Ka rite ki reira he he whakawhiti i wai ki kāwanatanga totoka

Tetahi huringa i roto i te āhua o te mea e pā ana ki te pāmahana kāhuarau, te pēhanga. Ka taea e tetahi taonga e reira i roto i te āhua e whai ake nei o te whakawhāititanga: totoka, wai, haurehu waihā.

Kia mōhio e rite kore te te whakawhitinga kitea huringa i roto i te hanganga rauemi. tahi te whakawhiti i wai ki kāwanatanga totoka te anake e te huringa o intermolecular ope pāhekoheko whakaritenga o ngā rāpoi ngota. huaina te tauiraa i tetahi āhua ki tetahi ko te whakawhitinga wā.

rewa

Tenei tukanga tā te faafariuraa o te totoka i roto i te wai. titau hoki tona whakatinanatanga faateiteihia e te pāmahana.

Hei tauira, ka taea e tetahi mau i roto i te āhua ko te āhua o te mea. Physics ngāwari whakamārama te tukanga o, kopiko whā hukarere i raro i te mahi o nga hihi puna. tioata Iti e hanga ake te hukarere, i muri i te para rangi ki te kore tīmatanga ki te hinga. puta rewa āta. Tuatahi, absorbs te huka ngāwhā pūngao. Ka rite ki te pāmahana taui tio faafariuraa oti ki te wai wai.

Kei te haere tahi te reira e te hua nui i roto i te tere matūriki, waiariki pūngao, te rahi pūngao ā-nui haere.

I muri pa i te tohu, ka karanga te pāmahana rewa, i reira te mea he hanganga mārō o te āputa. I roto i ngā rāpoi ngota atu haere noa, ratou "peke", noho tūranga rerekē. rauemi whakarewa he nui nui o te pūngao atu te kāwanatanga mārō i roto i.

pāmahana haamărôraa

kawea te whakawhiti i wai ki totoka i roto i te tetahi pāmahana. Ki te tukua te te wera i te tinana, e paari te reira (crystallizes).

whakaaro Temperature haamărôraa e tetahi o nga āhuatanga tino nui.

whātioatanga

huaina te whakawhiti i te wai ki te tūranga kāwanatanga totoka te whātioatanga. A, no te kite i te whakamutunga whakawhiti wera wai pāmahana heke noa he tetahi uara. Ko te whakawhiti wāhanga o te taonga i wai ki totoka i roto i te ahupūngao i huaina whātioatanga. A, no te whakaaro matū kore kei roto poke, hāngai te ira whakakoero ki te taupū o te whātioatanga.

tukanga e rua tango te wahi āta. haere tahi ana te tukanga whātioatanga e te hekenga o te pūngao neke toharite o ngā rāpoi ngota i roto i roto i te wai. Ko te kaha ātaahua e nei e tū te matūriki i roto i te raupapa tino, tūturu i roto i totoka, e whakanui ake. I muri i te matūriki whiwhi he fokotu'utu'u maau, i hanga te karaihe.

āhua whakahiato i huaina ko te ahua tinana o te taonga, ngā i roto i te tetahi whānui o tenge me pāmahana. Kei te āhuatanga i te reira e te āhuatanga ine e kua puta ke i wā tīpakohia:

• kaha o te taonga ki te huri i te āhua me te rōrahi;
• ngaro (aroaro) raupapa awhe roa ranei.

e pā ana te tukanga whātioatanga te ki te piraunga, pūngao free, kiato, te tahi atu inenga ā-.

I tua atu ki te wai, totoka, puka haurehu waihā, taratahi e tetahi kāwanatanga tinana - wē. Ka taea e whiti te reira i te haurehu i roto i te take o te whakanui ake i te pāmahana i te pēhanga taimau.

e kore e tika fakangatangata papa i waenganui i te āhua ngā o te mea. I roto i te ahupūngao, whakapumautia te oraraa o totoka amorphous, nehenehe o te pupuri hanganga inu he fluidity iti. tioata wai riro te kaha ki te polarize te radiation hiko e tika ana i ratou.

mutunga

I roto i te tikanga ki te whakaahua i te ngā āhua i roto i te ahupūngao te tono etahi wāhanga thermodynamic. huaina ari Critical āhua i whakaahua i te faafariuraa o tetahi wāhanga ki tetahi. rerekē totoka tiaki i runga i te wa wā roa o tona tūranga waenganui. Ka meinga e ratou rerekē iti (ki te kaha tīwera iti) huri noa te tūranga taurite. Mahi tioata i te tetahi āhua, i roto i te whakawhitinga ki te āhua wai ka huri. Mōhiohio e pā ana te pāmahana kohua (rewa) e āhei physicists whakamahi whakawhitinga i tetahi āhua ki tetahi mō ngā take mahi.