Mahi ate ki i roto i te nakunaku

Ate - te reira i te ngaro ngā pūtau ate hepatocyte. piki te reira i roto i aerodynamics ate iti, a ka tomo te tau mahani noa, me te roto i reira - te gallbladder 12 me duodenum. He nui ngā mahi mo te tinana o te ate. Ko tētahi o ona mahi matua - e whai wāhi ai i roto i nga tukanga o te nakunaku.

Kei hea te rongoa ate?

Ko te tōngāmimi au ko he tank rokiroki mō ate. I roto i te wāhanga kaha o nakunaku, ka i roto o te kopu ki te duodenum 12 tomo digested wāhanga kai, i reira tohaina te tona nui mōrahi. Ko te mahi matua o te ate tangata - he wahi i roto i te nakunaku me te whakaihiihitanga o ngā mahi secretory me motility o te whēkau iti, e whakarite hoki i te tukatuka o bolus kai.

Ate, kua tukua nei ki roto ki te wahi kūnatu o te gallbladder, ka karanga te pakeke, ka tukua tika ki te ate - te pi, ate ranei.

Tukanga me excretion biliary o ate

Ko te tukanga o te whakaputa i te hepatocytes ngaro (cholepoiesis) puta tonu. kawea ratou i roto i te raupapa o matū tātari toto i roto i te tōiti ate. I tua atu, e tika ana ki te reabsorption o te wai me te kohuke tai e tuu i te hanganga whakamutunga o te hanganga o te fluids secretory. whakamana ana tēnei tukanga i roto i te aerodynamics ate me te gallbladder. rere tika wāhanga o te ate ki te whēkau, huaina reira ko ate taitamariki ranei. Ko putu tona papatipu matua te i roto i te tōngāmimi au, e neke haere nga aerodynamics ate. piki Gallbladder ate, riro te reira matotoru, me te takiwa,. Ko reira mumura atu te ate.

I roto i te ra, te pūtau ate i roto i ngā pakeke hua e pā ana ki e rua rita o secretions. Nohopuku ia whakauaua tomo te whēkau. puta Postprandial excretion biliary (holekinez) i roto i te 12-duodenum. He mahi bile rite te kūnatu, me te bacteriostatic me ture. E. Tukanga iho ko te regulator o hanga ate me te excretion biliary.

Ko te kupu, ko te waikawa atu ate tukua ki te tomokanga tohanga (portal rua), te teitei ratou kukū i roto i te hanganga ate, me, runga i, synthesized iti e hepatocytes. Ko te mahi o te ate, me te wai pancreatic nakunaku taketake.

te hanganga o te ate

Ko te wāhanga matua o te waikawa ate e cholic. Te nuinga (67%) - he waikawa cholic me chenodeoxycholic. Ko te toe waikawa - Tuarua, arā, pärönaki o enei waikawa e rua: deoxycholic, alloholievaya, lithocholic me ursodeoxycholic ...

E kitea te waikawa katoa ate i roto i tenei mea ngaro i roto i te puka o ngā pūhui ki taurine me glycine. Ko te ihirangi o moni nui o te konutai me te pāhare pāporo katote homai he ate tauhohenga kawakore.

I tua atu, i te hanganga o te ate ngā etahi matū organic :

• Phospholipids.
• pūhui Pūmua, ara immunoglobulins A me M.
• Bilirubin me biliverdin (uhi ate).
• Cholesterol.
• Mucin.
• Lecithin.

Hoki, katote o etahi konganuku (konutea, parahi, mata, konupora, indium, mēkuri), te huaora A, B, C.

nga wāhanga katoa i runga, he wahi o me ate, gallbladder me te ate, engari ko te pā ana ki 5 nga wa raro atu i to ratou kukū i roto i te tuatahi atu i roto i te rua.

mahi ate

Ratou ana te nuinga ki te mahi o te wahi gastrointestinal. ate mahi i roto i te nakunaku e pā ana ki te raupapa o tauhohe enzymatic.

