha arata'iraa hiko-optical.

Ratau, te pūnaha whāhoki "Iskander", ki te tika, e taea te ngāwari tāuta noa i runga i missiles karihi ballistic, hanga nga opuaraa o te hoariri pea tino rawa pouri. No te mea o tenei te matatini pere Russian "Iskander" i roto i te Te Hau-ā-uru he ingoa rawa hinana, ahakoa he mārama tona mahi e kore ake ki te hunga o te paura karihi fakavaha'akonitinēnití.

āhuatanga warhead

Kua whakatakotoria Constructors te kaha ki te whakamahi i ngā momo rerekē noa tekau o matā. Ēnei ngā poma tautau ki ngā āhuatanga o te contactless ngingio huānga whawhai ki katoahia, kāhui kariri ki whaiaro āhuatanga-me te he kuware tiketike-taikaha, wāwāhi me momo hei tahutahu. Ki te whakamahi koe i te pere whaiaro-ārahi ki te mea timatanga, ka kia patua ratou ngā whāinga maha, haehae i te teitei o ono ki te tekau mita i runga ake ia ratou.

Whaiaro tītere ki te tūranga puhipuhi tata e ata wha taranata, me te taimaha tika warhead ko 480 kg. Ko te kupu, ko te matatini pere "Iskander-K" ko tetahi o te deterrence kore-karihi kaha tino, e te hunga i roto i te mahi o to tatou ope.

Āhuatanga o te tahi atu huānga

Whaiaro-tīhokatia mīhini mo te whakatinanatanga taea rere te wā kotahi kawe ake ki rua missiles, tuku ki a ratou rere i te koki ki runga ki te 90 nekehanga ki te faatura ki te whenua. Kei runga i te tahuhu moana ki te 8x8, e taea tika i roto i ara te wahi i reira e tino ngaro nga rori (MAZ-79306 "whetu"). I roto i te tahi atu mea, e whakarato ana te reira i te nekeneke pai taea o te matatini, ara i roto i te pakanga.

Ētahi āhuatanga o taputapu whakahaere me te arata'iraa

takitahi e taea tāutanga whakatau i te taunga o tona wāhi, kei te kōrero ki nga āhuatanga katoa o te "Iskander", whakarite he missiles whakarewatanga kotahi, me te salvo. E kore te mea te wa i taenga ki te pakunga neke atu i te 20 meneti i raro i te tātai huru rite me toro kore ake atu i te kotahi meneti i waenganui i rōnihi projectiles. hanga tenei te matatini pere "Iskander", te āhuatanga o e he kua mīharo, tikanga tino kino o te whakaeke.

Tīmata tūranga kore e hiahia ki te faaineine i. I tua atu, i te tātai, ko te kore hiahia ki te puta i te kapa: te fariiraa i whakahau, tohunga mutu "Iskander" i roto i te tapawha hoatu, faaineine i te pūnaha katoa, me te hanga i te pakunga. Ko te okotahi anake he marshland, te wahi e tika ana ki te whakarite i tētahi papa whakarewanga atu iti iho ranei pūmau. I muri i oma mīhini mahi toro mo te tūranga i mua i-whakaritea mō te reloading.

Ko te kupu, ko te "Iskander-M" - pūnaha pere o te whakatupuranga hou, e whakarite tiaki pono o te mana arii kāwanatanga.

Hoki ngā mōhiohio e pā ana ki te tahuhu, me ētahi atu mihini

huriaro e ata 42 taranata, taimaha o te ututaumaha kawea e kore iti iho i te 19 m, huanui, me te whenua ara tere whariki he 70 (40) km / h. Anake teihana hau kotahi, "Iskander" taea haere i te iti rawa 1,000 km. Ko te tau mua ko te toru tangata tatauranga, engari i roto i te pakanga kia nui haere ai to ratou maha.

Machine mō te utanga, me te kawe e huihui ano i runga i te MAZ-79306 ( «Computer"). Kei te rite rawa te reira ki te warou ki te utanga o tikanga hurihiko-aunoa. e ata te reira i rite 40 tana, hoki ki kaimahi tiaki i te nui o te iwi e rua.

matatini tari matua

Ko te ngakau o te matatini katoa ko te whakahau me te kaimahi waka. Kei te hanga te reira i runga i te pūtake o KAMAZ waka. Ka taea te kawea Exchange o ngā mōhiohio i waenganui i te "Iskander" huānga katoa i rua i roto i te aratau noa, me te hohonu whakamunatia. e kore e tukua e tere o te utu ngā mōhiohio i roto i te take whakamutunga.

