Journalism - he hītori ... me nga taketake o te nūpepa. Tari o te nūpepa

Ko te tikanga o te nūpepa, ka taea e te tiki e koe he maha nui o wānanga huri noa te ao. Heoi, nga pau o reira mohiotia te rite i roto i te mahi, ka mohio i roto i te wheako. I te mea te rohe Whakaatu kei te haere i te kaitono ki te ako, tei te whiriwhiri i runga i te whare wānanga.

He he he mahi taua - ki te mohio i nga mea katoa

Journalism - he ratonga ranei karanga? O te akoranga, te tuatahi o katoa ko reira he tikanga i reira e hiahiatia ana i ō rātou pūkenga. Ka taea e te kairīpoata tuhituhi he tuhinga roa, ki te tiki i te uiuiraa, he tukunga noatanga press. Hoki rerekē tenei makehe i roto i te whakapā tamau ki te iwi i ngā wāhi rerekē. Na reira, taea ki te meinga ki a ratou whakawhirinaki me te farii i te mōhiohio e tika ana tenei rangatira press ko. Tenei tekitiwhi me kaiwhakaari, me te kaituhi i roto i te tangata kotahi. O te akoranga, arata'i te taua mahi maha-faceted ki roha tere o Horizons.

E haere pukatuhi

Ka taea te tāutuhia pene mango Real e te titiro motuhake. titiro kaimahi pāpāho i te ao vēkeveke, titiro puna a tawhio noa infopovod o raraunga tāuru mō te rauemi, me hoapā pāpori hou. Tenei, o te akoranga, e kore te auraa e te tauira rongonui ko kiriata Paparazzi o Fellini ko te kairīpoata pono, whakaatu i te kore o te mărû e, me te kaupare. Otiia kahore te wawetanga i roto i te pāpāho mahi tetahi mea. I muri i te katoa, ka rite ki whakahuatia e Vladimir Pozner i te hōtaka "School mō take" nūpepa - he reira makutu e vai anake i roto i te taime reira.

Ki te hanga te mea pai, kia rite mai i te pūtirotiro mōhiohio, kia tona arotake me te whakaputa i te nako tika mokowā. Ko reira reira wahi o te press taea te kitea i runga i notepads gadget newfangled e rave i te taua mahi ranei.

taea ki te tapaea te rongo kaimahi pāpāho pūmanawa ko na i te mea e taea e kore ki te pānui i. He mea nui ki te āta mahino te pikitia rongo o te āhuatanga, ki titiro te heterogeneity o ngā rauemi, me te hopu aro o te whakarongo i runga i te whakaaro matua o te whakamahi i te hinganga o te kupu.

O te akoranga, he tokomaha ite e nūpepa - ko te tuahine teina o te tuhinga, me te he te toi o reira ki te mahi ki te āhua o te peita kaipeita. Heoi, tino maha whiriwhiri kaituhi pūmanawa tenei ara, tahi ki tenei kōrero tuhituhi pai me pukapuka. Ko reira taea e kua hanga ora hou o hermits, kaituhi iwi ārahi i te ora pāpori kaha. Na kei te rapu i te kaituhi hoki e kore e ana pūāhua i roto i te wāhi i roto, me te mano o pakia. Ko te whakaahua poto o te kaimahi pāpāho hou tenei.

Turanga o te rīpoata: rauemi whakangungu

News - Ko te uho o te makutu, nga mahi hua o te pūtirotiro ngaio tenei. Ko te pāpāho He mōhiohio nui. Facts me ngā tūturu hanga te rauemi ngā. Nounou me te nounou i roto i te pāpāho rongo i kahore wahi. Tetahi whare o rīpoata hones i ona ākonga te kaha ki te wehe i te nui i te iti. E whakangungua ngā ākonga ki te deduce te whakaaro taketake, ki te rapu kōrero nui i roto i te akoranga o te tūhuratanga, ki te tukatuka raraunga me te rauemi ngā reira. Ko te taketake o te nūpepa tenei.

ako hoki ngā ākonga i te wāhi ngā e he tino rerekē i ia atu tikanga me te kāhua o te whakaaturanga. Newspaper nūpepa, reo irirangi me te kaikawe kōrero pouaka whakaata rapu utu pūkenga rerekē.

