Pūnaha whakawera roto, o waho: āhuatanga, huapai me ngā huakore

Hoki whakawera wāhi whakamahia te pūnaha whakawera roto, o waho. whakarato te kōwhiringa muri te kiritaki te wai wera atu. He mea tika ki te whakahaere i te whakahōu tamau o te pūnaha.

whakamahi pūnaha kati wai anake rite te coolant. Kei te tonu huri te reira i roto i te koropiko kati, kei hea he iti nga parekura.

ngā o toru ngā wāhanga matua tetahi pūnaha:

• he pūtake wera: te kōhua, chp, aha noa;.
• whatunga whakawera, kawea nei ki te coolant;
• kiritaki Heat: hatete, radiators.

ngā te reira i te pūnaha tuwhera

Ko te painga o te pūnaha tuwhera ko tona pai. No te mea o nui te kounga korere roa wai ino roa: riro te reira i takatakahia, riro te tae, he kakara kino. Nganatanga ki te ūkui tona ara ki te hanga whakamahi o te utu.

Ka taea te kite i te pūnaha whakawera putorino i roto i te pa nui. E ratou he diameter nui, me te pūpū ki te insulator waiariki. E hanga ana ratou whakahe ki te mau fare takitahi i roto i substation wera. tukua te wai wera te mo te whakamahi, me te mo whakawera radiators i te puna noa. rerekē tōna pāmahana i roto i 50-75 ° C.

hanga Hono i te whatunga whakawera te ara ririki, me te motuhake o te whakatinana i te pūnaha whakawera kati, me te tuwhera. Ko te tuatahi ko te ki te tuku wai tika - mā papua me ngā waeine ararewa te wahi e kawea ai ki te pāmahana e hiahiatia ana mā te ranu ki te wai matao. Ko te tikanga motuhake, ko te ki te whangai i te wai wera i roto i te exchanger wera. Ko reira atu te utu, engari ko te kounga o te wai i te kiritaki i runga.

Āhuatanga o te pūnaha kati

i hanga raina ngāwhā te rite te koropiko kati kotahi. hana te wai i roto i reira te i roto i exchangers i te mau opuaraa huarahi wera. Me whiwhi tēnei papua atu. Ko te kainga ake me te wai te tikanga pāmahana - pai. noho te reira i roto i te pūnaha, me te kore e tangohia ake e te kiritaki. E faaho'i-faahou-whangai aunoa i te parekura iti te wai.

Ka whiwhi pūnaha motuhake kati pūngao i te coolant tukua ki nga wae whakawera. kawea He te wai kei te ki te tawhā e hiahiatia ana. tautoko Various mō te whakawera, me te wera supply wai pāmahana.

Ko te ngoikoretanga o te pūnaha, ko te matatini o te tukanga maimoatanga wai. utu rite utu o te tuku wai ki te wae whakawera kei matara i ia atu.

whatunga putorino whakawera

I reira, kāinga whatunga whakawera kei roto i te huru rawakore. Nā ki te kōrero nui kakahu iti ki te whakakapi putorino ki mains whakawera ki te hunga hou atu ki te whai wāhi i roto i te tamau hanga.

whakapai ake tonu nga kōrero tawhito katoa i roto i te whenua, ko te taea. I roto i te hanga nui ranei hanga o ngā whare whakaturia putorino hou i roto i te polyurethane pahuka i mātao (Puri), e rave rahi mau taime whakaiti mate wera. tau mahani whakawera mō putorino hangaia ki te hangarau motuhake, te whakakī i te āputa i waenganui i te pahuka kei roto te ngongo rino, me te takotoranga.

Ko te pāmahana o te inu e taea tae 140 ° C.

Ko te whakamahi o te polyurethane pahuka i rite mātao taea te pupuri wera pai nui atu i ngā rauemi arai tuku iho.

Whakawera o whare fare

Rerekē whare whare ranei, wera ngā he whare fare Kei uaua te putorino iahiko waea me hatete. I tua atu, i te pūnaha ngā āhuatanga mana me te haumaru.

Hoki te whare i reira he ture whakawera, i āta te taumata pāmahana tino me te hapa tīkina, i runga i te wa, huarere, me te wa o te ra rānei. Ki te whakarite tatou i te pūnaha whakawera kati, me te tuwhera, te tuatahi he pai ki te tautoko i te tawhā e hiahiatia ana.

Me whakarite District whakawera tiaki o te tawhā matua i roto i te runga i GOST 30494-96.

Ko te mea nui rawa te parekura wera puta i roto i nga stairwells o whare fare.

Supply o te wera mo te wahi tino hanga e te hangarau tawhito. Tino whakawera a me ngā pūnaha meangiti ki te huinga noa.

Huakore o te whakawera centralized whare noho hanga reira e tika ana ki te hanga i ngā pūnaha taa. Na te reira e uaua reira no te mea o te raruraru i te taumata-ture.

