Me pēhea te ki te īnaki? momo o te īnaki

Ko īnaki huānga whakahauanga o hoahoa o tetahi whare hanganga ranei. Ko tēnei wāhanga o te anga whare me whakaritea mahi kawenga te whanau me te wehenga o patunga. Mau, e tika ana ki te īnaki me te hanganga whakaritenga ki o whare multistory wehenga wāhi hanga o matua me te ruma ranei. Kaihanga whakamahi rauemi rerekē ki te tiki e tika ana mō te īnaki mahi motuhake. hoki rerekē i te momo ūnga, hoahoa me te tahi atu tawhā whakahaere momo o īnaki. Hei whakatau i te hanganga pai hāngai ki te hiahia o te kaupapa, he mea e tika ana ki te mohio ki nga āhuatanga o ngā momo ngā īnaki, me te whakaritenga mo te kawenga te mana o te huānga.

Whakarōpū i te whakaaro

A, no te kōwhiri i te momo o te inaki e hanga tuatahi i runga i tona whakamahi heke mai. Ka rite ki te tikanga whānui, tāutuhia nga tohunga e toru ngā wāhanga o te whakamahi o taua āhuatanga.

1. Cap. Tenei rōpū kia ngā momo o patunga i te kāinga, e whakarite te wāhi wehenga i te raro o te whare. I roto i tenei take e whakamahia te hanga mō te tauira ki te wehe i te papa basement tuatahi.
2. rohe hawhe-witi. Ko te kē te nuinga noa i roto i i whakaritea te inaki te i waenganui i nga patunga.
3. Tuanui. Whakarite te wāwāhi tuanui tuanui ranei me ruma ora.

I roto i ia take inaki superimposed i runga i o ratou mahi mahi, e ai whakawhirinaki i runga i te hoahoa me te wāhi, me nga rauemi o e hanga te tahi atu āhuatanga o te whare. I runga i enei tawhā, tīpakohia momo motuhake o patunga e taea hoatu i te "kōhiwi" o te kaha whare me te mauroa. Hei tauira, e taea te whakamahi i roto i te fare rakau tūmataiti mō te whakarite i te tuanui pūnaha tuanui ono tekau, a e kore e taea te mahi i waho tiketike-kaha whakapakaritia hanganga raima i roto i te tiketike-ara hanga pereki.

momo nukurau inaki

Ko tētahi o te uaua tino i roto i te mahi o te tuanui, i whakarato hoki te kaha teitei me hanga. Ēnei ngā hanganga hanga raima i runga i te pūtake o te hangarau whakakī. i hanga te taahiraa matamua e te formwork, hoki i mua nei tīpakohia-whakaritenga hoahoa tika rebars. Next, ringihia he turanga raima te, te matotoru o e taea rerekē i 8 ki te 14 cm. Ko te painga matua koa e tata momo katoa o papa nukurau ko te taea o te tuku i tetahi ahua o te hanganga heke mai. E pā ana tēnei ki te kōwhiringa tuku iho o whakapakaritia papa raima, me te pūnaha maka-kohikohi, e, Heoi, i te tahi mau fakangatangata.

Ngā momo o patunga raima

Ngā mihi ki tona kounga hangarau me te mahi, he tino hira i roto i te hanga whakapakaritia hanganga raima. whakatairanga kuware ratou nuinga, ahakoa te wā-e kai ana, te hangarau ahumahi. Whakaaro i nga momo o patunga raima, kotahi he reira ia tapao e hinga katoa o ratou ki roto ki te wheketere, me te oti tika hua i runga i te pae.

patunga oti maha whakamahia i roto i te hanganga o nga whare. Mai te raima ano he puranga āhua nui, i waho te whakamahi o cranes eke mo taea noa. Hoki tenei take, e tūtohu ana ki te kawe i roto i whakapuru tika "i runga i nga wira". Ie pahi whakaorangia mau api, a whakanohoia ana ratou ki runga ki te wahi. Ki te te tikanga whiriwhiri o whaiaro production-o taua paraharaha, he mea e tika ana ki te tango i te tiaki o te mahi (ranei te mata whakarewa kurupae totoka) me Whakapau, e he te nuinga ano i te takenga wheketere.

