Ko te tūnga matawhenua o Nizhny Novgorod. Te tawhiti ki Moscow Lower Novgorod

Nizhny Novgorod - he pa rawa taketake, me ona ake ara ahurei motuhake o te ora, Heoi, kei roto i te maha ngā huarahi rite ki atu nui pa Täingäwai. Heoi, ko reira tetahi o te hunga e whakamanamana ana i roto i Russia.

Nizhny Novgorod: tauwāhi, tūnga

Kei te pa i roto i te wahi Pākehā o te whenua, te wahi hanumi te Oka me Täingäwai. Ko te reira i te pokapū whakahaere o Nizhny Novgorod rohe, te whakapaipai o te Federal District Täingäwai. Mai i 1932 ki te 1990, i mohiotia rite Gorky. Taupori -. 1280 mano iwi (rite ki 2009 raraunga, runga 5 i roto i te Russian Federation). Te ahumahi nui rawa, waka, pokapū pūtaiao, me te ahurea o te whenua.

Ko te tūnga matawhenua o Nizhny Novgorod

Ko te hunga e hiahia ana i roto i te āhua o ki te kitea te Nizhny Novgorod i te mahere o Russia, kia mohio koutou e takoto ana i te pa kei runga i pareparenga e rua o te awa o Oka. Ko te awa e wehe nei i te reira ki nga wahi. Tona mangai ko te pokapū āhuahanga o te Te Tai Rāwhiti Pākehā mania. I runga i te ahopae taua rite te Nizhny Novgorod he pa pērā i Bratsk, Sergiev Posad, Krasnoyarsk, Ekaterinburg, Rzhev. pa Pātata he: Bogorodsk, Dzerzhinsk, Bor, Kstovo. rohe raro o 410 sq. m. I runga i te pareparenga matau o te Oka horapa Dyatlova maunga rongonui. Ko tētahi o nga wahi o te pa, takoto ana i runga i te pareparenga matau, ka karanga te A'oraa. Ko tōna teitei i runga te taumata moana - 100-200 m teitei i runga i te taha maui -. Zarechny - 70-80 m, ko reira atu pāpaku.

Kei te tika i huaina Nizhny Novgorod te "pa o ngā roto, me awa." I tua atu ki te Täingäwai me te Oka whiti tona rohe e te awa tatini me awa iti. I roto i te pa i reira e ki runga, ki te toru tekau ngā roto, te nui rawa o e ko Mesherskoye (rohe Kanavinsky). whakamahia te wā Moscow te konei. Katoa o te rohe pa: UTC + 3 i roto i te raumati: UTC + 4. waehere waea raro: +7 831 Car: 52-152

History: Ko te turanga o te pa

Kaupapa: "Ko te tūranga matawhenua o Nizhny Novgorod" He mea paihere ki te pātai o tona mua hītori. Rā o te pa - i roto i te 1221. Ko tōna kaiwhakarewa - Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich. Nā ki te wāhi awa o te pa o Novgorod te nui i te ingoa Nizhny Novgorod. I te tīmatanga, ko ia he wāhi kaha o te korero o Vladimir rangatiratanga i whakaeke hoariri.

I roto i te 1341, ka e ia te whakapaipai o te rangatiratanga Suzdal-Nizhny Novgorod. Nizhny Novgorod i te mahere o Russia i roto i te mapi o mua, e whakaata ana i te rohe o te whenua Russian o aua wa, e hipokina he wāhi i waenganui i te awa. Sura i te rawhiti, te tonga, me te tonga - p. Haurangi, me te p. Sergei. I te taha ki te hauauru te mea he rohe tūturu Oka. Ko te rohe raki o te rangatiratanga i awa Kerzhenets, ko Vetluga Unzha. Ko nga toenga o nga wahi kaha, hoia (mahi ki te tiaki o nga rohe o te rangatiratanga), me te inaianei e wātea ana ki te arotake i te tūruhi.

I roto i te rau tau tekau ma rima, i roto i te whenua o centralization i waenganui Russia, i te mapi Nizhny Novgorod ki Moscow rangatiratanga. he nui rawa faufaa o te pa e rite ana te kaitiaki hoia rohe rawhiti o te rangatiratanga Moscow. I roto i te faaineineraa o pakanga i roto i te Lower i te wa ki te kohikohi i nga hoia. I roto i te tikanga ki te whakapakari i te kaha o te Kremlin rakau korero i hanga. I roto i tona wahi i whakaarahia te kohatu, i meinga he tohu o Nizhny Novgorod.