I tua atu, i reira he wāhi pērā i photojournalism me reklamistika. Heoi, tata katoa o ratou e rapu te kupu pai o te kupu. Hei tuhituhi tuhinga mō te tānga, he mea nui ki te e taea ki te torutoru a tapaea te meka ki te virtuoso hiahia irirangi korero ki ngā mahi pouaka whakaata, i roto i te tua ki te runga ake, me e taea ki te mahi i roto i te tāpare koe.

E ahau te take - rite ki te haere

Tino maha marama taiohi ake te hiahia ki te rangatira te tikanga o te āpiha press, engari kihai i kawe atu tona tūhuratanga kairīpoata e pā ana ki te whare e tika ana. te tikanga taka te kōwhiringa i runga i te tata ki te kāinga ranei te whare wānanga whaimana. Heoi, me tango tatou i te wa ano tatou ki pūkete nga pau o te tari.

I roto i Russia kua tata nga pa nui te whai wāhi ki te farii i te mātauranga kounga i roto i te philology. Heoi, i reira e he maha o ngā whare wānanga, e whakarato mātauranga tino motuhake i roto i te rohe e te hunga hiahia i roto i te kaitono.

O te akoranga, tenei MSU nūpepa, kura nūpepa me MGIMO'inisititiutí MEDIA RSUH.

kua puta nūpepa International i MGIMO i 1968. Ki te whakaaro ki te Institute mo Mass Media, whāinga te State Russian University Fakaetangata ki te whakaako mātauranga toi i te taumata tiketike i roto i te tikanga fakahā e te mōhiohio tau.

MSU - Ko te turanga o te rīpoata, i roto i to tatou whenua, kia ka whakaaro te manga i roto i te taipitopito atu.

paetahi katoa o te whare wānanga matua e toru i te whai wāhi ki te ako e founga ki te hanga i ō rātou rauemi pāpāho ake, me te ki te whakatere noa i roto i te mōhiohio ki te kitea e ia i reira, i reira taea ki te tangata noa he. Ehara i nga manga o rīpoata taea ki a koe te tiki mahi whānui, ko te take i roto i ngā whare wānanga nui o te whenua kia rite ki.

whare wānanga tāwāhi

Ko te aravihi tino mana me whare wānanga i roto i te ao, te whakarite kairīpoata, i to ratou ake iho ahurei o te akoranga. Otiia ki te aroaro o tīpakohia te hanganga o te pere i hāngai i runga i nga hiahia ā-o te whenua, engari inaianei, i roto i te tau o te ao, kei te piki hanga atu pūkenga te hōtaka ngā kura wetereo. A, i ngā ākonga i te whai wāhi ki te tiki i te wheako ahurei. Ko reira hoki te rironga o ngā pūkenga ngaio i roto i ngā ākonga Guru pāpāho hinga tawhiti a'ee me ngā ārai reo.

Kei te kura o Journalism, whakaaro nei tetahi o te whaimana tino, e i roto i te University Columbia, USA. Tenei e whakangungua rangatira o te pene i roto i te ūnga nui katoa.

Hoki kaikawe kōrero i roto i te mara o te ture, me te ohaoha, ko te ki te haere ki te Whare Wānanga o Madrid Carlos III. Fundamentals o ngā pūkenga tuhituhi whakaako konei i roto i te poro o tikanga ā, me humanities.

kairīpoata Scientific whiwhi te wheako e tika ana i roto i te University Dortmund i Germany. Tenei e whakaako marau tūturu me hangarau, tiaki paetahi mahi pūtaiao i runga i ngā take i tīpakohia. I tua atu, he rite ki te pēhi i te rangatira o te kōtaha hangarau Germany. te mahi tenei ki Fachhochschule Bonn-parairetia-Sieg. pūtaiao rorohiko, te pūtaiao, te hangarau mana aunoa whakaako te konei, kia rite ki te hītori o te nūpepa, te kāhua o ratou reo Māori ranei.

