Ko te rangatira o te kaiahuwhenua pakanga ope Gerasim Kurin: haurongo, whakatutukitanga me meka ngā

mohiotia History o te Pakanga o 1812 te ki te nuinga mua anake i roto i ngā whānui. Ano, te ingoa o tokomaha o ona pūāhua, tautautefito ki te iwi i te iwi, he wareware ranei e mōhio anake ki tohunga. Ahakoa Gerasim kore i roto i patriots unknown nei whawhai mo te haere noa o te kāinga, me tona ingoa ngā te i roto i pukapuka kura Kurin, tino kia te haurongo taipitopito o te pakanga rongonui o te moni ki te katoa e kore e tau'a ki te hītori o ratou whenua e.

takenga

whanau Kurin Gerasim Matveevich i roto i te kainga o Pavlovo Vohonskoy Parish, e tata ana Moscow, i roto i te 1777. Tona papa me te whaea, a, na reira, kihai i whai ia mua. Ko te meka e Paora o raro Ivan ka te Terrible te taonga o Tokotoru-Herekiu Monastery, a i muri i te secularization o whenua hahi, e puritia ana e Catherine II, i whakawhitia ki te kāwai o te kāwanatanga. Ko te kupu, ko Gerasim Kurin he tangata ahu whenua ōhanga pera-ka karanga. People ki tenei tūnga e uaua rave i roto i te ahuwhenua rite te whenua matua no ki te kaiwhakarēti. Ratou mahi i mahi toi, hokohoko me mahi toi.

Haurongo Kurina Gerasima Matveevicha (poto) ki te 1812

Mōhiohio e pā ana te mea mahi āta ki te hero-kōaro ki te whakaekenga o Russia o Napoleon, tata kahore. Ko te kairangahau whakaaro i mahi ia i roto i te toa o tona papa, i te mea pea ki te whai i te moni pai, a koa ana hapu te faatura o te käinga.

I marenatia Gerasim Matveyevich ki Anne Savinoy, e haere mai i te utuafare kaihokohoko. I 2 tamariki te hoa faaipoipo: Terence ko Anton. Ko te tamariki i te timatanga o te whawhai i reira i 13 me te 8 tau aua.

Te āhuatanga i roto i te rohe e nohoia

Ko te urunga o ngā hōia a Napoleon i Moscow i te ngahuru o 1812 kihai i arahi ki te tuku o Russia rite i tumanako ia te kingi French. I te anga ke, i roto i nga whenua e nohoia katoa i timata ngā rōpū pakanga māhorahora whakaritenga, i roto i nei timata tona ope ki te ite i te kaimahi nui o kai. i akina atu tenei te whakahau French ki te pīkau i ngā hōia e whai ana i roto i ngā tohutohu katoa o te whakapaipai. Mai kei te maha ratou patua, tohaina Napoleon Marshal Ney 4000 hoia o hōia, me te kaieke hoiho, me te maha o pākahiko pū. whakairi tona rangatira hōia French tari matua mohiotia i roto i Borovsk, te wahi i whakahau mahi ana tera, me te tiaki i to ratou wae. Ko tētahi o ēnei rōpū, "mohoao kai" ka ki te kainga o Paora, te wahi i noho ai ia Gerasim Kurin ki tona utuafare.

whakahaere wehe

Ki runga ki te ako e te torohe a French i runga i te huarahi ki te kainga, faanahonaho ia he rōpū o 200 kaimahi, a tīmata whawhai. I maoro ka anga ratou ki te uru atu nga tangata o nga kainga tata, me te maha o guerrillas tae 5800 iwi, tae atu 500 kaieke. Ko te take matua e ai iwi ki te tango ake ringa, ko te whanonga kino o te Wīwī, ko wai, he riri pakanga hōia e tautohetia ana, me te pohokore, maha mahi i roto i te pahua noa, me te looting. I tua atu, i Gerasim Kurin te mea homai noa o te taparuraa a ko te mana mo te käinga.

ngā mahi

Mai i 23 Mahuru ki 2 Oketopa 1812 Kurin Gerasim ki tona ope whai wāhi 7 wa i roto i raruraru ki hōia French. I roto i te whakahaere i tetahi o nga whawhai o ana tangata ki te whawhai atu i te tereina ki patu, ka mau e pā ana ki 200 pu me ngā pītara, me te 400 peke kariri. Tenei whakaaetia nga guerrillas mo te roa te wa ki te whakarato ratou ki kariri me ki kia ope atu maia ki te puni o te hoariri.

Marshal Ney i riri "koa," whanonga o peasants Russian, ka tonoa ki te whawhai i te gallinaceous 2 matua hoia o dragoons. Te āhua, i te Wīwī kahore whakaaro e pā ana ki te maha o guerrillas, rite te kore kihai ratou i pai ki te herea ki te taua wae iti.

faaoti te rangatira ki te ngana ki te whakatau i te mea ata me "haere mai ki raro" ki taua tono tangata ki te "mohoao" o rangaawatea - te kawana o mua. tamata ia ki te riria te guerrillas kore ki te pokanoa e haere torohe a e pā ana ki o ratou mau ohipa, āhua tera e te pahua o te peasants.