Modern pereti momo "nohoanga" ngā ano i roto i to koutou rōpū i hanga i te raima. Types Inaki o tenei hapu e āhuatanga e he hanganga o peleti ukamea wheketere, tona matotoru e kore nui ake 6 cm. Ko te turanga rite o te formwork integrated o whakaū rakau, i muri i nei i ringihia ai ki ngä raima.

Chastorebristye īnaki

Kei te maha whakamahia tēnei kōwhiringa i roto i te hanga o nga whare iti tūmataiti. E hāngai ana te hoahoa i runga i chastorebristogo kurupae me poraka tuwhera, e whakakiia he wāhi i waenganui i te huānga tinana inaki. Ko te momo tino noa o te tuanui motumotu, tāutanga o nei ko ki te huihui i ngā huānga i runga i te pae rite i mua me te hanga o te taamu raima. I roto i nga painga o tauira chastorebristyh te huna hoki ratou āhuatanga whakangutungutu, tika āhua tiketike, haruru whakaiti, me te kaha ki te tāuta i waho te whakamahi o te taputapu motuhake.

Ko ia tapao e te taua huru maitatai i inaki reira, kawea atu papa raima precast. Ratou tāutanga te tikanga e kore e meinga rawa nui te raruraru, engari i roto i ētahi wā titau tonu te whai wāhi o ngā taraka, me cranes.

tuanui joist

E nuitia kurupae rākau whakamahia. te āwhina ratou te hanga i te īnaki i roto i te pereki, me whare rakau. Ko te hanga, ko te anga o girders me papa kurupae whakatakotoria, ka muri nei kia whakamahia mō coatings whakapaipai. momo tikanga o patunga maro whakarato he kaupapa mō te whakaputa hononga i waenganui i te papa i te tikanga o awaawa. Kurupae kia whai i te āhuatanga e whai ake nei whakamahia: 10-20 cm i whanui, 40 cm te teitei, me te 15 cm te roa.

Ahakoa te meka i hanga te hanga e o te rakau, he hikoinga kotahi te kawe e taea e ki runga ki te 150 cm. Hanganga ngāwari i roto i ngā o te pūnaha taea whakapanga nga kurupae i roto i, me te rauemi soundproofing. He whai hua i roto i te whakapaipai hoki patunga maro. I te taha ki runga e taea te whakatakotoria ki runga ki a ratou tata tetahi paninga me ki te raro - tāuta i te tuanui e iri.

momo o kurupae

Ka taea te whakamahi kurupae o rua momo mo patunga maro. Ko nga mea timatanga i te rakau totoka kotahi hua ēnei ranei enei. I roto i te hanga o te momo mārō tuatahi whakamahia nuitia rakau. He mea nui ki te whakaaro e roto i ngā pūnaha interfloor āhuatanga totoka taea te whakamahi anake i raro i te huru, ki te kahore te mea te roa o te wāhi neke atu i te 5 m. momo Katahi hononga tukua tono whānui mai ratou hangarau ahumahi homai teitei rauemi kaha.

I tua atu, e taea te hangaia kurupae Whakakirihōu ki te roa rahi atu tetahi analogues o ngohi te rakau totoka. I roto i te mahi, nga mea timatanga o tenei momo e taea ki te tu atu pikaunga taimaha, me te Tīpae inaki ki runga ki te 20 m te roa. Mea nui a rerehua ahua o te kurupae Katahi, e nei kahore he hiahia o te maimoatanga motuhake i muri i whakapuru.

papa Papa

Ki te whakarite pātaki interstorey he pai - te mea matua, ki te whiriwhiri i te momo motuhake o te hanganga. I te kau, te whai ake ngā momo o papa noa, e tika ana mō ngā take hanga.

1. Rarai. Nā ki te kōtaha i rawe ki, mahi pai ki te kawenga piko. Noa whakamahia i roto i te whanautanga houtanga o rūmanga me toa.
2. Hollow. Ko te painga o taua tuanui he wera nui, me te mātao tangi, me te taimaha marama, tuku ratou te whakamahi i roto i whare mō ngā take rerekē.
3. Nukurau. E ratou te kaha nui, i whakaritea te aronga matua o ratou te whakamahi - i roto i ngā whare ara tiketike.
4. Mārō. Nā ki te kaha kawenga-whanau tiketike o taua inaki te pai whakamahia i roto i te hanga o ngā whakaurunga ahumahi.

