Logistics Systems - Fundamentals o Logistics he ...

Ko te wā "logistics" i roto i te logistike Kariki tikanga kahore atu atu i te toi o te whakaaroaro ana, ki te tātai. Hoatu timata tenei ariā i roto i te rau tau 6. Ka kitea tënei i te tuhinga whakapae whakaahua te toi o te whawhai i te wa. vai Tūnga logistician i te marae o te emepera Byzantine. Hono ngaahi fatongia ngā te tohanga o te hoko ki te tepu o te kai.

He kōrero i runga i te tono o te mau parau tumu o te logistics Napoleon. whakamahia ia ratou ki te ārahi i tana ope.

I roto i Russian, puta te wā "logistics" anake i roto i te tīmatanga o te rau tau 19. I whakaurua tenei ariā i te tohunga French hōia Antuanom Zhomini.

Ko te tikanga taketake o te wā

Logistics - Ko tetahi wahi o te pūtaiao ohaoha tenei. Ko te kaupapa o te whakaaro ko te whakahaere o te tukanga tino pai, whakatairanga o taonga, me ngā ratonga e ahu i te kaihanga ki te kiritaki. I tua atu, logistics - ko te ako, te tono o te mea e tika ana mo te whai hua te whakahaere rārangi o taonga, me te te tukanga o ratou whakatairanga ki te kaihoko. Whakaaro tenei pūtaiao me te hanga o te hanganga e tika ana ki te whakatau i ēnei wero.

Mai i te wāhi o te tirohanga o te whakahaere o tetahi whakahaere Logistics - he mea noa rite te whakahaere rautaki o te rerenga rauemi katoa i te tukanga hoko, mutu te hoko me te rokiroki o taonga, hangarau, me te pera i runga i ki te whakaaro i te ariā e hipokina te mana o te pārongo me te rauemi pūtea o te hinonga ...

Ko te ariā o te pūnaha logistics

taea te Encyclopaedia ki te kitea he whakamāramatanga o te huinga o ngā huānga e, ia i roto i etahi hononga ki ia atu puka he tetahi kotahitanga. Ko te reira i te pūnaha.

Ka hoatu tenei ariā me e whakaaro tatou pūtaiao. I tua atu, ngā pūnaha logistic - he wā e ko te turanga hoki tenei ako. Ko te whakaaro o ratou hanga ko ki te whakaiti utu whakaora ratou ki te tetahi taumata i roto i te tukanga o te te tuku o ngā mōhiohio, ratonga hua ranei i roto i te awhe hiahiatia me rahinga ki te wahi i whakaritea i roto i te kirimana ki te kaihoko ranei.

āhuatanga matua

Logistics Systems - ko te taonga ōhanga, e kua āhuatanga e te hototahi o ngā huānga, tae atu:

• plurality o wae rerekē e te hunga i roto i te kōrero ki ia atu;
• etahi hononga e pā kounga wāhi;
• āhuatanga systemically nui hanga i te hononga whakahau;
• 'ulungaanga integrative o te pūnaha katoa, engari e kore e motuhake ki ona wae takitahi.

Elements o te hanga o ngā pūnaha transportation

I runga i mahi ao, economists tapitapi ore faaoti e te mau parau tumu o logistics e tetahi o nga rārangi kātua tino nui e hiahiatia ana mo te whanaketanga tonu o te hinonga. Ko te whakaaro o taua whanaketanga - te whakanui ake i te tōtika o te rauemi, mahi me ngā rauemi pūtea, me te whakahaere i ngā taumata rerekē.

Elements o pūnaha logistics ko te tino kanorau. ngā ratou:

• tikanga rauemi e tika ana mo te kaupapa o taonga (utanga me unloading huarahi, TC, warehouses);
• tuatapaparaa;
• tari i runga i ngā āhuatanga katoa o te whakahaere supply mekameka.

I roto i te mau parau te tahi atu, haereraa i mua o te rere rauemi i mahi i roto i te mahi o mohio kaimahi, e whakamahi ana mahi, he momo o tūāhua, me pera i runga i. D.