Ahakoa ngā whiriwhiringa heihei faaineine ki whakaeke. Tuatahi o te katoa, ka tonoa e ia i roto i te ahunga o Bogorodsk kaiahuwhenua wehe o nga kaieke hoiho, whakahaua e te Yegor heamana matenga pāriha. Na ka tono Kurin ato'aa, mahue te nuinga o tona "hoia" i roto i te pehipehi, a ka mahi i roto i te pakanga ki te French, ki te torutoru guerrillas tatini. I te whawhai i roto i te tārere tonu, i hoatu e ia te tikanga ki te hoki whakamuri, e kukume ana i te dragoons, matenui ai ki te wikitoria ngāwari i runga i te Russian te kaiahuwhenua. Miharo ia upoko tomo i karapotia toa French, rite nga kaieke tae Stulova. Ka rite ki te hua o te whawhai pakaru rua rērere Wīwī i, me te wahi o nga dragoons i riro.

ngā mahi Tata

tonoa te riri Ney hōia auau ki te guerrillas. Ki runga ki te ako o te whawhai o nga pou French, faaoti heihei ki te hoatu ki a ratou he whawhai i roto i tona kainga taketake. Kei runga i kaiahuwhenua whare nuinga o ratou ope, ahu e ia. I te wa ano ka tonoa Gerasim Matveyevich Stulova kaieke i pehipehi tata te kainga o Melenki kei muri ki te ara Pavlovsky - Borovsk, he rahui kei muri i te awa i roto i Yudinskom Gully, tukua te kupu o Ivan Pushkin.

A, no te haere mai te Wīwī ki a Paora, i reira ko kahore tetahi i roto i te titiro. Otiia i muri i te ia haere mai ki a ia tetahi rōpū māngai, arā, o nga tangata o te kaha. tomo ratou ki roto ki ngā whiriwhiringa ki te hōia, i i tenei wa ui huatau kaimahi ki te hoko a ratou kai, i muri i te tuku ki te tirotiro i te whare putunga. whakaae nga tangata ki te mau torohe a kahore e ara mōhio e māngai tino portly me te kaiwhiriwhiri nei - ko ano Kurin.

Taau o whakahua motuhake

hanga rave rahi marau angitu māia atu guerrillas i roto i to ratou mau aravihi, a faaoti ratou ki te patu i te Bogorodsk nohoia. Heoi, i te wa i riro kē Ney whakahau ki hoki ki Moscow. Kurin Gerasim me tona ope ngaro ki tona tinana mo te torutoru haora, ka haere i runga i ki te paruru i tona kainga, me ona taiao i te kaipahua French.

fakafiefia

kihai i nga mahi o te rangatira kōaro me ana nö haere hia e te whakahau Russian. miharo e mahi pera pai te ahu whenua, kahore tetahi whakaaro o te tātai me ngā ture o te whai wāhi e ki rere, me te whakangaro i te hoia auau o te ope French, ia ia e mau ana i tona wae parekura iti maha kau taki hōia.

I roto i te 1813 Kurin Gerasim Matveevich (1777-1850) i whakawhiwhia te 1 piha George Cross. Kua rawa tenei tikanga kua whakaturia ake mo nga rarangi o raro me civilians, a ka mahara ai ki te kakahu i te rīpene pango, me te karaka. Ahakoa maha faahiti te tuhinga e riro ano Gerasim Kurin te taitara o te tangata hōnore, e kore ai e tika tenei mōhiohio, rite kua raraunga whakahonoretia ana kua hoatu ki nga māngai o te piha haapiiraa kaiahuwhenua. Ano, ka u ai anake i roto i te 1832. Ko te kupu, i roto i te tirohanga o to ratou take, Gerasim Matveyevich taea kore e whai i te taitara, ahakoa te meka e tino tika ai.

I roto i te rangimarie,

A, no te oti War Patriotic o 1812 tau hoki Gerasim Kurin ki tona ora noa. Heoi, kihai i käinga me noho o nga kainga a tawhio noa wareware e pā ana ki ana mahi, a ka ko ia to ratou mana unquestioned i runga i ngā take maha.

Kei te mohiotia ano te reira i e i roto i te tau 1844 whai wāhi ia kia rite ki te āheinga o te kororia i te whakatuwheratanga o Pavlovsky Posad - te pa, i hanga e te hanumi, o Pavlov me 4 kainga a tawhio noa.

mate ia he aito i roto i 1850 i te tau o 73 tau. I tanumia ia i roto i te urupā o Pavlovsk.

Na e matau ana koutou e Gerasim Matveevich Kurin - nö nei whakaritea tona kapa ake i roto i 1812, me te pai awhina tona kainga, me ona taiao i te mahi French. Ko tona ingoa i runga i te par ki nga ingoa o marohirohi motu rite Vasilisa Kozhin purapura moenga Shubin, Ermolai Chetvertakov, kia whakamatautau e i roto i te haora o te whakamatautauranga mo whenua e taea iwi Russian whakakotahi me te whakarite ia ratou, whai wāhi ki te kaha i te hoariri.