Portland sima - he aha te mea te reira? Brand, tohutohu

Ko tētahi o nga momo tino noa o te sima mo ranunga raima - Portland. Ko e founga te whakamahia reira, he aha ngā āhuatanga kua reira, titiro i enei pātai me te ake i raro.

hanganga

Ka rite ki ki tetahi rauemi hanga, hoatu mua tono tiketike ki nga wāhanga o e hua Portland sima. GOST 10178-85 "Portland sima me para" regulates te hanganga me te kounga o te kai mo tenei momo o te kōpaki:

• Sima clinker ki te hautanga papatipu o te takawai waikura kore te mea neke atu i te 5%.
• Raima rite ki GOST 4013-82. Aroaro o pūhui ūkuikui, boron me te hau köwhai i roto i te nui e kore e anga ke ki te tuhinga paerewa.
• tāpiringa Mineral āhuatanga motuhake e hiahiatia ana mo te hanganga o ngā ranunga o te momo e hiahiatia ana.

E hurihia tahi wāhanga katoa tae noa ki te maheni.

Hoki rerekē momo o Portland sima taea te whakamahi i te ngā wāhanga, ano e tangohia etahi whakaritenga hangarau whakaritea mo te haerenga.

I roto i ngā tipu i reira kawea production i roto, wāhanga katoa haere nga whakamātautau e hiahiatia ana mo te hanganga ture, mārama proportioned te hanga i te ranunga maroke, me te mahi.

Portland sima hangaia e te Standard me tona ti'araa ngā te tākai me i roto i te tuhinga ◊oku ◊oatu fakataha. Ki te kahore he, na te hua e hangaia rite ki TU, kia rere ona āhuatanga i te hunga whänui ana te whakaaetia.

production

Hei matau, Portland - he reira utu whakaaro te tukanga o tona production, e ngā o te maha ngā wāhanga:

1. Pākeho keri puwhero kōwhai ranei. takoto te reira i te hohonu o te 10 mita e nekehia hoki o tona poka tuwhera i roto i te whanaketanga arowhenua whenua papa.
2. Faaineineraa. i waiho i raro rauemi Tuatahi ki te whakamaroke tuatahi, me te huri te whakamahi i te tahi mau tāpiritanga ki te whiwhi i te ranunga combustible. Hei kitea i roto i te mea rahi i te hautanga papatipu o kei tununga poke, tika titiro ki te tapanga: komokomo PC400 D20 te rōrahi o te 20% improvers me kore e PTS500 D0 i ratou i te katoa. I muri i te huri tuatahi calcined te ranunga i roto i oumu motuhake kaha. Mai whiwhi te clinker sima ko - te wāhanga matua o Portland sima.
3. Mutunga. I tenei wā, maroke te clinker te ka hurihia ki te hautanga mahi tahi ki te pākeho me tāpiritanga motuhake mo ia momo o Portland sima. Next, kua ki tonu te ranunga ki pōkai i te 30, 40, 50 kg ka tonoa ki te warehouses pae hanga, ngā toa.

āhuatanga ahumahi

E hanga o ngā rauemi rerekē momo katoa o Portland sima (PC), te whakauru noa mo te katoa ko te clinker sima anake. kia whai i te toe wae āhuatanga rerekē: makuku resistance, ihirangi kohuke. Hoatu enei āhuatanga, e kore e taea ki te hamani momo katoa o te mea i roto i te kotahi ara, na reira e maha ngā huarahi ki te whakatinana i te rua te wāhanga o te whakaputa:

• Ko te tikanga mākū whai wāhi wāhanga huri i roto i te wai. Heoi te mahi ki difficulty uku me te rino tāpiringa. Hoki ratou, i reira he ture haumākū: paru - 20%, kotakota - 29%. Ko te whakaehunga hua i muri i te tukatuka kua he ihirangi makuku o 50%, me te rite taua e tonoa ki te oumu. I roto i te pirepire maimoatanga wera clinker i hanga e e muri paräoa ki te ruruku oti.
• E kore e te tukanga maroke whakapae te Humidification rauemi raw: tomo te reira i te oumu ki maroke. He raro te utu o te sima whakaputaina i roto i tenei ara no te mea e kore ratou e rapua e te pūngao mō te maroke.
• fakatahai mākū me te maroke tikanga ngā. paräoa te slurry (raw ranunga) i roto i te wai. I tua atu, mā te whakamahi i te hoko tātari o te nui nui o makuku i roto i te oumu tukua te ki te ranunga ki 18% makuku.

