Oko Sailing, ratou momo me āhuatanga. Sailboats. photo

Ko te oko rere tuatahi (ki te kia whakaahuatia i roto i tenei tuhinga) i neke atu i te toru mano nga tau ki muri i roto i Ihipa, a ka he te mōkihi tika rewa me urungi kaihapai tikanga. A taro kau iho, tauira atu matatau i ki te mahi i nga Phoenicians. Hoki ratou hanga, whakamahia ratou rakau hita Lebanese me te oki. Ko te tauranga Phoenician nga shipyards, i whakaputaina arumoni poti kotahi-masted me manuao atu rite rawa. Huri noa te V i roto i. BC. e. Navy kē i nga Kariki onamata, me Roma. Heoi, ka puta oko rere nui i roto i Europa i roto i te wā o ngā āhuatanga nui matawhenua. Ko reira ka timata te mana Pākehā kaha tino i roto i te rapu o koroni hou ki te pīkau i kahupapa manuao ki te haere puta noa i te moana e kore anake, engari ano hoki huri noa i te ao. Ko te kupu i timata te pakanga kawa mo aoniu i roto i te moana, i whai wāhi ki te whanaketanga kaha o te ahumahi te pahi.

oko e rere ana i roto i te ao hou

I roto i to tatou wa, ka te kaipuke whawhai rawa ki runga ki te hangarau tuatahi kaipuke kaha, ka anga tauira e rere ki te kia whakamahia matua mō te whakangahau. Te nuinga o te rere hou Yachts ake. I roto i Uropi me Amerika, te wahi i reira he hākinakina karapu yacht, kua puritia tau kārangaranga mō hākinakina. Nuinga o ngā wā i roto i taua mau ohipa tae e parahutihuti rere.

Regatta - he whakataetae i waenganui i te wai e rere oko te hoenga ranei.

I ngā wā, kei te tū enei whakataetae i roto i Amerika me Ingarangi. Etahi o te hui ko te whakataetae ao nui rawa, pērā i. "Cup Amerika o".

takoto sailboats whakarōpū i runga i nga ngā me tooling rānei. Kei raro ko nga momo matua o ngā momo sailboats.

Whakarōpū i te momo o rewa

• Ships ki rā tapawha.

• Ships ki rā lateen.

I whakamahia rere Square i nga Ihipiana i tahito ra, me te Phoenicians. Ko te kānawehi rite te taparara, kua piri ki te PGG whakapae. pai kaipuke ki rā tapawha haere anake ki te hau, na pretty hohoro ratou whakakapia i runga i te marae ki te wakapū rā.

Kei rere matahao te i te taha muri o te rewa, ki te piri nei te reira i tona mata mua. Oko ki te wakapū rā maitai rite te hau ataahua haere, me te hau i te tere koi. Wakapū rā, i roto i te tahuri, kua wehea ki:

• Latin.

• Spritsail.

• jibs.

Whakarōpū i te maha o rewa

• yacht rere kotahi-masted.

• yacht rua-masted.

• Mnogomachtovye yacht.

Rewa - Ko wāhanga o te Rig. Ko te hanganga poutū o te kaipuke, te tikanga kei te i tautokona te whakamahi i motuhake totoro. Fabricated nuinga rewa i softwood.

Rewa i roto i te ao hou

I roto i te kaipuke hou nui e kore e e whai i te taputapu rere, ngaro pourewa tona mahi tuatahi, me e whakamahia mō te tahi atu mau tumu:

• I roto i te tikanga ki te marietia nga huanga motu o ratou whenua (haki me o ringa koti).

• I roto i te tikanga ki te marietia tohu i runga i te mana o nāianei o te oko (taratahi runga te ahi i runga i te poari, he drill, a na i runga i. D.).

• Hei whakaturia rama rerekē o tohu.

• Hei tāuta i te tahi reo kïia e whakaaro.

• I roto i te tikanga ki te utu i takoha ki te State i roto i nei wai i tenei wāhi ko te kaipuke. Eke i runga i te tira te haki-motu o te whenua.

