Puoro - he ... Pulse whanui puoro

A, no te haukotia i roto i te ora ia rā ki ngā ariā hou, e maha e ngana ana ki te kitea e tali ki ratou mau uiraa. Hoki tenei whakaaro ko reira tika ki te whakaahua i tetahi āhuatanga. Ko tētahi o ratou ko te mea pēnei i puoro. Mō ia, a ka kia kōrero atu.

whakaahuatanga whānui

Puoro - Ko te tukanga o te huri tetahi he huinga katoa o ngā tawhā o oscillations nui-auau i roto i runga i te ture o te mōhiohio auau iti o te karere ranei. Nā tēnei, i roto i te whakawhiti o hihinga o te tohu mana i roto i te rohe auau tiketike, mai titau te wāhi whai hua i roto i te pāpāho e whakahaeretia transceivers katoa i iarere rerekē kahore tape'ai tahi i te tahi. Na roto i tenei tukanga, kua whakanohoia wiri mōhiohio i runga i te kawe, mohiotia he priori. Kei ngā mōhiohio tuku te tohu mana. kōpiupiutanga High-auau e te tūranga o te kawe o ngā mōhiohio, reira riro te mana o te kawe. whakatakotoria te raraunga tuku tohu mana te. He momo rerekē o te puoro e tei runga i te aha te huru o te pukangaru whakamahia: tapawhā, tapatoru, ranei etahi atu. A, no te tohu mamati ki te kōrero e pā ana ki te whawhe. Ko te kupu, puoro - he tukanga whai wāhi wiri, na kia mau ai ki auau, tīwera, wāhanga, me ētahi atu.

momo

Na ka taea e kite koe i te aha momo o te tītohu te tīariari. I roto i te meka, te puoro - he tukanga i roto i i whakawhitia te poipoi nui-auau te. Nuinga o ngā wā, i te momo e whai ake nei: auau, tīwera me te wā. A, no te auau puoro puta te huringa i roto i te auautanga, ki te kaha tīwera - tīwera engari ki te wāhanga - wā. He whakaaro whakauru. puoro Whānui me te whakarerekē no ki te wehe momo. I roto i tenei take, nga tawhā o wiri nui-auau huri discretely.

puoro tīwera

I roto i ngā pūnaha ki tenei momo o te huringa ko te huringa o te kaha tīwera poipoi kawe i te auau tiketike i te tikanga o te ngaru modulating. A, no te whakakitea te tātari putanga auau kore anake te auau tāuru, ko ratou moni me te rerekētanga. I roto i tenei take, ki te te puoro - he te ngaru matatini, rite, mo te tauira, tohu korero arā o te plurality o iarere, e tangohia e te reira e rua ropu, tetahi i raro te kawe, a te rua o nga mema ki te moni, me te rerekētanga iarere. E huaina ratou lateral: runga, me te raro. Tuatahi - he tauira o te taketake tohu oro neke e te auau motuhake. Ko te pēne o raro - te kape o te tohu taketake kua haere nei te koaro, e ko, te iarere tiketike taketake - he auau raro i roto i te taha raro.

Ko te taha ki raro i te whakapakoko whakaata o te whanaunga taha o runga ki te auau kawe. Pūnaha whakamahi tīwera puoro, te kawe tuku me te taha e rua, ka karanga te-ara e rua. E kore e te kawe i roto i tetahi mōhiohio whai hua, kia taea te nekehia atu te reira, engari i roto i tetahi take, he rua te pēne tohu te taketake. Whāiti te whitiki tutuki e displacing te tautoko e kore anake, engari ano hoki tetahi o te taha, ka rite ki tetahi wahi o te mōhiohio i roto i roto i a ratou. mohiotia ana tēnei momo te rite te puoro kotahi-sideband ki te kawe tāmia.