āhuatanga

Ka rite ki kua whakahuatia, e te raima i runga i te tetahi kounga ina tāpiri reira he ngā sima Portland. He ahurei nga āhuatanga o ia o ratou, engari e noa mō ngā tawhā katoa reira:

• kiato pūmau i roto i te whānui 3050-3150 kg / m ^3, ka rerekē te nuinga mō ngā momo rerekē o HRC.
• Portland sima tuhono ki kia whakaritea e tatari uruhanga №008 paura kore iti iho i te 85%.
• Te rahi motuhake o te mata i muri i dropout 2500-3000 cm ² / g.
• wā Tautuhi: te timatanga - 45 meneti, te mutunga - 12:00. Whanganga i runga i te tauine Vita.

whanganga mauroa te tauira whakamātautau ki ngā āhuatanga 4h4h16 cm, hanga o te otinga sima-one i roto i te ōwehenga 1: 3 ki te ōwehenga o te wai ki te sima o 0.4, i muri i te 28 nga ra o te pakeke. i raro poro Rite te ki piko me te kōpeketanga i te whakatau o ratou uara, me nga tohu tēnā.

momo

Tei runga i te momo o Portland sima whakamahia tāpiritanga kia whai maha o ngā momo:

• kaha wawe;
• pūkawa;
• hydrophobic;
• plasticized;
• he exotherm āhua;
• para;
• waikawa;
• alumina;
• ma me te tae;
• pozzolan.

Ia momo homai poraka raima etahi āhuatanga e tika ana mō te whakamahi i roto i te wāhi motuhake wāhi ranei.

PTS Kei nui o pūhui konupūmā me Ko te ahei o tere hanga kaha i solidification.

titoa pūkawa Portland sima e o tāpiritanga e whakanui i te ātete raima ki matū matū kaitaua.

Kei momo hydrophobic kōpaki tāpiritanga e whakatairanga whakaetonga puhoi o te wai e hanga tona whakamahi taea i roto i ngā wāhi maroke, i reira e tika ana pakeke äta o te kohatu, kahore mate o te kaha.

kōpaki Tiro Plasticized inputted ki te ranunga raima, faarahi tona plasticity me te pou tarāwaho.

Portland sima ki te exotherm āhua i roto i Hydration tukuna te nui āhua iti o te wera.

tito para te o hau oumu para, e tino whakaiti tona utu.

Kei te tito Waikawa HRC o parakore onepu kiripaka me te konutai fluorosilicate, ātete ki te taiao matū kaitaua;

Portland sima, aluminous kei te kukū tiketike o te konumohe ōkai, whakatairanga pakeke tere.

taonga PC tāpiritanga kohuke pozzolanic o te take mai puia me te parataiao (ki runga, ki te 40% o te taimaha katoa). whakanui i ratou i te ātete te wai, me te kore e hanga i efflorescence i runga i te mata o te raima oti.

momo White me tae o uwhi ngā ngā pūhui konganuku e taea te peita i roto i te tetahi te tae o te kohatu.

Whakarōpū i te kaha

I te waitohu wehea Portland i te pūtake o tona taupū mahi - kaha hopea i roto i axial haurua kōpeketanga tauira pakeke 28 ra. Nä, ko te tohu 400, 500, 550, 600 i puta ke.

whakamahia tetahi momo o Portland sima kōeke 400 te ki te waihanga i tētahi whakaaro noa, me te paerewa e kore e e mamae nui haere te ahotea.