E kore te mea taea te ariā o te pūnaha logistics kahore te mahi mārama, me te tahi o ona wae, e tahi i te maha o ngā āhuatanga, ara:

1. hapa me te chlenimostyu. Tetahi pūnaha, tae atu logistics, whakaaro rite te huinga o huānga pāhekoheko. I te taumata tonotono pā reira ki te kamupene me te neke waka i waenganui ia ratou. He whakamātautau atu taipitopito o te pūnaha logistics - he kohinga o taua pūnaha rite:

• hoko, puta ai te tukanga i roto i te awa rauemi rere pūnaha logistic;
• whakamahere me te whakahaere anō o tukanga production e tango rakau ahu mai, ka whakatika ratou ki te mahi i te momo o ngā mahi hangarau, e whakaahua ana i te kaupapa o te mahi i roto i te hua whakamutunga;
• ahanoa hokohoko i te mea he matamua o rauemi rere i te pūnaha logistics.

Katoa o nga mea timatanga he 'ulungaanga rerekē, engari i te wa ano hototahi ki ia atu. Ratou mahi whānui me te āta whakarite i te mahi o te pūnaha logistics katoa.

2. kōrero. E wātea ana i waenganui i nga āhuatanga logistical katoa o te pūnaha ratou, tautuhi tona kounga integrative. I te taumata tonotono rite whanaunga mahi te kirimana. I roto i te pūnaha mikrologicheskih ko te whanaunga o te hanga.

3. Organization. Ko tēnei taonga o te pūnaha logistics homai reira he tikanga.

4. kounga integrative. Tenei taonga pānga te tōtika o te pūnaha logistics rite te katoa. mau huru Integrative Ko te kaha ki te whakaora i te taonga e hiahiatia ana ki te kaihoko i te wahi e tika, me te wā ki te kaha iti. I tua atu, i tenei āhuatanga taea ki a koe urutau te pūnaha i roto i te hui o te huringa i roto i ngā āhuatanga taiao.

whakarōpū

He aha e nga momo o ngā pūnaha logistics? E wehea ratou ki transportation me whare putunga, ahumahi me te ture, kaimahi, ngā mōhiohio, me pera i runga i. D. no katoa o ratou ki te rua ngā rōpū matua, e ko te tonotono me micrologistical. Ko nga pūnaha logistical matua enei. Kia whakaaro tatou ia o ratou i roto i ngā kōrero.

pūnaha macrologistical

Ko he hononga mekameka nui, e hipokina te whakahaere o te ahumahi, hokohoko, me te waka, kei rānei i whenua rerekē ranei i roto i te tahi mau rohe o te kāwanatanga. ngā Makrologicheskuyu i roto i te pūnaha me ngā umanga takawaenga. Katoa o enei wae tahi riro te hanganga ōhanga o te rohe, kāwanatanga takitahi ranei rōpū o whenua.

Te hanga i te pūnaha taumata makrologicheskoy transnational he tino uaua. He mea tika ki te hinga i te mau fifi e kua e pā ana ki te āhuatanga ōhanga me te ture o te ngā āhua. Ka rite ki ki maha atu fifi tūpono pūnaha logistics rite. Tenei taurite ngā o te tuku o taonga, me te momo o te ture waka me ētahi atu ngā ārai.

Te hanga pūnaha macrologistical hei wāhanga o ngā hōtaka ao ka rapua e te hanganga i te taumata-ture, te mākete kotahi, me te wāhi ōhanga e kua kahore rohe ā-. I te wa ano i roto i te transportation o taonga, mahi, whakapaipai me te mōhiohio, i reira kia kia kahore he tikanga tauārai.

Whakaröpütia Ngā momo o ngā pūnaha logistics tonotono i nga āhuatanga e whai ake nei:

• i runga i te wehenga whakahaere-rohe o te whenua;
• taumahinga o tuakiri.

I roto i Europe Western te mahi kei te maha whakamahia he taua mea rite te pūnaha macrologistical ao. pea te āhua (hei tauira, paneke) pūnaha peheé. Ko tōna hanganga e wahi i te taumata whenua. karanga Global me te pūnaha halá, hipoki e rave rahi āhua. I te ariā ano ngā te mekameka Transcontinental, mahi i roto i nga rohe o te maha fenua.