Ko te Ahitereiria University University o pakihi Western ako Poihākena, hākinakina me te nūpepa tōrangapū. Ko e tonoa kaimahi pāpāho, e faaaravihi i te toi o te tātari, ki te ako i ngā pūkenga i roto i te Institute o Technology Aotearoa. te faaineine tonu kaiwaiata, whakaahua me kaihoahoa. Ko te kupu, i roto i te hua Aotearoa kore he tika kairīpoata tino motuhake, engari te ngaio i te komititanga o nga wāhi e rua. He tauira tuarua o te ako e whakaranua ana ko, i te Whare Wānanga o Navarra i Spain. Here ākonga motuhake i roto i te rapunga whakaaro, a i muri i te riroraa ei kairīpoata kaitätari.

Abroad ko tonu ngā ākonga whakangungu e hāngai ana i roto i te tahi atu taiao reo. Hei tauira, te kura o Journalism i mahi ngā ākonga France haere ki Itari. I roto i te Italy, he tikanga rerekē, he wheako rerekē mō te ākonga. Ka rite ki te hua, i reira te whakaako he nūpepa motuhake. Universities huri noa te ao whakahere ratou hōtaka me ngā whakaritenga.

Matapihi ki Europe

whare wänanga Russian pērā i Moscow State Institute, State Russian Humanitarian University ko Moscow State University, tonoa ratou ākonga ki waho. Institute o Journalism whakarato te kaha ki te whiwhi wheako ke. Ko te huru matua mo tenei - te aroaro o te whakamātautau reo taukei me te tau torutoru o whakangungu i roto i te faanahoraa tumu.

Ki te te rapu i te ākonga mō te akoranga whaiaro nūpepa-, nga kawenga katoa o te rīpene takoto whero i runga i te reira. I tua atu ki enei whakamātautau, me whakarato e koe he tāhuhu tangata, he tiwhikete i runga i te noho tuwhera tonu pūtea o te kupu, me te reta o te hihiri. He mea tika ki te whakarite i tētahi kōpaki o te mahi whakaputaina i roto i te pāpāho. utu rēhitatanga, whare, me te motuhake utu - utua katoa hoki puku. I roto i tenei wahi o wānanga ke whakarite i te karahipi ki motu ke, me te hoatu i te whare.

rongo peddlers

I te tahi taime karanga kairīpoata nga māngai o te tikanga tuarua matamua, kōrero ki te kaha ki te whakaatu i te rongo i roto i te ao i roto i nei e whakahau ratou. Heoi, i roto i nga rangatira press Russian puta ngā tata - i roto i te rautau tekau mā iwa.

mai te taitara i French me te tikanga "Diary" (i te hautaka). whai wāhi Moscow publicists i hautaka. Kua ki nga kingi o Mikhail Fedorovich me Alexei Mikhailovich puta te putanga tuhi tuatahi o "Te Chimes" me "pukapuka orderlies", te nuinga i roto i o ratou whakamāoritanga whakaputaina o niupepa Pākehā: German, Swedish, Polish me Tatimana. lau News ki te kingi, me nga boyars āwhiwhi. ka puta mai i roto i te tamataraa tuatahi "Vedomosti" i roto i te 1702, arā, ano o te rongo ke. Petr Veliky ia kei roto i to koutou wa hōtaka ki te tīpako i te mōhiohio tino faufaa. timata te putanga 1703 ki te puta wā i runga i Rātū me Paraire.

Ko te kupu, ka haere mai nga akiaki o rongo mo te wa roa, engari i taea ki te whakawhanake i nūpepa muri anake i te ahua o te press tā me te hiahia tūmatanui whānui mō te kōrero hou. whakatika tenei hiahia i roto i te rau tau 17, te wā o te kotokoto hangarau, ka timata ngā kaiwhakanao ki te whai i te kōrero ohaoha e hāngai ana. Kaihokohoko hiahiatia ki te mohio i roto i nei e taea whenua hoko i te rauemi, me te wahi i reira he mihini hou mo te hanga. I tua atu, pūrongo te tānga utu, i hanga reira taea ki te ako e pā ana ki te mākete whakataetae.

I roto i te wā kotahi, puta te pāpāho he rota o te moni i ngā pokapū kāwanatanga. Na pēhi - "hoiho reti" wä, karakia, me te tōrangapū kēmu.