• Ki te reira te mea he tangata kua mate i runga i te poari, i roto i te tohu o te tangihanga, me te takoha ki tona mahara raro i te faatura iti mo te haki motu.

momo o rewa

• foremast. Ko te tira tuatahi tenei, tatau i te kopere o te kaipuke.

• mainmast. Ko reira te rua o nga wa tenei momo o te hanga o te ihu o te kaipuke. I oko e rua-toru-masted me ko reira tiketike rawa tonu.

• Mizzen-rewa. Te rewa aft, i runga i tetahi kaipuke, ko te nei te hou i te ihu.

He aha ngā momo o te waka te wai e wātea ana?

Whakarōpū i te momo o te takere e rere:

• Wooden.

• Kirihou.

• Steel.

Whakarōpū o kaipuke e rere ana i roto i te maha o ngā take:

• takere Takitahi

• (rere hourua) rua-takere

• toru-wahi (rere trimaran).

I te pae hopea, te whakarōpū o kaipuke rere, i runga i te whakamahi o te takere rānei:

• takere kaipuke (i runga i taua kaipuke whakamahi taimaha takere, reira e taea te whakaiti i te tere oko, me te raro i te pokapū o te mahara).

• waka (i runga i taua kaipuke whakaturia daggerboard motuhake, ki te tika, he reira taea ki te whakaara, me te whakaiti i te tauira o te oko).

• Yacht-tau (te whakamahi ratou nga whakaaro takawaenga i waenganui i te waka me te whakaaro takere).

He momo o oko

kia whakarārangi te reira i te ingoa o kaipuke e rere.

AAK - he oko iti kotahi-masted ki te raro papatahi, hangaia ki te kawe pikaunga iti.

Kiri - Ko te kaipuke nui, he i toru ki te rima rewa. Kei te tikanga rite rawa te oko ki te rere tapawha, kotahi anake i runga i te tira aft te wakapū whakaritea.

Barquentine - Marine waka tere e toru-pyatimachtovy. E rite rawa te nuinga o nga pourewa ki rā matahao. te hanganga ihu anake kua he rere tapawha.

Kaipuke - kaipuke e rua-masted he Rig tika i runga i te tira matua me te jib me te tira te wakapū Spritsail i runga i te ra nui.

Brigantine - oko e rua-masted ngāwari ki te wakapū rā i runga i te rā mainmast me tapawha i runga i te foremast, ka karanga i tenei momo o te Rig te whakauru.

Galleon - mnogopalubnoe oko moana-haere nui ki te patu puhipuhi kaha. Galleons mo te roa ngā haerenga me whawhai. Enei kaipuke e rere i Tere rawa i roto i te maneuverable ka hanga ake te nuinga o te Spanish me te kaipuke Ingarihi.

Paraurehe - he oko e rua-wha-masted rakau, i whakamahia te nuinga i roto i te Tonga Asia, ka whakaritea mō te awa utanga moana takutai ranei.

IOL - kaipuke he rā matahao, me te rewa tūranga aft muri te tuaka urungi.

Caravel - toru-wha-masted Tarahihi oko ki te Rig whakauru hangaia mō ngā haerenga moana me te waka utanga nui.

Galera - na reira i huaina tata katoa nga poti rere-te hoenga, i whakamahia ratou i roto i nga wa onamata. I tua atu ki te Rig, i tetahi e rua ranei, te hoenga rarangi.

Karakka - he kaipuke e toru-masted nui whakamahia mō ngā take arumoni, me te hōia. Ko te kaipuke i taea whai ake ki toru papanga me he rākau o te riri repo faahiahia.

KECh - he kaipuke iti e rua-masted. whakaritenga rerekē o te tuaka wira mua rewa aft.

Manuao - trehmachtovik hōia he Rig tonu. I hanga manuao Classic i France i roto i te rau tau waenganui-waru, me te ko te kaipuke ngāwari maneuverable ki ringa pai.