E ai ki nga whanaunga ngā e wehea pūnaha macrologistical ki toru momo. Na, kia whai ratou:

• kōrero tika, ka oho te rere rauemi kei te tika i te kaiwhakanao o nga taonga ki te mutunga kiritaki;
• i te iti rawa kia kotahi takawaenga (taua pūnaha logistical tuku i roto i ngaru);
• tetahi hononga tika i roto i te takawaenga ranei ki te whakaora i te taonga (pūnaha logistics ngāwari).

pūnaha micrologistical

Tenei ahua o te whakahaere o te rere rauemi tono i roto i te tetahi kamupene. Ko te whāinga, ko te ki te arotau i te mekameka micrologistical neke rauemi i roto i te hanga tukanga, supply, me hokohoko.

kia pūnaha hinonga Logistics kia whakahāngaitia ki ngā whāinga rautaki te kamupene o ka whakaoti i te raruraru o te mä tona mahi. hipokina taua whanaketanga te hōkai o ia kamupene ngā. I te pūnaha logistics taua whakarato te otinga ki te whakahaere ā-o take e pā ana ki te kaupapa o te rere rauemi.

A i roto i tenei take he reira ona ake whakarōpū. E wehewehea Ngā momo o ngā pūnaha logistics moroiti ki:

• -internal (roto);
• waho;
• integrated.

hangaia Tiro ā-logistic o te pūnaha hinonga kei te ki te arotau i te whakahaere o rerenga rauemi i roto i te huringa hangarau o te hanga. Ko tōna whāinga matua he pātai whakaiti tuatapaparaa o te mahi i roto i te ahunga whakamua me te rauemi rauemi, me te whakaiti i te wā o te rerekē haere o te mahi whakapaipai o te kamupene. Ki tenei mutunga, me te whakahaere i te pūnaha logistics te kamupene o me te whakahaere i te taumata o ngā rauemi rawa, me te arotau i te tukanga o te transportation. Ko te otinga angitu o tenei raruraru ka arahi ki ngā utu production iti, me te whakapiki ake i hua, i te tiaki i te kounga hiahiatia o te taonga oti.

pūnaha Logistics hanga ahua ki te whakaoti i te raruraru e pā ana ki te arotautanga me te whakahaere o te rauemi me te rere e pā ana i te kaiwhakarato ki te kaihoko. Taua kaupapa e wahi i waho o te huringa hangarau o te hinonga.

Ko te āhuatanga e hanga ake te pūnaha logistics waho, tenei logistics me tohatoha whatunga, whakarato i te kaupapa o ngā hua i warehouses te kaihanga 'ki te kiritaki whakamutunga. Ko ētahi o ēnei e rua i roto i-whare transportation, whare putunga, a na i runga i. D. Units, a whakaarahia te whakahaere e mahi ana i te hariata o taonga. Ko te mahi matua e kua hangaia ki te whakatutuki i ngā pūnaha logistics waho kei roto i te whakahaere waka o rerenga rauemi, me te arotautanga o utu katoa me ngā wā tuku iti.

rapu tikanga pakihi Modern he huarahi tino rerekē ki te whakatairanga o te rere rauemi. Na konei ki te āwhina o te pūnaha logistics integrated. E hāngai ana ratou i te kongutu o ngā tikanga tuku iho, me te auaha kaupapa whakahaere waka rautaki hou. I tēnei wā, ngā kamupene ārahi o te ao i roto i te whanaketanga o logistics wae haere te rere rauemi ki ngā mōhiohio ngā me te turanga rorohiko.

hanga tenei te pūnaha auaha rautaki. Integrated whakahaere logistics āhei kamupene ki te whakapiki ake i nui te tere o te rerekē haere o ngā rawa, whakaiti rārangi me te rauemi rauemi ki te whakatau i nga hiahia o kiritaki i roto i te hua me ngā ratonga-kounga tiketike. Te whakakotahi i te mahi o nga kaiwhakahaere, katoa o ona wae pakihi, me te hoa logistics, ka taea e tatou te whakatutuki i te hua pai i roto i te mahi.

Organization o te kaupapa o rerenga rauemi

Whakahaere i roto i ngā pūnaha logistics he etahi āhuatanga. Kei roto te reira i taua hanganga rite hoko me te ahumahi, waka, me ngā mōhiohio tohatoha. Kia whakaaro tatou ia o ratou i roto i ngā kōrero.

