Oranienbaum - mātanga. Me pēhea te ki te tiki ki Oranienbaum

I roto i kāinga noho whenua kei roto i nga wahi o waho ake o St. Petersburg, tohaina Oranienbaum. hanga Wae tomo te reira ki te matatini toi mahi faauruhia o kaihoahoa rongonui, kaimahi pūmanawa, kaipeita, me rangatira o toi me mahi o te rau tau XVIII me noho te wahi motuhake i roto i te hītori o te ahurea Russian, me te ao.

Oranienbaum

I roto i te 1707, i homai te whenua e tata ana te pūruatanga o te Gulf o Finland Karasta awa e Pita ahau (te Hiha) ki tona hoa Alexander Menshikov, ko wai i reira Kawana o Ingermanland, tukua ki te Russian Empire i te mutunga o te Northern War nui. Na roto i te tikanga o te tino o te kingi i runga i te rohe takutai ritenga te motu o Kotlin kaihoahoa Schedel G. me D. Fontana i hanga te Palace Grand, tata rite pai rite tona whare nui Emperor i Peterhof. Reira hoki i hangaia Nizhny kari auau - tetahi o te tuatahi i roto i Russia. Huri noa i te noho whenua Aleksandra Menshikova, te ingoa Oranienbaum ratou, ka haere mai te ingoa taua whakataunga Pridvortsovy.

Ko te takenga mai o te ingoa rerekē o ngana ana ki te whakamārama i te putanga rerekē. ta Kotahi kōrero e konei i roto i te tino o Pita Kei ahau orangery karaka Wild (Oranienbaum i Tiamana - o te rakau karaka). I runga i nga Miro, me ngā arapiki waho o te Palace Grand i te raumati faaite i roto i ngā tāpu rerekē mō te Te Tai Tokerau - tipu matomato o te puninga Citrus.

kōrero noho

I roto i tona hītori, i reira i kua neke atu i te 300 tau, kua puta ke te noho i te rota o rangatira, a ka homai te whakataunga i tūnga pa.

I te 1743 ka whakawhitia te noho ki te hakari a Pita III, e kake te torona i roto i te 1761. I muri i te tukipoto whare i roto i 1762 mo Catherine II hanga he whare i roto i Oranienbaum, i tomo i roto i "Dacha Own". Construction o ona whare i anake nga tauira o te kāhua hoahoanga o Rococo aroaro i roto i Russia.

Mai 1796 ko te noho whenua o te whānau o te emepaea me haere ki te whakatupuranga i muri te taonga. I mua i te revolution, whakarārangitia ona rangatira whakamutunga i ariki o Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

I muri i te mau ohipa o 1917, te whare o urupa hītori, me te hoahoanga kua whakawhitia e hāngai ana i runga i te rohe o Oranienbaum Forest College. I roto i te tahi mau whare kingi, i roto i ngā i roto i Haina, i tuwhera taonga. I roto i 1948 whakaingoatia te pa i Lomonosov. "Oranienbaum" (rite te taitara) i tiaki mo te matatini hītori. Taumahi o te pa, ko muri i te pūtaiao nui Russian kihai i tupu i te aituā. Tata konei, i roto i te kainga o UST-Ruditsa, ko reira tona kāinga, me he taiwhanga mo te faaineineraa o te karaihe tae.

I roto i te wā kaumātua i whakarerea Oranienbaum, ka anga ona toe fakafoki nui anake i roto i te mutunga o nga 90.

I roto i te 2007, he matatini ahurei i whakaurua kua i roto i te State Museum "Peterhof". Me kï reira e i roto i nga wahi o waho ake o St Petersburg kore anake i waiho i raro ki te whakangaromanga roto i te Tama'i II o te Ao, a tiaki tona motuhēhē hītori ko te ensemble hītori, me te hoahoanga "Oranienbaum" wae nei raupapa oti kāinga noho māngai Petergofskaya ara.

matatini hoahoanga me te whenua

Whare me ngā pāka o Oranienbaum ngā o toru ensemble toi, hanga i roto i te rau tau XVIII. I roto i te hanga ratou tūranga makehe takaro e Antonio Rinaldi. Kāhua kaihoahoa Italian rerekē i rationalism, haratau Ororongo. I roto i ana mahi e Oranienbaum Hainamana Palace, te Whare Opera, Dvorets Petra III me "Retireti Hill."

whakaurunga park katoa kėia he ahua o te hanganga, kua wehea nei ki Lower Garden ki Menshikov Palace, me te Upper Park, me ona tini urupa hītori.

Ko te hanga ahurei o te wā Petrine

Construction o te Palace Grand me te hanga a tawhio noa te Lower Park, i te mea he āhuatanga motuhake o te kotahitanga hoahoanga me te toi, ko te timatanga o te hanganga o te matatini "Oranienbaum". Wae o tenei wahi o te matatini hoahoanga, i roto i te tua ki te Menshikov Palace ngā tinana o Catherine, Monplaisir Palace, te Marly Palace, te Moana Canal me te huarahi tino ataahua o puna.