Putorino, - Moana pai kaipuke hangaia mō ngā take ikiiki hōia. Nā ki te meka i ko e rave rahi taime nui atu i tona whanui te roa o te kaipuke, i taea e putorino haere tino tata ki te hau, a hoatu ana ki a ia he painga nui i runga i te tahi atu, oko iti maneuverable.

Sloop - hōia e toru-masted kaipuke e rere i raro i te rā tika. I whakamahia te reira i rite te kaitutei, me te waka.

Kaipuke - ngāwari poti rere, i i te iti rawa o e rua rewa ki te wakapū rā. Ko te tino ngāwari ki te whakahaere i kaipuke. Kei te nuinga whakamahia ratou mo te momo o te waka arumoni.

yacht

I te tīmatanga e rere wakarā ko te oko nohopuku, me te marama whakamahia mo te waka o tangata nui-rangatira. I muri, ka anga te wakarā ki ingoa tetahi nekeneke-rere, pūkaha ranei te oko rere, te tikanga mo te tūruhi hākinakina ranei take.

puta te parahutihuti tuatahi i roto i te rau tau tekau ma waru. Ko ratou nohopuku nui, he hāneanea hoki, e te aha pai iwi taonga tenei momo o te waka moana. poti rere Modern he nekeneke outboard, e hanga ngāwari reira ki te parepare i te tauranga, me te rere i te tere puhoi, ara i roto i te marino tonu. E wehea ratou ki ina tauihi ana (i runga i te poari i reira he ruma), i pai ai, me te hōiho.

Hoko i roto i te toa

I teie mahana, roa te tīariari maha sailboats hītori ka noho anake i runga i te whārangi o pukapuka mōrearea me te pikitia i roto i te mau ve'aa me ngā pukapuka. Otiia e kore e he reira utu nui pouri. I roto i te toa taea e koe te hoko tauira o rere kaipuke hangaia mō te hoahoa kaupapa. He hoki kete motuhake me tohi mo te whakaminenga o kaipuke e rere ana ki o ratou ringa ake. E tano ia tapao e kohikohi kaipuke tauira - ko te rauaruhe rawa whakangahau tenei, whiwhi whakauka i Russia.

Ko te tino rongonui, me te rere rongonui kaipuke, whakaahua me ngā tauira e te hunga rongonui:

Bark "Endeavour" - tenei kaipuke rongonui o Hemi Kuki, i runga i nei rere ia ki te unknown i te takutai o Ahitereiria me Aotearoa.

"Neva" me "Hope" - e rua e minaminatia ana mo te wa tuatahi i roto i te aamu Russian ki circumnavigate te ao.

"Prince" - he manuao Ingarihi e totohu i te tau 1854 i roto i te Moana Black i muri i te tupuhi catastrophic. i tika ki nga hau o te taonga wherua, i mau ana ia rongonui.

"Meri Rouz" - te hōia tino nui English Kingi Henry te Eighth, e fakamamahi totohu i 1545.

«Great Republic» - te avion nui o te rautau tekau mā iwa, i hanga e te Kāmana rongonui Donald McKay.

"Ariere" - avion Ingarangi, i hanga rongonui i te meka e i roto i te tau 1866 riro te rongonui "iwi tea" i China ki Rānana.

"Adventure" - he kaipuke o tetahi o nga kaitiora tino rongonui - Kāpene William Kidd.

mutunga

Ko te tau o kaipuke rere ko te wa pono whakaongaonga mō te mōrearea, me te te romance. whai wāhi kaipuke e rere ana i roto i te maha whawhai naval, rere ki takutai siate ka kawea taonga faufaa, e kua e pā ana ki te tokomaha nui o pakiwaitara. Kaipuke o tenei momo whakatapua ki te maha nui o mahi tuhituhi. I runga i ngā kaupapa hītori, me ngā kōrero pūngāwerewere whai wāhi whakaahuatia rere tauira maha kiriata mōrearea rongonui.