E faatiti'aifarohia logistics ähua raruraru i roto i te tukanga o te te tuku ki te whakato rauemi raw. I tenei wā kua tīpakohia, ka ako Distributors, kirimana hainatia, kia rite ki te pai kia rite ki to ratou mahi muri whakahaeretia. I roto i te take o te ofatiraa o te ngā whakaaetanga o te tuku mehua e tika ana e tangohia.

He tauira o te pūnaha logistics ki whakaoti i taua raruraru, e taea te kite i roto i nga hinonga. I roto i tetahi kamupene, i reira he ratonga supply e kua whakaritea me katoa o nga mahi i runga ake.

Next ko te whakahaere o te rauemi rere i roto i te hinonga. Ko, kei hea he te pai e whakaratohia ratonga ranei. I tenei wā o ona mahi ki te whakaoti production logistics. Ko te pū o tenei hanganga ko e whakamana te hōkai katoa o te mahi i runga i te nekehanga o te rere rauemi kei roto i te rohe o te hinonga. I te wa ano, e kore e ngā kaiuru katoa tomo kaupapa logistic ki te tovarodenezhnye hononga. Ko te kupu, e kore e te motini rere i hanga kirimana. E turai te reira i rite ki nga whakatau e kua tangohia o te whakahaere ratonga hinonga. Tonu, he whanaunga tata te rohe o te hanga logistics ki te tukanga ähua me te tohatoha atu o te hua oti.

Ko te ariā o te pūnaha logistics ngā nga mahi tohatoha me te mahi. tangohia enei mahi i runga i kore anake hokohoko tipu, engari ano hoki whakahaere whai wāhi i roto i te hokohoko, me te hokohoko. I tenei wā i roto i te whakahaere o iahiko logistics e tahuri i runga i me te hanganga mana rite te mahi tohatoha pānga te ōhanga o te rohe. Hei tauira, e pā ana te reira ki te whakahaere o te pūnaha, e pā ana ki te tohatoha o ngā hua kai. I runga i tenei rauemi hanganga logistics rere kumea whakarongo ki te atamira, ka ko ia i runga i te pae production. I roto i tenei wā, ngā take o te tākainga me ngā, wa, whakaputa rōrahi, me pera i runga i. D.

Next, ngā pūnaha logistics, haere mana te ki te wāhanga waka. He pātai faatiti'aifarohia o te kaupapa atu o te rere rauemi. no katoa o ratou ki te ao o logistics waka. Just rite i roto i te tahi atu hononga katoa o te mekameka, kahore he rohe mārama. Methods o logistics ikiiki whakamahia te i roto i te tukanga o te whakahaere i tetahi momo o transportation.

logistics mōhiohio

He aha whakatau te kaupapa o rerenga rauemi? Ko taea te whakatinanatanga angitu o te raruraru anake te wahi i reira e āta whakawhanakehia ngā pūnaha mōhiohio logistic. E tukua e ratou i roto i te tekau tau whakamutunga ki te kawe i roto i te whakahaere o rerenga rauemi.

pūnaha mōhiohio Logistics te whakamahi i te hangarau microprocessor, hangarau mōhiohio hou, me te tahi atu rave'a ki te whakaoti i te raruraru. E āta hono ana tēnei rohe ki te tahi atu hanganga katoa e whakahaere, me te whakahaere i te kaupapa o rerenga rauemi. A, no te mea kua whakawhiti tenei mōhiohio i roto i te hinonga ano kahore anake, engari ano hoki i waenganui i hoa kei i ia atu ki runga i tawhiti roa.

Analysis o te pūnaha logistics

Tangata whakamahere kaupapa o rerenga rauemi haamata ki te arotake o te āhuatanga o nāianei, me te hoatu i te reira i te aro mātai e tika ana. Ki te mahi i tenei, he tātaritanga o te pūnaha logistics. He mea tika ki te tūhura i te taiao o waho, me nga whakataetae aro mātai hokohoko, a mo te whakatau i nga āhuatanga motuhake o ia o nga hononga o te mekameka whakawhanakehia.

Na roto i te rangahau i te pūnaha logistics, tuatahi o te katoa whakatau mehemea kua reira nga rahui ki te whakapai ake. Next te uiui raraunga tūturu hiahiatia hoki te whāinga, me te tino tōtika tukanga arotake o te rere rauemi. I roto i te mutunga, i whakaritea tātaritanga te kōwhiringa huri te pūnaha logistics ki te whakahaere i te hanganga o te kaupapa tino tika ana.