Kua ora katoa o ratou ki to tatou wa. Grand Palace ano, ahakoa whakarereke tukurua, kua puta ke kore nui tona ahua. Ia tonu noho tata ki tona mahere taketake, e taea ki a ia hopohopo roto te aranga ahurei ki te wā Petrine.

whenua toi

I roto i te whenua toi o taua wa kua tamata matou ki te neke atu i te mau parau tumu o te wehenga auau o ngā māra. A, no te hanga i taea ki te whakatutuki i te whakawhitinga maeneene i tetahi o ona wahi stylistic ki tetahi atu te Upper Park Rinaldi. ka mau artist pūmanawa ki pūkete nga āhuatanga o te rohe momona, wehe Oranienbaum. Park, arā, o whare, me te Own ensemble Petershtadskogo apiti tahi. E kore rārangi pākaha karauna rakau manicured angamaheni o whakamahere auau. Ko mārama i reira he he kotahitanga mauritau, i hanumi matatini tauira āhuahanga nga huarahi, papa tākaro, he pakari wai o roto, me ngā roto horihori hono e te awa, he ngangau o te natura mohoao me hoahoanga ahurei. māngai te whakamutunga e te huinga ahurei o te kāhua Rococo ki ngā āhuatanga o te Classicism mäharahara ana.

hoahoa toi. Synthesis o ataahua me te whaihua

Ko te āhuatanga motuhake o te Park Upper ko e e hanga tona whakatakotoranga me kaupapa o whare katoa i roto i reira e te kaihoahoa taua. piri hoahoa toi Rinaldi te makutu o ataahua, me te whaihua o te kōtuitui. Mixing momo rerekē i roto i te hoahoa, te hononga o te mau parau tumu auau, me te whenua, tikanga whai wāhitanga rite tohutohu e rua titore mātanga Oranienbaum e feongoongoi hanumi ki te katoa kotahi ki te whenua, e pa ana tona ataahua, me te hanahana.

ensemble hoahoanga me te toi o te park

I roto i nga rire o te kanohi Upper Park te whare Hainamana, he wahi o dacha Own. Te mea faahiahia, ka karanga te hanganga taketake i "Whare Dutch". ka haere mai te ingoa hou i muri mai, ka meinga atu ahua mō "kitayschinu". hanga roto whakapaipai o te whare i roto i te wairua o te toi Chinese, me te Japanese.

Ko te kari Own matatini hoki ngā te Pergola rongonui arbor arā, o pylons 54 me ki raro, ki te hāroto pikitanga kohatu wai. I hanga te reira i roto i te rau tau XIX, me ko te whakapaipai pai o te kari hoahoanga o taua wa. hanga Pergola i runga i te pae o te Whare Coffee, e kore nei e i kawea ki te ora Rinaldi.

kumea te reira i whakarongo ki te "Retireti Hill", i te mea he wāhi park nui. Here, i ngahau te marae reti ana ki ngā kiriata tio, e haere mai tetahi i muri i te tahi atu, me te hanga ake te roa o 532 mita. I wātea i roto i te raumati Traditional fun iwi.

Kei te auraa pea Construction o te "Stone Salo" mō ngā konohete. I tēnei wā, i reira he pikitia pāhekoheko me te whakaaturanga roto hoahoa me te whakairo park.

Ka taea hoki te kite i te Upper Park Cavalry Corps, kuwaha hōnore, teneti, i huaina "kai Hainamana".

park Pita

Petrovsky Park - tetahi atu mea hanga Rinaldi. kawea tona mahere i roto i ki te whai wāhitanga o rangatira Lamberti. A, no te i hanga reira rite huānga o te aronga auau kua reira kua whakamahia i runga i te pūtake o ngā māra Italian. awhiowhio maha, Miro whakauruurutia ki teneti iti, i roto ia ratou - te rua-papa Hermitage, Solovyov taonga, whare Hainamana.

Na a Pita Park kei roto i te kāhua whenua. Tona pūtake tito ko Karasta awa, nga roto Upper me Lower.

Me pēhea te ki te tiki ki te "Oranienbaum"?

E ngā kāinga noho Royal i roto i te takiwā o St Petersburg i te momo o haerenga hōpara. Tirohia ratou a taea e koe koe, ki te matau koutou i roto i mua pehea ki te tiki i reira.

Kei Oranienbaum te i roto i te pa o Lomonosov, kei 40 kiromita i te whakapaipai raki. He pai ki te tiki i konei i te wahi tonga-rawhiti o te pa. Na, ki te teihana tereina "Oranienbaum" (i roto i te Lomonosov) e koutou i te teihana raro "Avtovo" i te tēkihi K-424a, he pahi №200; i runga i te teihana 'Prospect Veterans' - №343 pahi. Mai i te Station Baltic i Lomonosov haere hiko wā.

I mua, i taea e i Kronstadt ki te whare taonga-rāhui kia tae e waka kōpiko, he ngāwari te āhei i pahi №175 inaianei.

aratohu kawe

I te tomokanga ki te pāka ko te mahere ki te wāhi matua, i te mea rongonui mo Oranienbaum. mahere Photo i roto i te heke mai ka te āwhina ki a koe te whakamahere i tō haerenga. Me whakarongo ki te tohutohu mō te tikiake i te aratohu kawe ki te papa - he tono hiko "Oranienbaum Park". He he mahere, te ringa, te mōhiohio e pā ana ki te hītori o te matatini me te ataata poto.