Motuhake te whakawera i te whare nohoanga

Ko te whare o te momo tawhito o te kaupapa whakarato te pūnaha centralized. kaupapa takitahi tukua ki a koe te whiriwhiri i te momo o ngā pūnaha whakawera ki te whakaiti i ngā utu pūngao. He he he pea o ratou pūkoro atu, no te kore e hiahiatia.

hanga hianga o ngā pūnaha motuhake i roto i te tirohanga o ngā paerewa whakawera. Ahiri aita te reira, e kore e taea te hoatu e te whare ki te mahi. Pipiki ki he ngaahi tu'unga whakarite whakamarie ki te noho noho te kāinga.

Ko te nuinga o te puna o te whakawera wai hiko hau ranei kōhua. Me whiriwhiri koe pehea ki te horoi pūnaha. I roto i ngā pūnaha centralized tono tikanga hydrodynamic. tu-anake hoki, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te matū. He mea tika ki te whakaaro i te haumaru o te mana o tauhohenga i runga i nga radiators me putorino.

Ko te pūtake ture mō ngā whanaunga i roto i te mara o te supply wera

Te hononga o kamupene pūngao me kiritaki regulates te ture Federal i tau supply wera 190, i tomo ki roto ki te kaha i roto i te 2010

1. Chapter 1 whakatakoto ana i nga ariā taketake me kai whānui tautuhi i te whānuitanga o te anga ture o whanaunga ōhanga i roto i te supply wera. Kei roto hoki whakarato o te wai wera. Whakaaetia e te mau parau tumu whānui o te whakahaere o te supply wera ko ki te whakarato i te pono, whai hua, me ngā pūnaha whakawhanake, he mea tino nui ki te noho i roto i te āhuarangi Russian matatini.
2. Vahe 2 me 3 tohu he wāhi nui o te mana ā-rohe e whakahaere utu i te mara o te whakawera, i whakapuakina ai te tika o tona whakahaere, te pūkete o te kohi pūngao waiariki me paerewa o ona parekura i roto i te tuku. mana tonu ki enei pātai e āhei ki a koutou te whakahaere i te whakahaere supply wera no ki te monopolists.
3. I roto i te Chapter 4, te hononga i waenganui i te kaiwhakarato pūngao ngāwhā kitea me te kiritaki i raro i te kirimana. whakaaro tatou āhuatanga ture katoa o te hononga ki ngā whatunga wera.
4. Chapter 5 whakaata nga ture o te faaineineraa mo te wa o te whakawera, me te hanga o ngā pūnaha whakawera me puna. E whakamārama ana he aha ki te mahi ki te-utu kore i raro i te kirimana, me ngā hononga kāore i ki whatunga wera.
5. Chapter 6 whakatakoto ana i nga tikanga o whakawhitinga ki te mana o te whakahaere whaiaro-ture i roto i te mara o te whakawera, te whakarite i te whakawhitinga o ngā tika ki te mana me te whakamahi o te ahanoa o whakawera.

kia mōhio o nga tikanga o te Ture Federal i supply wera ngā mema o te pūngao waiariki i roto i te tikanga ki te whakapuaki i to ratou tika ture.

Takanga ara iahiko whakawera

whakawera ara iahiko ko te tuhinga i mua i te kaupapa-, e whakaata ana te hononga ā-ture, tikanga o te mahi me te whanaketanga o te whakaratonga o te kainga pūnaha wera rohe tāone. I roto i te pā ana ki reira ki te ture e hānga ana ngā etahi tikanga.

1. kaupapa whakawera mō te whakataunga e whakaaetia e nga mana matua rohe whaiaro kāwanatanga-ranei, i runga i te taupori rānei.
2. Hoki te rohe e hāngai ana, ko te ki te waiho i te whakahaere supply wera kotahi.
3. I roto i te Kaupapa i tohua puna pūngao me ratou tawhā matua (kawenga, rārangi etc) ka te pūtoro o te mahi.
4. He whakarite mehua ki te whakawhanake i tētahi pūnaha e fakapapau mahana, tiaki o kaha te taikaha, te hanga o ngā āhuatanga mo tona mahi maeneene.

whakanohoia ahanoa whakawera i roto i te rohe o te whakataunga rite ki te kaupapa whakaaetia.

Whāinga o te ara iahiko whakawera

• whakamāramatanga o te whakahaere supply wera kotahi;
• whakamāramatanga hononga ki te whatunga waiariki o whakapaipai hanga;
• te whakaurunga o mehua mo te whanaketanga o ngā pūnaha supply wera i roto i te hōtaka haumi o te whakahaere supply wera.

mutunga

Ki te whakarite tatou e fafau i te pūnaha whakawera kati, me te tuwhera inaianei ko te whakataki o te tuatahi. Ka taea e te wai wera whakapai ake i te kounga o te wai i tukua ki te taumata inu.

Ahakoa te meka e hangarau hou e he rauemi-ora, me te whakaiti i te pira ki te huru, e rapu ratou haumi nui. I roto i tenei take, he kore o tohunga tohu i roto i te ngaro o te whakangungu kaimahi motuhake me utu iti.

E tika ana ki te pūtea arumoni me te pūtea, whakataetae hoki kaupapa haumi, me etahi atu nga tikanga o te whakatinanatanga. Events.