Konganuku kore-ferrous: āhuatanga me ngā wāhi o te whakamahi. Tukatuka o konganuku kore-ferrous

Kei te whānui konganuku Non-ferrous me ratou alloys whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi. O hua ratou taputapu, taputapu, rauemi, me te hanga i. Taupānga E ara kitea ratou i roto i te toi, pērā i mo te hanga o urupa, me whakairo. He aha e nga konganuku kore-ferrous? He aha ngā āhuatanga e riro ratou? Kia kitea te reira.

Tupu ki te aha konganuku?

I te timatanga o te ako ko "whakarewa" ngā ano nga kohuke me ore, ki wehe timata te ariā anake i roto i te rau tau XVI. Konganuku - he matū ohie e riro etahi huru maitatai. Ko te āhuatanga matua ko te kawe ia waiariki me te kawe ia hiko, te kānapanapa, te konganuku e takatu ai, plasticity tiketike, me te kaha wā kotahi.

I te Taka Pūmotu ngā suspects 94 huānga. āhuatanga matū, kua wehea ratou ki kawakore, tauwhirowhiro, marama, lanthanides, actinides, āhua-konganuku, a na i runga i. D. I raro i ngā āhuatanga noa, he tuatahi ratou i roto i te āhua mārō.

Ko tētahi o te whakarewa tino rongonui ki te whakamahi - te rino. Alloys kei roto rino, ka karanga konganuku ferrous, i roto i te ahumahi noho ratou i te ahumahi kokoru motuhake. Ēnei ngā alloys pērā i te rino, me te maitai. Hoki konganuku ferrous e ētahi wā ka kīia chromium me te konupora. E tae etahi.

konganuku kore-ferrous

Kei te maha tenei momo tuku ki rite "kore-ferrous" konganuku. Ina whakaritea ki mangu, e kore e tino i haria ki te kakahu ratou, i te ātete nui, me te ahi resistance. He ngāwari ake, me te ngāwari ki te tukatuka konganuku kore-ferrous. kia hanga ratou alloys waikawa-ātete.

E wehea ratou ki te maha ngā rōpū, i runga i nga āhuatanga tinana, me te nuinga rānei. Heoi, i reira ko nga konganuku taimaha, me te marama. No te reira ki te tuatahi mata, he tine, mēkuri, konutea, a ki te tuarua - konupora, teriuma, konukōhatu me te konumohe. Titanium, vanadium, molybdenum, Tungsten āhuatanga rite whakangutungutu.

Tawhiti rite konganuku onge, me te utu nui. pā ana te onge tantalum, molybdenum, konutuki, thorium. e kore e tino noa i roto i te kirinuku o te whenua ratou, a he uaua ratou tukatuka. konganuku Noble utu nui ranei e kore e tino e waikura me whai he umeraa motuhake. aroaro ratou koura, konukawata, hiriwa, ruthenium, osmium, Palade, iridium.

Tukatuka me te ahumahi

Extraction me te tukatuka o konganuku kore-ferrous rapu atu rauemi atu i te maimoatanga rino, rite he nui e ono ratou. te nuinga i roto i te tokahuke ake ki te 5% o te kaihoko painga whakamahia e te i roto i te ahumahi. i muri i te tangohanga o te ore haamaitai, wehe i te reira i te gangue, ki te whakapiki ake i te ihirangi whakarewa tonu.

Next, kua waiho i raro i te reira ki ngā tukanga ki te huri i te rahi, ngā āhua, huru maitatai. Nga kaupae tikanga me ngā tūāhua tukatuka e ti'aturi i runga i te whakaaro e tūmanakohia ana. konganuku kore-ferrous taea ngā ratou niao, te pēhi, rikarika ki, fehokotakianga, a na i runga i. D. hoki etahi o ratou mau huru e konatunatua ki ia atu. Kua hanga nga alloys pai-mohiotia o konumohe anodized, Babbitt, parahi, silumin, parahi.

Ko te konganuku tino rongonui ahumahi kore-ferrous - konumohe, me te parahi. manufactures ratou Russia, USA, Italy, Germany, Japan, Ahitereiria, ki te reo Roma Amerika. Te nuinga o maina parahi i roto i Chile. Guinea i runga i te rangatira mākete ao i roto i te hanga o te bauxite i te hanga o te mata - Austria, tine - Indonesia. Awherika ki te Tonga kī tuatahi i roto i te hanga o te koura, me te hiriwa keri i roto i Mexico.

Ko te whakamahi o te konganuku

konganuku kore-ferrous me ratou alloys he rauemi pūkenga. I roto i te ora ia rā, i nga ra i tatou ki te mahi ki a ratou. O hanga ratou kakau tatau, pata, hopane, me taputapu te kāinga mamati, taonga, rama me te ake.

Kei te whakamahia whānuitia ratou i roto i te hanga o ngā wahi me taputapu. O te hunga i hanga o waea, pokekore, nati, pokekore, whao, hanga papa paraharaha, kinaki o te rahi rerekē, here, pepa, me korere.

He pai hoki te hanga o te taputapu nui konganuku Non-ferrous, e na reira whakamahia i roto i te ahumahi korero. He nui mama atu i te rino ratou, na whakamahia te wahi e hiahiatia ana te kaha, me te otinga i te wa ano, pēnei i te motokā, kaipuke, submarines me rererangi.

whakamahia parahi i roto i te hoahoanga, ka hokohoko i putorino. Hoki mauroa te tapiritia reira ki te koura i rei hanga. Lead te tāpiri ki te mangumangu, kua whakamahia te reira mo te waea, mo te hanga o ngā matā me explosives. Ko te konukōhatu hiahiatia mo te hanga o ngā pākahiko alkali mo te optics i roto i te hikohiko, ki rongoā.

Āhuatanga me meka ngā

Ko te whakarewa tino noa i roto i te kirinuku o te whenua - konumohe. I roto i nga āhuatanga tuwhera katoa ko te tuatoru, i muri te hāora me te takawai. Roto i te rerekē ki reira i reira ko te rhenium whakarewa onge i roto i te natura, te ingoa i muri i te awa German Rhine.

Ko lithium te māmā. He he kiato iti, na ara e taritari i karahīni. He paitini lithium me ai toro i runga i te kiri, me te ritenga. Kei te rongoa te reira i roto i ipu motuhake ki te hinu kohuke parawini ranei.

Te nuinga whakaaro Tungsten whakangutungutu. kia rewa te reira i te pāmahana i runga 3422 degrees whewhe - i 5555 nekehanga. Ngā mihi ki tenei āhuatanga e whakamahia ai mo te kakawaea i roto i topuku marama me kinescopes.