Non-tāke ture o hokohoko ke. Whakarōpū o mehua kore-tāke

ka feinga ia State ki te whakawhanake i te ahumahi motu. Otiia me pehea pai ki te mahi i? E kore e te tautohe i waenganui i kaitaunaki o protectionism me hokohoko noa mutu mō ngā rau tau maha. I ngā wā wa i tahuri nga āhua ārahi ki tetahi taha ranei ki tetahi. E rua ngā huarahi ki te whakahaere i te kaweake me kawemai kapewhiti: mau ohipa ritenga me mehua kore-tāke. I te whakamutunga ka e lāulea ki i roto i te tuhinga.

Whakarōpū o mehua kore-tāke

National kaupapa here hokohoko e taea e protectionist, āhua, ranei tuwhera (free). Ko tenei wehenga ki ngā rōpū rawa whanaunga, engari nui tauturu i roto i te tātari. Hei whakatau i te pakeke o ngā kaupapa here hokohoko tango ki pūkete te mau ohipa e kore anake me hopukia, engari ano hoki mehua tāke-kore, i tomo te whenua. A ko reira ko nui atu uaua te whakamutunga ki te kite me te mauruuru, a he aha e na rongonui ratou i tenei ra. Wehewehe i te mehua tāke-kore e whai ake nei:

1. Ine. Ki tenei rōpū no ki pōti (hopukia) kawemai raihana rerenga taumai me putaatu o taonga, me te pera-ka karanga "tūao" whāititanga kaweake.
2. Huna mehua tāke-kore. Tenei rōpū ngā hoko kāwanatanga, hanga kerēme e pā ana ki te ihirangi o ngā wāhanga rohe, te whakataki o ngā tauārai hangarau, takoha me utu. tāke Huna mehua ture whakahaua ki te mana kawemai.
3. Pūtea. Tenei rōpū ngā moni, loans o ngä kāinga, me te mua. tikanga pūtea whakamahia ki te kaweake tikanga.

I tenei mutu nga mehua ōhanga o te tāke-kore ture. Wehe, e ti'a ia tatou te whakanui i te mea ture e e āta hono ana ki te hokohoko te ao.

tikanga inenga o te tāke-kore

Ine huna me herenga pūtea ngonge ine, na e maha painga kitea ratou i roto i te tatauranga. Heoi, no te tikanga ine kore-tāke nuinga whakamahi rave rahi kuputohu. I roto i te rongonui tino:

• taupū auau. E whakaatu ana te reira e wahi o te upoko hipoki e mehua kore-tāke. Ko te painga o tenei mehua ko te taea o tata mā ana here taumata. Heoi, e kore e tukua te reira ki te ine i te faufaa whanaunga o nga mehua whakamahia me ratou pānga i runga i te ōhanga.
• taupū hipoki hokohoko. E whakaatu ana te tohu i te uara o tāwāhi me te wahi o te kawemai i runga i here e tāke-kore. Ko tōna ngoikoretanga ko e reira te tikanga underestimates te mana o kaha aukati tāke-kore.
• te pānga i runga i te taupū utu. E whakaatu ana tēnei tohu e founga te whakataki o te pānga mehua tāke-kore i runga i te ōhanga. faaite te reira i te ōwehenga o te ao, me te kāinga utu koloa. Ko te mate o tenei taupū ko e waihotia reira te meka e tākiekina te uara mākete kei te te introduction kore anake o mehua tāke-kore, engari ano hoki maha atu āhuatanga.

Ko te tikanga tino noa

Direct here ine ko te ahua whakahaere o te ture kore-tāke i te rerenga hokohoko kāwanatanga, whakatau i te nui o taonga whakaaetia ki te kia kaweake kawemai ranei. kia mohio ki te reira e riro i te whakataki o hopukia te fakangatangata anake ka oti te reira kua tutuki. He tika te tāke ake. E mea pinepine kāwanatanga hoatu hiahia ki hopukia. Ko e tika ana ki te meka tenei e ko te reira nui māmā ki te whakaturia tika he nui paepae, i te ki te tātai aha te auau e arahi ki te kaweake kawemai ranei o te nui e tika ana o taonga. kia whakahaere here ine i te ture kāwanatanga i roto i te kotahi whenua, a ki runga ki te pūtake o te whakaaetanga o te ao e whakahaere hokohoko i roto i etahi hua. Ēnei ngā hopukia, raihana, me "tūao" here kaweake.