"Time o akina"

whakaaro tēnei wā ko te taumata i roto i te aamu o te pa nui, a ka meinga o koutou huringa i roto i te wāhi matawhenua o Nizhny Novgorod. I roto i te Time o aue i te pokapū o i whakaritea Nizhny Novgorod faehau, ahu Nizhny Novgorod Kuzma Minin me Dmitry Pozharsky. i fakatau'atāina'i hōia Nā Moscow i whakaeke Polish, nei ka mau te whakapaipai.

I roto i te rau tau 17, i tohua e te wehewehenga hahi, e tata ana Nizhny Novgorod, i runga i nga pareparenga o te awa, me etahi noho Kerzhenets conservatives. I te rohe Nizhny Novgorod whanau i te feia faatere nui hahi o taua wā - Patereareha Nikon ko Avvakum, nei ka mau te afa o ngā tūranga rerekē.

I roto i te 1719, i roto i te huringa o Pita ahau, kua riro Nizhny Novgorod te mana o te pa porowini.

rau XIX: te whanaketanga tere o te ōhanga me te hokohoko

Ko te tūnga matawhenua pai o Nizhny Novgorod ko te take e i roto i te rau tau XIX haamata te reira i te whanaketanga tere o te ōhanga me te hokohoko. Kei te whai pānga te reira ki te meka e i roto i tenei wā o Makarios i Nizhny Novgorod i tukua e te rerekē haere nui i roto i tona ataahua rongonui. Mai reira, ka mohiotia te pa kia rite ki "pute o Russia." I roto i nga kainga, nō ki Nizhny Novgorod, Kanavino ko Sormovo, e muri meinga wahi o te pa, kua riro te whanaketanga kaha o te ahumahi. I roto i te rau tau 19 (60 tau) i tū te rerewhenua i konei. I roto i 1896 puta te motokā tuatahi.

kitea te whanaketanga Active o te ōhanga i roto i te maha o ngā tapa o te taupori. Kua tino nui haere te maha o noho o Nizhny Novgorod mai te timatanga o te rau tau 19 (14 mano.) Ki 1913 (111 mano.).

kawa

mana Soviet i whakakorea te kawanatanga. I puta ke te pokapū tāone ki Nizhegorodschiny. I roto i 1932, te Nizhny Novgorod i te honore o te rongonui kaituhi-teina riro M. Gorky tona ingoa. I te wa ano i timata ai tona mahi GAZ motokā tipu, i te mea inaianei kamupene nui rawa te pa o. I roto i te 30raa o te ahumahi rautau 20 i roto i te whakawhanake ngā tere. Na roto i te 1941 (te timatanga o te Pakanga nui Patriotic), riro Gorky te pokapū ahumahi nui o te Soviet Union. Na roto i te mutunga o nga o 30, kua nui haere te taupori o te pa o ki 643 mano. People.

whawhai

I roto i te whawhai i roto i te Gorky hua te rahinga nui o kariri me taputapu hōia. riro te GAZ rongonui kua tetahi o te nui rawa whakaurunga ahumahi korero.

I roto i nga tau i muri i te whawhai, i whakawhanakehia Gorky rite te pūtaiao, ahumahi, pokapū ahurea me te waka.

raro i tenei ra

I roto i te 90 wawe a tae taupori te pa o 1.435.000 iwi. (4 th wahi i roto i te Russian Federation). I roto i te 1990, i hoki mai Nizhny Novgorod ingoa hītori. ko te timatanga o te wā hou o tona hītori tenei.

I teie mahana, Nizhny Novgorod ko te pokapū nui o ahumahi, hangarau mōhiohio, mātauranga me te pūtaiao. E rata ana te pa maha tūruhi mo ona urupa ahurea, hītori, me te hoahoanga. Na roto i te whakatau o UNESCO, piri Nizhny Novgorod te rārangi ingoa nui o te kotahi rau nga pa i roto i te ao ki te uara hītori, me te ahurea nui.

wehenga whakahaere

tuwhatuwhaia Oka Nizhny Novgorod ki 2 ngā wāhanga. Mana e huaina ratou Nagorno Zarechnoye me rohe whakahaere. hanganga whakahaere Modern i roto i Nizhny Novgorod i te mutunga i hanga i roto i te 1970. I teie mahana e wehea te pa ki te 8 takiwa. ngā o ngā wāhi e toru maunga District: te Soviet, Nizhny Novgorod ko Prioksky. I roto i te Zarechny ngā Sormovskiy, Kanavinsky, Leninsky, Avtozavodskaya ko Moscow rohe.