demodulation

Tenei tukanga tā te ranu i te tohu modulated ki te kaikawe o te taua auau tukuna e te e te modulator. I muri iho, i whiwhi ai te tohu taketake kei roto i te puka o te auau auau ranei ropu motuhake, a ka tātarihia i te tahi atu tohu. I te tahi taime te tupu i te whakatupuranga o te kawe mo demodulation i runga i te whenua, i te kore e hāngai tonu reira ki te auautanga kawe ki te modulator. Nā ki te rerekētanga iti i waenganui i te iarere kitea mismatches, i te mea angamaheni mo iahiko waea.

puoro he pini

I roto i tenei take, he tohu baseband mamati, i.e. taea reira ki te whakawaehere neke atu i te kotahi wahi ia mokotare mā te whakawaehere tohu raraunga ā-rua ki ngā taumata maha. Kei te te tahi mau taime wehea nga paraire o te tohu ā-rua ki takirua. Ka taea te whakamahi hoki i te rua o wha moka huinga ahua, māngai ai te ia rua i tetahi o nga taumata tīwera wha. te āhuatanga he tohu whakawaeheretia taua i roto i taua i te auau puoro ko te hawhe te auau mokotare o te tohu raraunga taketake, kia taea te whakamahi i te reira no te puoro tīwera i roto i te tikanga tikanga. kitea Ko tōna tono te ki kōrero reo irirangi.

puoro auau

Pūnaha ki te puoro amo e ka rerekē te auau kawe runga i ki te āhua o te tohu modulating. he pai i roto i ngā o te pūmautanga o te kaha tīwera ki te whakatau i te pānga i runga i te whatunga waea ngā tenei momo, na kia whakamahia reira i kīia e iti, te wahi i reira he kore hiahia ki te whai wāhi i te hōkaiipurangi nui.

puoro Wāhanga-tīwera

Hei whakanui i te maha o moka ia mokotare kia wā ngā me puoro tīwera.

Ka rite tetahi o nga tikanga hou o te puoro kaha tīwera-wāhanga kia whakahuatia tetahi hāngai e te i runga i multicarrier tuku. Hei tauira, i roto i te tahi mau tono te kawe 48 wehea e te Unuhia o 45 Hz. Na roto i te whakakotahi i te kaha tīwera, me te wā puoro mo ia kawe e tohaina ki 32 āhua motuhake i roto i ia wā mokotare he motuhake, hanga reira taea ki te kawe 5 paraire ia mokatere. Huri i te reira i roto i e taea tenei huinga katoa ki a koe te whakawhiti 240 paraire ia mokatere. A, no te whakahaere i 9600 tere moka / s puoro titau te 40 mokatere. Ko te tino ngāwari ana o tīwera tenei ahua iti, me te hūpeke tūturu ki te whatunga waea wāhanga.

Ā puoro hihiko

Kei te nuinga o, i titiro ana tēnei momo rite te pūnaha mō te päpäho tohu tairitenga, hei tauira, reo-mamati. e kore te tenei tikanga puoro whakamahia i roto i ngā pouwhanga. Here puta gating tairitenga tohu i te tere rua te teitei tohu wāhanga auau i roto i te puka tairitenga. A, no te whakamahi i taua pūnaha i roto i whatunga waea puta gating 8000 wa ia te rua. Ia tauira - ko te taumata ngaohiko whakawaeheretia whitu waehere moka. Hei tohu pai te reo korerotia, whakamahia whakawaehere te logarithmically. E whitu tahi nga paraire ki te waru korero te aroaro o te octet tohu i hanga.

hiahiatia puoro me te rapunga kua ki whakahokia te tohu karere, e ko te tukanga whakamuri. A, no te tahuri tenei tohu e te tikanga nonlinear. huānga nonlinear whakarangatira wāhanga tūāwhiorangi hou o te tūāwhiorangi o te tohu putanga me e whakamahia ngā tātari ki te tutakina wae auau iti. Ka taea te whakamana puoro me te rapunga whakamahi p mārua, transistors, Semiconductor ngōhiko rite te huānga nonlinear. whakamahia ngā p Semiconductor ira, mai te mea nui nui te puritanga tāuru planar.

momo hou

puoro Digital whakarato tawhiti nui kaha mōhiohio me he hototahi ki te momo o ratonga raraunga mamati. I tua atu ki te awhina o ake haumaru ngā mōhiohio, pai ake ngā pūnaha kōrero te kounga, me te whakatere uru ki a ratou.