faahiti

Ko te tikanga o te huinga tuatahi o whakamahia te tino noa. Motunga me te ope - he longo. Ko te rerekētanga anake ko e rua o te atarangi he tau takoto. Ko te motunga Ko te mehua ine o te tāke-kore, tikanga ki te whakawhāiti i te kawemai kaweake ranei o etahi moni (moni). tono ia mo te tetahi wā o te wā. I roto i te ahunga o nga hopukia he kaweake me kawemai. Ko te tuatahi kei te nuinga o whakahaere i runga i whakaaetanga ao te tarepa i roto i te mākete kāinga ranei. Kawemai hāngai ana tiaki ngä motu, me te mau tonu i te pai toenga hokohoko. Global i roto i te whānuitanga, me te tohatoha hopukia takitahi. whakaritea Tuatahi i runga i te kaweake kawemai ranei o etahi taonga, a kahore e riro ona takenga ki pūkete. E tono hopukia takitahi i roto i te ao, me te concretise te whenua.

raihana

E āta hono ana tēnei momo o here ine ki hopukia. Raihana tā te issuance o te kāwanatanga o puka motuhake mō te kaweake kawemai ranei o te nui etahi o taonga. Ka taea te whakamana i tēnei tukanga e rua takitahi me i roto i te motunga. He maha ngā momo motuhake o raihana:

• Takitahi. Ko tā te reira i whakaaetanga mo te tauwhitinga kotahi, e kore nei e mahi atu atu i te kotahi tau.
• Raihana General. e kore ko te maha o ngā whakawhitinga tenei whakaaetanga, engari e kore nei e mahi atu atu i te kotahi tau.
• Raihana Aunoa. E whakarato ana i tonu, a kore e taea te paopao te tono i te mana tūmatanui.

"Noa" fakangatangata rere te kaweake

I roto i te āhua nui i te rota o te huanga i runga i whenua ngoikore. "Tūao" here kaweake - tetahi o ratou. whenua ngoikore uta ona ake pai, mau tiaki te kaihanga motu o te kāwanatanga nui. Ko rite ki te hopukia kawemai Ko tōna pānga. takoto te rerekētanga i roto i te meka e haamau i te State he rāhuitanga ki ētahi atu.

tikanga protectionism huna

He maha mehua e taea te pēnei ki tenei rōpū. I roto ia ratou he he nunui:

• tauārai Hangarau. Ko ratou whakahaere tikanga me ngā ture e kua hangaia ki te ārai i te Tuhinga o taonga ke.
• Takoha me utu i roto i te mākete kāinga. whai ratou ki te whakanui i te utu o taonga ke i roto i te tikanga ki te whakaiti i tona whakataetae.
• kaupapa here ähua Public. Tenei ahua o huna tikanga tāke-kore tikanga tā te whakatūnga o fafauraa mo te rironga o etahi taonga hangaia i roto i te mākete motu.
• Whakaritenga i runga i te ihirangi o ngā wāhanga rohe. whai wāhi te whakatū ratou te rahi o te hua whakamutunga mō te hoko i runga i te mākete kāinga, e kia hanga e te kaiwhakanao motu.

whakaritenga pūtea

Tenei rōpū o ngā tikanga e hāngai ana ki te whakanui ake i tāwāhi. tikanga pūtea ki te āwhina i roto i tukupu ana i te utu o nga taonga, e faarahi i tona whakataetae i roto i te mākete ao. I roto i te whakautu, whakamōhio ratou mau ohipa anti-Dumping me countervailing motuhake. Tohatoha nga tikanga pūtea e whai ake nei:

• Subsidization.
• Tuku.
• Akiritia.

Ko te momo whakamutunga tā te hekenga i roto i te utu kaweake i te rauemi o ngā umanga i roto i te tikanga ki te whakatairanga i te taonga mākete tāwāhi. Hei mahi ki taua kaupapa here tāke-kore whakamahia mehua anti-mua. Ko ratou he huihuinga rangitahi, e whai ana ki te taupoki ana i te rerekētanga i waenganui i te utu iti, me te noa. mehua Anti-Dumping haamou i te pānga kino o te whakataetae ta'etotonu.