Nizhny Novgorod, wehea ki e rua Oka, he te tahi atu taitara tuku iho. Kei a ia ko e rua nga wahi, kia rite ki ona tangata - te "runga" (aka - "pa") me "raro". Na i roto i te reo Nizhny Novgorod huaina e rua uta pa.

Ko te hanganga o ēnei wāhanga ngā ma toru whakataunga: Tata te kainga o Konstantinovo, Beshentsevo, Kuznechikha, Mordvintseva, Lyakhov, Olgino, New, Novopokrovskiy, refurbish (Sloboda); whakataunga: Ray Birch me whakamanamana, "Suburban" (Uchkhoz), Green City (kainga hararei).

Ko te nui rawa o nga wāhi ko Avtozavodskii me te iti i roto i te rahi me te tino kapi Inia ai - rohe Leninsky.

pokapū

He māngai angamaheni o te rohe ko te rohe Nizhny Novgorod. Tata te rohe katoa o te rohe, ko te pokapū hītori o te pa o. Ka taea e Nizhniy Novgorod kia whakakake o ona wae. I roto ia ratou i reira e etahi e tika tokanga makehe.

Kua roa te reira i te pokapū (manihini Nizhny Novgorod manuhiri manuhiri i konei) Kei o te maha ngā wāhanga:

• Kremlin (kei i runga i te Maunga katoa).
• Posad o runga (tonga pātata ki te Kremlin).
• Raro Posad (kei i runga i te pareparenga o te awa Oka me Täingäwai).
• Zapochaine (ritenga runga uta Posada Pochaina o te awa).
• Tipa (i runga i te maunga Yarilin).
• Construction New (Southern nui-Burg).
• Sloboda: Panskaya, Faaiteraa, Soldier, Akulinina.

Rawa rongonui i roto i ngā tūruhi i te wahi tuatahi, te Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin, rite rawa ki te maha pourewa. Ko tōna rohe, ko Mikaera te Anahera Cathedral, hanga i roto i waenganui i te rau tau 16. tapawha Central - sq. Minin ko Pozharsky - e Dmitrovskaya pourewa, "te tomokanga matua" ki te Kremlin. tīmata huarahi Nearby. Pokrovskaya, Ko te wahi e haere ana tino mō manuhiri me noho o Nizhny Novgorod ratou.

Ko nga ara pokapū o Nizhny Novgorod rohe, te rohe o Minin, Pokrovskaya, parepare Fyodorovsky ko Upper Täingäwai kore reka anake ki te kanohi, engari ka taea e ratou te korero ki te rota e pā ana ki te hītori o te pa. Mohiotia puta noa Russia Nizhny Novgorod Kremlin, Chkalov arapiki, Comedy Theatre, Opera me Theatre Ballet, Drama Theatre he wahi tika o nga wae rā rata ana maha tūruhi.

Nizhny Novgorod rohe - te pae matua mo te hanganga o te whare papai. Kudos ki te rohe, me tona utu tiketike ko te take e te utu o te whare i konei, ko te ki runga ki te 130 mano. Miria. ia mita tapawha. Ko runga ake i te utu toharite i roto i te pa tata rererua tenei. Ko te whare tino utu i roto i te pokapū hītori. Kei te tino maioha te reira i roto i te parepare Upper Täingäwai: i nga matapihi o tona whare tuku he tirohanga mīharo o te Täingäwai. I roto i te rohe i reira he whare rawa ki kōrero maramarama pūnaha whakahaere, pūnaha e-haere, tirotiro ataata, penthouses, mana āhuarangi, a pera atu.

I nga ara, he iti tawhiti atu i te pokapū, ka taea e kitea e koe te kounga engari whare atu utu. Utu ia mita tapawha i roto i te tahi mau rohe whare tūmatanui - i 38 000 moni.