E āta hono ana hītori nūpepa ki te taumata whānui o te reo matatini.

He koha nui ki te ao rongo motu kawea Mikhail Lomonosov. Tona mahi "Discourse i runga i nga kawenga o ngā kairīpoata" whakatakotoria te pere o te whanaketanga o te tikanga i roto i te mau tenetere 19-20. Ko reira i runga i te pūtake o ngā whakaaro pūtaiao e pā ana ki te aha kia te tā kāinga, almanacs mahi hanga "Bell", "Moscow Telegraph", "Notes o te fatherland", "Polar Star".

hoatu te Oketopa Revolution whanau ki te "Ao New" me ētahi atu pukapuka, tae atu "News", "Komsomolskaya Pravda", "Soviet Russia".

tuku iho fatherland

Ko tētahi o nga tari nui o te whenua, whakangungu kairīpoata, nūpepa ko MSU. I te manga e 14 tari, tae atu ki: Tari o Foreign Journalism ko Literature, Tari o History o te pāpāho motu, tuhituhi, me te toi fakaanga me nūpepa, stylistics taketake pouaka whakaata reo me te pāpāho reo irirangi, hangarau pakihi niupepa, pāpāho hou me te ariā kōrero, me ētahi atu. Na he photojournalists rite, ētita ngaio, kaituhi tukutuku. nūpepa manga o Moscow State University whakarato whakangungu i roto i ngā puka:-wā tonu, wahi-wā, me te reta. Heoi, i roto i nga tau tata nei, mutu te aronga whakaturia i roto i te reta. Ko te-wā tonu aroaro niupepa, whakaahua, reo irirangi, pouaka whakaata, te ao, hākinakina, pakihi nūpepa.

Meiha pērā i ngā nūpepa, pouaka whakaata, me te kaikawe kōrero reo irirangi, me te whanaunga tūmatanui ētita, me te pakihi, taea hoki te ako i te akomanga te ahiahi.

ngā ākonga katoa rangatira te ako ā-tōrangapū, Philological me te mātanga. utua ngā aro te ki te ako o te hangarau me te auahatanga tikanga, te faaineineraa o ngā rauemi mō te hōtaka pouaka whakaata me te reo irirangi, te whakahaere o te tokotoko ētita, te rironga o ngā pūkenga i roto i te whakaputa, hanga, me te whakatairanga o pāpāho whatunga, convergent ihirangi pāpāho.

I te Faculty whakairi reira he turanga pūtaiao, me te mātauranga nui whakaratohia e te Center Ibero-American mo te Ako o Journalism ko Culture, te Free Russian-German Institute o Journalism, te Center mo te Ako o Media Scandinavia ko Finland, te Franco-Russian, Russian-Japanese, Italian-Russian, Russian-Indian, Russian pokapū -Chinese. He ki te rangatira reo ke, ako te pūnaha pāpāho me te mau parau tumu o te āhua rerekē ki te whai wāhi i roto i ngā hōtaka whakawhiti ke patua ana Faculty o Journalism ngā ākonga. Kei te pai ake tonu te hōtaka whakangungu.

Ko te hītori o 60 tau i roto i te roa

nūpepa manga o Moscow State University mo 60 nga tau, puta i neke atu i te 20 000 te iwi. I roto ia ratou - te ingoa nui Vladislav Listev ko Anna Politkovskaya. kia whakaaro o nga whetu pāpāho hou Marianna Maksimovskaya, Ernesta Matskyavichusa ko Alekseya Pivovarova o pāpāho whakangahau - ko Evelina Khromchenko, Kseniya Strizh, Dana Borisova, Tutta Larson, Andrey Malakhov. Na ka ako te kaituhi rongonui, me te rohi pehe Dmitry Bykov Vera Polozkova.