He nui atu te utu uara Higher o pane, te whakamahi hoki ngā hanganga tino me ratou wāhanga ratou.

tono

Portland sima - he aha te mea te reira? Ko tenei he puka ake o te kōpaki raima. Nä, i runga i te momo o te filler rānei kua te kohatu atu āhuatanga whakarei ranei. Hei tauira, Portland nui-wawe rata 500 me 600 he auau nui o pakeke, no te mea kua tapiritia reira ki te raima, me te mo te hanga o ngā hanganga nui haepapa e rua raro me ngā hanganga i runga ake-whenua. Ano, Kei te maha whakamahia te reira i roto i te wā i reira i reira he he hiahia mo te haamărôraa tere, mo te tauira, mō te ringihia te formwork turanga.

Ko te tino noa ko Portland sima 400. Ko reira te ao i roto i te tono: hoki te hanga huānga nukurau kotahi, me te precast ki teitei whakaritenga kaha, i te āhuatanga e kore tino iho PTS500, engari he utu raro.

kōpaki Tiro pūkawa whakamahia mo te faaineineraa o ngā ranunga e kua whai wāhi i roto i te hanga i ngā hanganga raro. Ko ratou tino i haria ki te pānga ino o wai ngāwhā kaitaua.

300-600 plasticized sima Portland tino whakapiki i nga āhuatanga kirihou o te otinga, ona āhuatanga kaha, ko te kupu whakaora 5.8% o te kōpaki, whakaritea ki te sima tikanga.

momo Motuhake o HRC uaua whakamahia i roto i te hanga iti rite te uara nui te rauemi raw he, me nga tangata i roto i te huarahi e mohio e pā ana ki tenei ahua o te taonga kaha. tima maha Portland whakamahia mō te hanumi raima whakamahia i roto i te taonga nui, me te nui.

A, no te kore i te mea e tika ana ki te tono

Portland sima - wāhanga kaha e foaki āhuatanga motuhake raima. Otiia e kore e kia e whakamahia kahore tona ahua i roto i te kaha e rerengia ana awa moenga, i roto i nga wai tote, i roto i te wai ki te ihirangi kohuke tiketike. Pūkawa tiro enei tikanga e kore e taea e akakoromaki i ona mahi, kua hangaia te reira ki te mahi i roto i nga wai hitahita pateko. No te pāpuni taputapu, pāpuni me ngā hanganga waipēhi, e mahi rite reo pēhanga i roto i te whakamahi wai momo motuhake o tima.

Me pēhea te ki te whiriwhiri me te hoko

A, no te koe hoko kia mohio ki, Portland - he aha te mea te reira? Ko te ruruku tuatahi ki te waihanga raima. Ka rite ki ki te raima noa, kua hokona te reira i roto i te whakakī peke, peke pepa o te 50 kg, ētahi wā 30, 40.

A, no te kōwhiri i whakarongo utu ki te tohu i runga i te mōkihi. Me waiho he momo tohua (Portland sima, para me te rite. D.), Tautukunga ki GOST ranei W, te nui o ngā tāpiritanga kohuke. Me hoki koe ki te utu i whakarongo ki te rā o te hanga: te kai hou, te pai tona kounga.

I te utu o te sima motuhake e taea te whakaawe e rua kaihanga me resellers. E kore e te hangarau ahumahi taua tikanga i te rerekētanga nui i roto i te utu. Na reira, whiriwhiri te rauemi o te tipu, i te mea e whakawhirinaki, e kua te ingoa pai.

Kia pehea te nui Ko Portland? Ko te utu o tino rongonui P 400 50 kg ia peke tīmata i 200 moni PTS500 (50 kg.) - 230 moni. e mea he he rerekētanga iti, engari e rapu ki te hanga i whakaaro i te nui o te ranunga, e hāngai ana nei i runga i te kōpaki. Ka rite ki te hua o te hapa i roto i te kōwhiringa taea utu i te pene nui.