Sormovo

ka mau hanga o te wahi o raro o te pa wahi i muri. puta ngā wāhanga katoa konei, ka hanga a tawhio noa pokapū ahumahi - wheketere. Ko te wahi o raro - ko reira tuatahi he "mahi" Nizhny Novgorod. rohe Sormovo, rongonui hoki ona dynasties mahi, me etahi atu, whakaurua ki roto ki te Zarechny rohe whakahaere, i hangaia, ka hanga ki runga ki te whakarite i te mahi maeneene o hinonga. Kainoho i roto i te rohe i hanga e wātea ana nga painga katoa e tika ana: whare me te karāti ētahi, tuwhera toa tari, puna kaukau, me ētahi atu i whakaritea i runga i ..

Te whakatupuranga pakeke, nga tangata taketake o te rohe Sormovo, te sormovchane pera-ka karanga nei ora i tona tamarikitanga, a ki te hina noa i homai ki te mahi i roto i hinonga, mahara e whakaara i tenei ata waea rohe wheketere, me te tīmata te nuinga o waho ki te otaota, ki te haere te mahi.

He nga wā ka whakaiti i te hiahia mō ngā nekehanga taupori i waenganui i ngā rohe, tae atu i waenganui i te takutai ritenga o nga awa. I teie mahana te whakarite i te motorization whānui he rere maeneene o te kaupapa o te wāhanga runga tangata o te raro tumuaki tuarua ranei hurihia.

ka wahi o Nizhny Novgorod rohe Sormovo i 1928. I mua ki taua, tukinotia ia rohe Balakhninskye, i roto i te tua, mo etahi wa noho i roto i te mana o te pa motuhake. rohe Center he pahi Rapa - te wheketere "Whero Sormovo". Ko reira te kamupene nui i roto i Russia, e hua submarines, kawe nuinga, a i roto i te wa o te whawhai - tāke.

I roto i te Sormovo he: park, whare pukapuka, he pikitia, pokapū hokohoko, whakawhitiwhitinga waka pai. He āhuatanga o te rohe, ko te e muri ki te Storefronts karakara me ngā whare ki ngā pokapū hokohoko hou i roto i te tata tonu e rakau e rua-papa "pa o te rau tau 19 kaimahi '. Ko te hanganga taketake ko te 5- me 9-papa whare whakaturia i roto i te waenganui o te rautau 20. Ko te rohe, ko te whai wāhi ngā ataahua ki te hoko i te whare, i te mea te utu tino i roto i te pa.

E ai ki kaitätari, te ara o Nizhny Novgorod, te wahi i reira ko te whare ki te whaitua tino cheap (i 28 000 te horoitanga i. Per sq. M), e kitea i roto i Sormovo. Tenei st. Planetary ko Dubravnaya. Ko kia whanau ai i roto i te ngakau e ratou i runga i te tino waho o te pa. Accommodation konei he kounga tino rawakore. He mea tika ki te tango ki pūkete te meka e te tata e karapoti ana i te tereina. Te noho ki konei, ka hiahia koe i tenei ata, ki te tu i roto i jams waka i runga i te whitinga.

rohe Moscow

I runga i te raki i te rohe Sormovo, i roto i te tonga - ki Kanavinskaya rohe Moscow rohe. Ko tika whakakake o tona hītori kororia hautoa Nizhny Novgorod. No tūranga iti kororia, me te nui o te rohe nui i roto i te ora hou o te pa.

Tomo ki roto ki te hanganga o tona kainga Birch whakamanamana kaha elongated i te hauauru ki te rawhiti i nga rohe rohe. I roto i te raki-rawhiti o tona rohe te taha e te awa Täingäwai. Ko te maha o noho i konei - neke atu i te 12 mano iwi (rite ki 2012) .. wāhi Square ko 3 heketea, taupori kiato :. 1 ha - e pā ana ki 46 te iwi. Ko te ingoa o te rohe riro i te ara Moscow, te huarahi, i te mea wahi o te huarahi e hānga ana.

Ko te taa o te rohe Moscow ko te kukū nui o te mahi ore o hinonga pūtaiao, me te ahumahi e hua taputapu mō submarines, rererangi, me ētahi atu whakato ana te reira: Mechanical Engineering, Aviation ( "Falcon"), he whakahaere Russian ārahi o te hoahoa o te engineering mana karihi - OKBM .. Afrikantov me etahi. He noho nga kaimahi o enei hinonga, me te hunga e hiahia whare utu i roto i te wāhi tika ata ki hanganga whakawhanakehia.