Faahiahia e kore anake paetahi, engari ano hoki te hanganga o ngā kaiako. Ko te kupu, te aroaro te Moscow State University Journalism neke atu i 165 māngai o ahorangi. I roto i kairangahau 97 ahorangi, 32 ngā kaitono o pūtaiao, me te ahorangi. He maha tauira angitu nei i puta i te Faculty o Journalism, tonu ki te whakaako i te reira i konei. I roto ia ratou - te ope irirangi Svetlana Sorokina, he fakaangá music Artemy Troitsky, tino ētita o te hōtaka "Echo o Moscow" Alexei Venediktov. Hoki enei iwi nūpepa katoa - neke atu i te tikanga, he i karangatia, kia ako i a ratou - te tikanga reira e kore noa ki te ako i te pūkenga taketake, engari ano ki te whakakitea ratou ake taranata.

Ākonga Universe putake

Kei te whakapono te reira e te pou Lomonosov - ko reira te aamu e kore anake o rīpoata, engari ano hoki he wahi o te mana me te kaituhi tuhituhi. Tenei haere mai nga ākonga taitamariki, paetahi tata, i reira te mea he zhurfakovtsev Hangouts wahi.

Ko te ako katoa i te whare wānanga moe huru motuhake, no te mea noho tahi nga ākonga i te wa rawa te roa. tukua e ratou te putanga kōwhiri o "Journalist", faaineine ia ratou whakawhitinga kāinga me ngā hōtaka ki mātātoa whakawhanake pāpāho pāpāho.

Puringa nūpepa - he matua he awheawhe auaha me tari. Tenei ako nga tamariki ki te tiaki i ō rātou whakaaro, whakarongo ki ētahi atu ngā o tirohanga, me te kōrero i runga i ia atu o te taumata urupare kounga teitei.

Hei tukua, ki te riro tana

I roto i te tikanga ki te ako i te Moscow State University, te whare wānanga, me te tetahi atu nūpepa whare wānanga tuku kaitono haere te whakamātautau tomokanga. I teie mahana, ngā ratou te whakamātautau kāwanatanga Unified i roto i Russian, me te tuhinga. I tua atu, he mea e tika ana ki te tika atu me te ke reo, i roto i nei, i roto i te tua ki Ingarihi me German, tangohia te whakamātautau i roto i French me Spanish.

whakaaro kaupapa matua te tuhinga, tango ano ki pūkete nga hua o te whakataetae auaha.

kawea whakauru takekore i roto i roto i rua ngā wāhanga. I runga i te tuatahi tīpakohia te mahi auaha pai, ka meinga te rua te kōwhiringa i roto i manakohia o nga kaitono, kua te uiuiraa tu nei.

Hoki e hoatu paetahi te whai wāhi ki te whakauru i roto i te tohu o te ariki (roanga - 2 tau). He nui ki te paturu i te uiuitanga me te whakarato i te tītohu o te mātauranga teitei tenei.

Ko te roanga o te whakangungu o ngā tohunga i roto i te rua i te mātauranga teitei ko 3 tau. Ko te whakamātautau i konei ko te taua rite mo te whakauru ki te paetahi kura. Whakangungu e wahi i runga i te pūtake utua, engari ka taea e te katoa te haere kauwhau ahorangi 'me ngā akomanga ariki i ārahi ngaio, tae atu mahi kairīpoata i ārahi rauemi pāpāho.

kairīpoata taitamariki

Hoki ngā ākonga māka 9 me te 10 e hiahia ana ki te faaineine no te nga whakamātautau tomokanga, whakahaere whakangungu nūpepa. I roto i te tikanga ki te tango i tetahi wahi i roto i ngā mahi whakangungu i runga i te hōtaka, he mea e tika ana ki te tika te mahi whakamātautau. kia pa ano hoki kaitono me tetahi atu institution - "School Journalist Young". Hoki ki ngā akomanga i te kura studio tuhituhi i tētahi tuhinga roa, me te uiuiraa te tu. akoranga nūpepa muri 9 marama. Ko te roanga whakangungu kura-studio - 1 ranei 2 tau. Journalism - he karangatanga, a kia matau pai reira i te kuao tau.

Kei te mea te reira e rite te kairīpoata, kaituhi, fakaanga, kahore i whanau, engari riro. Heoi, ki te kite koe i te tamaiti o te aroha mo te pene me te pepa, te kaha ki te tuhituhi me te kōrero i te reira ki etahi atu, faaite ratou whakaaro, me te whakarongo ki te tangata atu, ka koe tino i te ara ki te mango o te pene.