He maha ngā herenga fehangahangai e kaihoahoa o tetahi pūnaha: mana whakaaetia, me te ropu whanui auautanga, he pūnaha taumata kōrero haruru tomu'a. ra katoa te maha o ngā kaiwhakamahi o ngā pūnaha kōrero, me te he tono tipu mo ratou, e titau te hua i roto i te rauemi irirangi. Ko mārika i rerekē i te tairitenga puoro Digital kia te kawe whakawhiti reira nui o ngā mōhiohio.

whīwhiwhi o te whakamahi

Ko nga ngā o ngā pūnaha reo irirangi mamati he taua mahi matua - ki te kitea e te ngātahitia i waenganui i te whanui o te ropu pāpāho raraunga me te matatini o te pūnaha tū. Ki tenei mutunga, ki te whakamahi tika tikanga puoro rerekē te tiki i te hua e hiahiatia ana. Ka taea te whakaritea kōrero reo irirangi mā te whakamahi i tuku ohie me circuitry kaiwhiwhi, engari he hautanga te tūāwhiorangi auau ki te tokomaha o ngā mema ki te whakamahi mo te taua kōrero. Hoki atu foaki matatini me farii rapu utu iti hōkaiipurangi mō ngā mōhiohio päpäho i roto i te rōrahi taua. Hei nuku ki te tikanga tuku spectrally pai e tika ana ki te haafifi i te taputapu i runga i. e kore e tenei raruraru whakawhirinaki i runga i te momo o te kōrero.

whirinoa

āhuatanga whanui Pulse puoro i roto i taua tona tohu kawe tohu te raupapa o ngātere, ai he tonu te auau pini. Ko te āwangawanga ngā huringa i te roanga anake o ia pini o te tohu modulating, aua.

Ko rerekē i te wā auau whanui Pulse puoro. Ko te whakamutunga tā te tohu puoro rite te poipoi sine. Kei te āhuatanga i te reira e te kaha tīwera tamau me te auautanga tāupe wā ranei. taea hoki te modulated tohu Pulse i roto i te auau. kia waiho te reira i te roanga pini whakaritea, me ko ratou auau i roto i te tahi mau uara toharite, engari ka rerekē ratou uara inamata i runga i nga tohu modulating rānei.

ngā kitenga

Ko taea ki te whakamahi i ngā momo puoro ohie, ki tetahi anake tawhā ka rerekē i runga i ki te kōrero modulating. kaupapa puoro ngā whakamahia nei i roto i ngā taputapu hou mō te kōrero, - ka i reira te mea he huringa tukutahi, me te kaha tīwera, me te wā kawe. I roto i ngā pūnaha hou e taea te whakamahi subcarriers maha, ia o nei whakamahi i te tetahi momo o te puoro. I roto i tenei take, he mea he kaupapa tohu puoro. Kei te whakamahia i tēnei wā mō te momo maha matatini e rapua e āhuatanga atu ki te hei mōhiohio whakaahuatanga ngaio.

mahi i roto i ngā pūnaha kōrero hou te momo tino pai o te puoro, reira whakaiti te hōkaiipurangi whakaratohia ki wāhi auau noa mō te tahi atu momo o tohu. hononga Kounga i reira anake toa, engari i roto i tenei take i te matatini o te taputapu he tiketike rawa. I te pae hopea, te auau puoro homai he hua kitea anake ki te kaiwhakamahi mutunga i roto i ngā o te haratau o te whakamahi o te tikanga hangarau.