He matatini ngā kaimahi e wha nga wahi mo ngā tino aunoa, te tawhiti tuku mōrahi i waenganui i nga waka o 350 kiromita mō waka noho tahi me te 50 kiromita i raro i whawhai hīkoi. wā mahi tonu o ngā āhuatanga katoa o te pūnaha arata'iraa me mana o te tikanga o rua nga ra.

Machine tiaki aunoa

Ka rite ki i roto i te take o mua, e hāngai ana i runga i te "KAMAZ" waka huriaro. Hangaia ki te whakamatautau i te mana pere e rua i roto i te Pūwhakarewa me i roto i ngā kaipuke, taea reira ki a koutou tirohia me te hanga waeine me ngā pūhanga o te matatini katoa, kahore te hiahia hoki ki reira kawe reira ki te wahi o te whakamahinga tūturu. Ko te mīhini e ata 13.5 t, tohatoha i roto i iti iho i te 20 meneti, i te taki pūnaha me ngā tikanga katoa e kore e e nui ake 18 meneti. matatini Ratonga o te iwi e rua.

I roto i te whānui, i te pere matatini "Iskander", te āhuatanga mahi e kitea e tatou, ko te maintainability faahiahia noa i roto i te tikanga tino tino.

kohinga nama take, tātari me te faaineineraa o te mōhiohio

whakamahia ana tēnei mīhini te ki kohikohi me te tātari mōhiohio tikanga e te mo te whakahaere ki te missiles rorohiko onboard. I roto i te hanganga i reira e rua wāhimahi mō ngā e taea kitea me te tuku i te taunga ngā taumata whakaekea hoki kotahi e rua ranei meneti. Ka taea e kawe te reira i te ohipa hōia tonu mō te 16 haora.

I te pae hopea, te tautoko te ora motokā. Ka taea te whakamana te reira i runga i tetahi taraka tahuhu commercially wātea ana, whakamahia hoki okiokinga me kai ki runga ki te waru iwi i te wa.

āhuatanga matua o te pūnaha

Ko tōna painga matua ko e, rite tētahi "Iskander-M" i hanga. pūnaha pere hangaia e kaihoahoa tino i runga i te pūtake o ngā raraunga whiwhi Soviet me te ope Russian. I te kau, i te reira tawhiti nui e kore anake whanaketanga katoa mua kāinga, engari ano hoki i te whakataetae tauira ke katoa.

Ko te tikanga, anti-rererangi pere matatini "Iskander" he maha o ngā āhuatanga matua kua:

• hinga pū atâ o ara iti, me te pai-tiaki i nga take rangi.
• Puku me whakamahinga tere hanga reira hoariri tino kino.
• Ka taea te whakamana tōtika mahi whawhai ara i roto i te counteraction hohe o te hoariri.
• huri mai Excellent me patency rauhanga whakaratohia e tiketike-mahi waka huriaro.
• Ko te tohu teitei o te aunoatanga o tukanga katoa o te whawhai.
• Mauroa me te noho pai o te hanga, ara mara.

I tua atu, i te whakahaere-rauhanga pere matatini "Iskander" tutuki nga whakaritenga katoa i utaina e tiriti ā-ao i runga i te tini-kore o etahi momo o patu. Ka taea te kite i te pakanga rohe rite patu o deterrence, a mo nga whenua ki te rohe iti, me te mahi ki te hei i te momo matua o te pere. kōrero tōna hanganga te taea o te whakarerekētanga atu, e te whakapūmau i "Iskander" mahi roa ki te tiaki i te moni tūmatanui.

Ētahi atu āhuatanga pai

Kei te hohonu integrated whakahau me te pūnaha mana ki te taputapu rite o complexes rite e tu i roto i te täoro kāwanatanga. E taea te tiki mōhiohio e kore anake i te kohinga raraunga mīhini me te tukatuka, engari ano ki te reconnaissance rererangi, UAV atu taputapu ranei. tātai misioni Flight te tata tonu. Ka taea te hoatu te kapa i te tīmatanga o te whawhai ki te rangatira o te matatini, engari ano hoki te whakahau nui hōia i te tūranga kati e kore anake.

Mai kotahi "Iskander" ko i runga i te papa e rua ngā tākirirangi, a i roto i o ratou whitinga waipūtanga me rua meneti, te kararehe te mana o te tino enei wehenga complexes rite ki taua o te iwi iti. I roto i te parau tumu, te whiriwhiri tika o matā, nga ringa tauira tino ōrite ki te whānuitanga poto patu karihi.