1. I raro i tona mana i reira ko te emulsification o te ngako, te kupu ngä ratou absorption.
2. neutralizes te reira i te pānga kino o te pepsin (wai pekitīlia wähanga matua), e kaha nei ki te whakangaro whākōkī pancreatic.
3. Ka whakahohe i te motility o te whēkau iti.
4. Whakaongaonga te reira i te hanga o te hūpē.
5. Gastrointenstialnyh whakahohetia te hanga o hormones, secretin me cholecystokinin, e kua whakaputaina e ngā pūtau o te whēkau iti, me te whai wāhi ki te ture o te secretion o te repe taiaki.
6. Ārai adhesion (adhesion) o huakita me wāhanga proteinaceous.
7. He he pānga rongoā horoi i runga i nga whekau, me te e whai wāhi i roto i te hanganga o feces.

Ko te kupu, e kore e taea te amuitahiraa te mahi o te ate i roto i te nakunaku. Ko reira e tika ana ki te tukanga ate kūnatu, timata i roto i te kopu, tonu me mutu i roto i te piro humarie.

uara ate ki te tinana tangata

Na, ka kitea e matou e te mahi matua o te ate e pā ana ki te tukanga kūnatu. Eaha te tupu, ki te, mo etahi take, te huri i te hanganga o te ate ranei e kore ia e tomo i te wahi kūnatu? Kaimahi kore o reira ranei arata'i ki pathologies nui:

• Cholelithiasis.
• Steatorrhea.
• mate Gastroesophageal Reflux (Gerd), me ētahi atu.

cholelithiasis

kia puta tenei māuiuitanga e tika ana ki te hanganga porangi o te ate. huaina ana tēnei ko te ate lithogenic. Taua āhuatanga kia whiwhi ai i roto i hapa auau i roto i te kai, ara, ki te te nuinga te kai e ngako kararehe. Tērā ka hē mahi ate ate rite ki te hua o te endocrine mate. I tua atu, kia whiwhi āhuatanga lithogenic o te secretion ate rite ki te hua o disorders o lipid pākia, i te nuinga o te wā tahi e te hua i roto i te taimaha tinana. Ko te take mo te huringa o te ate hanganga e taea hoki riro hopuhopu, me te paitini kino ate āhua hohe iti rawa (te kore o te mahi) ranei.

stearrhea

Ka rite ki whakahuatia i runga ake, e pā ana te mahi ki te ate emulsification o ngako. Ki te hoki etahi take mutu te ate ki te rere ki te whēkau iti ki te takanga mai ngako e kore e tupu, a ratou timata ki te tu i roto i roto i te feces. Ko te taua e taea tupu ki te hē i roto i te secretion ate o waikawa ate (huringa i roto i tona hanganga). I roto i tenei take, nga feces riro ōritetanga ma ranei hina, me te hinuhinu. huaina ana tēnei māuiuitanga te steatorrhea. Ki tenei mate, e kore e te tinana i ngako faufaa nui, waikawa ngako me etahi huaora. Nā ki te steatorrhea mamae whēkau raro, t. Ki. E kore ratou e taunga ki taua chyme.

Me pēhea te ki te titiro i te ate?

I roto i te tikanga ki te tirotiro i te hanganga me te mahi o te ate, whakamahia he tokomaha tikanga o intubation duodenal hautanga. Kei tēnei tukanga o rima kaupae:

1. secretion basal o te ate - ko te tohanga o te ate noa tau mahani 12 secretion me whewhe duodenal. pumau reira e pā ana ki te 15 meneti.
2. okioki wāhanga Secretory ranei sphincter kati o oddi. Ko te roanga o tenei wāhanga ko 3 meneti.
3. Wāhanga wehenga o te wäriu ate wahi A. pumau e pā ana ki te 5 meneti.
4. Wāhanga wehenga gallbladder ate wahi B. pumau tenei wā hoki e pā ana ki te 30 meneti.
5. Wehe o te ate ate - he wahi S. tenei wāhanga pumau āhua 20 meneti.

Ko te kupu, he wahi 3 o te ate. He rerekē i roto i te hanganga katoa o ratou. Ko te vesical ate tino takiwa - wahi B. kei reira te nui rahi o ngā waikawa ngakongako, bilirubin, me ētahi atu wāhanga ate.

Tenei tikanga ka taea te ako ki te whakatau i te āhuatanga ōkiko o te ate, tona hanganga, te nui o te tōngāmimi au, te huru o te wahi biliary ki, ka tāutu i te localization o te tukanga pathological.