Hoki fakafiefiá i roto i te rohe Moscow i reira he recreation park, te taiwhanga "Flight" kararehe "Limpopo", te nui rawa i roto i te pa, e rata ana hapu ki ngā tamariki.

kanohi Accommodation konei te i roto i tona kanorau katoa, engari te nuinga tonu e te Khrushchev rongonui. e kore te mea kaha tino mau utuafare New e te hanga. Ko te utu o te whare i roto i te rohe - i 38 mano moni.

I roto i te rohe o whakawhanakehia hokohoko, hanganga me te waka, te ahurea me te mātauranga.

ingoa Street

Ko te ara o Nizhny Novgorod i te maha o taitara penapena mahara hītori. Hei tauira, ko te ingoa o te huarahi. Talus (Piskunov nāianei) mai i te kupu "talus" (puranga) me manatu nga taiepa i hanga i konei. Te nuinga, iti ko 3 Yamskaya ingoa i roto i te kororia o Yamskaya Sloboda, te wahi noho roa coachmen. ingoa Street Kovaliha, Kuznechikha, Spinning, Taura, Trade me etahi. tipu i te mau haapiiraa o ratou tangata. I te ngakau o ngā ingoa huarahi. Dvoryanskaya (Oketopa) me Meshchanskaya (Brothers Matusow) takoto tūnga whenua. ingoa Street i hoatu i runga i te ingoa kei tata mau hiero haratau: .. Alexander Neva, Tiaki (nui, me te Iti) Tikhonovskaya, Varvarskaya Alekseevskaya, Christmas, me ētahi atu I te Soviet tau ara ko i roto i te honore pāhoro: Sverdlov Figner Volodarsky Dzerzhinsky et al.

waehere poutāpeta

Waeine o Nizhny Novgorod taea te kitea e kōrero ki te īmēra kaimahi mā te whakatuwhera i te "rārangi Uniform o waehere poutāpeta o te pa" i runga i te pae tukutuku ranei. Here e taea e koe te ako kore anake te raraunga waharoa pa. Vakai, "Rārangi Nizhny Novgorod" ka whakarato i ngā mōhiohio i runga i te wahi o nga takiwa pa. kia Kaiwhakamahi mōhio e kei te rārangi tuatahi kuputohu o whakataunga kōtuitui, ka - nga huarahi ki te tau i roto i te ingoa o ara, ka fakahokohoko fakamotu◊alea.

Tawhiti ki Moscow

E rave rahi te iwi fifili he aha te mea te tawhiti i Moscow ki Nizhny Novgorod. Ētahi puna hoatu whakautu taupatupatu. Ko te kupu, kotahi raraunga mata e peia i runga i te ara, te tawhiti i Moscow ki Raro Novgorod ko 421 km, i roto i te roa ara tika e taea te poroa (402 km). Ki te hinga te wahi o te ara i waenganui i te Lower Novgorod me Moscow i motokā mō te 6 haora 21 min. I roto i te whenua i reira tangohia te pūnaha kore-ngahuru o mehua (whanganga te tawhiti kei te i roto i te maero) - 262 maile. Kua korerotia etahi e tenei tawhiti mo te puku, ko te 419 km. Travel Time - 5 h 42 min. roa Ara hau ko te 400 km. Time - 40 meneti. Kua tatau etahi e te ara poto i te raro ki Moscow - 413 km. Rere ana tēnei ara i roto i te pa o Vladimir. I tona waka e taea te hinga i roto i te 6 haora, me te 15 meneti. Otiia ki te Vladimir karo, ka waiho roa atu i te 3 km tenei tawhiti. ka waiho te reira i 416 km, ka heke te wa haere e pā ana ki 25 meneti.

Te tawhiti ki St. Petersburg

Kahore iti nui ko te pātai, he aha te mea te tawhiti i Nizhny Novgorod ki St Petersburg. Distance i Nizhny Novgorod ki St. Petersburg, rite e fakapapau'i tatou e haere maha, ko: i runga i te ara - 1 126 km i roto i te rārangi torotika - 896 km. Time hinga tenei tawhiti i runga i te mīhini - 16 h 01 min. E ai ki te pūnaha kore-ngahuru o te roa ara inenga i St Petersburg ki Nizhny Novgorod - 700 maile.