Klein inaki

e kore te mea rite noa i roto i Russia rite te taua papa raima nukurau whakapakaritia tenei ahua o te īnaki, engari i mua i rongonui i roto i ngā ona māngai, me tenei ra tonu i te rota o kaitautoko o tenei hangarau. Ka taea te whakaurua hoahoa Kane ki ngā momo o patunga o whare i runga i te pūtake o te kurupae. Anake i roto i tenei take e kore e te reira whakamahia te rakau, me te maitai huānga ahau-kurupae tona roa e taea e i waenganui i 8 me te 24 cm. Whakamana Placement o kurupae i te tawhiti i ia atu e āhua 160 cm. Mahara te taumata tohanga raro te ki te waihanga i tētahi pereti tautoko i hanga o pereki uku. whakapakaritia te papa hoki ki takai whakarewa rakau ranei, kopikopiko i roto i te matotoru i 0.6 ki te 0.8 cm. Ki te nui haere te kaha te whanau e hiahiatia ana o tenei hoahoa e te haapuairaa i te whakakī pereki ranei ahau-kurupae.

Tāuta papa nukurau

Mutu papa raima i runga i te katoa ko o nga mau api puka ki te 15 cm matotoru. I roto i te mahi taua rite wae whanau hoahoa kurupae whakarewa: te rino teihana ranei H-huānga. Ka taea te whakamahi ratou ki taupoki ana i te Tīpae tawhiti nui - ara i roto i ka whakaratohia ratou ki te kaha nui, me te tiaki ki tukanga ahi me te pirau, e whai tata katoa patunga raima. Momo o te tuanui i runga i te turanga rakau i roto i te ritenga raima whakapakaritia ngaro, ahakoa he tino roa whāwhā tika.

Huri noa te paenga o te pae ki te takahi i te hiahia ki te whakarite i te formwork rakau. Te reira i te mahi atu i te ahua o te hoahoa "raro". Formwork hanga o pepa kahupapa e kua whakanohoia i raro i te tu, waetoru, rino, me kurupae rakau. I runga i te tïpako whakarewa he tika ki te takoto anga whakapakaritia, ai nga kaho whakamahia, he tata 1 cm matotoru. Na, me ki tonu te hanganga rite ki raima. Ko reira pai ki te whakamahi i te tohu M200. Ka rerekē te īnaki rite thusly tohu tiketike o te kaha, me te mauroa.

Tāutanga o papa nukurau taiwhanga

E hanga e te hanganga nukurau taiwhanga e ōrite ana ki te āhuatanga me ngā momo o papa o whakapakaritia kurupae raima. Hoki te pūrere o taua inaki me vystelit i hekenga nga kuaha rakau, e mahi te mahi o te hanganga tautoko mo nga kurupae. kawea tāutatanga i roto i runga i te taiepa, i waenganui i hiahia nga kurupae ki te takoto i te poraka tuwhera. Next, te waihanga whakapakaritia te anga te ka tonu ki te paru sima. tīmata te waiu raima ki te urutomo i te kōputaputa o nga poraka, me te hanga i te hanganga wāhi o kurupae whakarewa tuwhera, me te āhuatanga. te whakatau taua tuanui paerewa hou, kia rite ki nei e hanga e te whare. I roto i ngā, whakarato ratou kaha, soundproofing me te mauroa, i toe tikanga ngāwari pūrere inaki.

Tapia me ngā o te īnaki

I roto i tenei take, he mahi hanga tā whakakapi whakapakari i o nga whatiwhatinga i inaki takitahi ranei. E kei atu i runga i nga kurupae Types īnaki, ki nga kaha hangarau o te hanganga taonga. haamata te mahi ki whakapuru whata, e ka ngāue tautoko. Te whakapakari i kurupae rakau tikanga tā whakakapi o kurupae i runga i analogues ki te wāhanga nui ripeka faarahi i to ratou tau ranei. Ko te hiahia mo te hanga o whakapakaritia hanganga raima, rite ki te tikanga, whakatika i te ahua o te waikura. Huri noa pāpaka tāwhana raima, i muri nei i te piha huia peita coatings anticorrosive. Aru i te faaho'iraa mai o te āhua o mua o te īnaki.