Haututū - he aha te mea tenei? Ngā momo o te whanonga haapa'o ore

Haututū - Ko piki noa enei ra. fakahu'unga te reira i te takahi o tikanga pāpori manakohia i roto i te hapori. te katoa nui atu o taata haapa'o ore, me te whanonga Deviant takoha ki te whakarongo ki a ratou, sociologists, kaimātai hinengaro, tākuta, rangatira uruhi ture me tae noa tangata noa. Kei te ako tokomaha pūtaiao nga take, ngā āhuatanga me ngā āhuatanga e whakatau i te faaiteraa o tenei āhuatanga kino. Otiia tuatahi Me ki matau he aha he whanonga noa, me te aha he mea tika koe?

whakamāramatanga

I roto i nga hapori he ona ake ngā tikanga me ngā ture o te mahi. Ka taea e kia ratou e rua ōkawa, me te tohia. He tikanga mo ratou uruhi. kia mohio ki te reira e ko te reira e kore anake te pirihimana engari ano te wehi o te whakahē i whanaunga. He tangata ka taea e kia te mea e kore e tangohia e te reira morare tikanga, engari ihora whai. Ka taea te kitea rawa he āhuatanga rerekē i roto i te hapori e he i roto i te tukanga tamau o te whakahou. I roto i tenei wā, whakangaromia nga ture tawhito, me nga mea hou, ahakoa i reira e, engari e kore e whai wa ki te noho ki raro, ka whiwhi tikanga whakaü. Na reira, i tetahi ripeneta me te revolution titau maranga taumata o taupori Haututū. E whakamārama ana tēnei i te āhuatanga i roto i Russia hou, rite, te mea, me hehema kino i roto i te ao. Ko te ariā o te Haututū tā tetahi takahi o tikanga pāpori, me te ture. Me kitea te reira i te kotiti. Ko te whakamutunga titau te pato'iraa, ko te ariā whanaunga. E pā ana te reira ki te ture anö i roto i te rōpū pāpori ngā. Haututū - Ko reira he ariā tūturu. He ki te mahi ki nga ture o taua whenua. Heoi delinkvetnoe whanonga ngā kore anake aua mahi mo e kia tupuraa he whiu ōkawa.

History o te ako

Ko te whanonga noa o te iwi - ko te turanga o te mahi tahi o tetahi hapori. Na reira, i nga wa katoa i tamata te mana, philosopho me pūtaiao ki te kitea tikanga me tikanga e whakamahia ana. Na reira Haututū - ko te kaupapa o ngā akoranga pāpori. I te pakiaka o te tepu tona ako noa Durkheim. Heoi, he wāhi motuhake whakatapua ki te ako o te Haututū, i hanga e tika ana ki Merton me Cohen. I roto i te Soviet Union i reira kua ako i roto i te anga o te faatītīraa, mātauranga taihara me te suicidology rite te distsilin motuhake. Haututū - Ko te mea i raro o sociologists Russian ki anake 1960-1970-doma tenei. whai nui ki te ako o tenei āhuatanga i Afanasiev maitai, Matochkin, Gilinskiy.

Ko te take o te Haututū

faataa tohutohu rerekē pāpori ine i te whanonga noa rerekē. Merton, e whai ake nei Durkheim, whakamahi te wā "Pākatokato". Kei raro iho ia, matau ia te āhua o te hapori, ka kore ko te uara hou ano ka u, a koroheke kua hipa ake tona ake. Ko te kupu, ko reira taea ki te whakamārama i te Haututū me taiohi. Kei te hono te reira ki te hanganga o te konä me te huringa i roto i to ratou wahi, me te tūranga i roto i te hapori. Ko te take o te whanonga haapa'o ore, rite ki Merton, ko te kore o te ruruku i waenganui i nga whāinga o nei e hoatu i mua i te hapori tangata, me te tikanga e homai ai ki a ia. whakamārama tētahi atu au te ine o te aroaro o te tahi atu tikanga ahurea. sociologist Russian whakapono e whakatika i te ine no te mea o te kore ōritenga o te tangata, e kore e taea ki te whakatau i to ratou mau hinaaro o ngā rōpū pāpori takitahi. e pā ana tētahi atu rōpū o ngā take kei te ki te hua i roto i te maha o ngā pathologies. Hei tauira, te mate hinengaro, tarukino me te tūkino waipiro.

momo

Ko te momo matua o te whanonga haapa'o ore ko te hara. Ano, he mea he momo o te kairau, me te waranga tarukino. Ko te takenga mai o te rangahau oraraa totiare i runga i takoto hara i roto i te mahi o te pūtaiao Russian Hermann. He wāhi nui ki a ratou hanga i te Kaitatau Franco-Belgian Quetelet. Ahau Last haere mai ki te mutunga e presupposes tetahi pūnaha pāpori te oraraa o hara. Whakakore ratou rawa e taea, e taea anake te puritia i raro i te mana. E ai ki te tohunga, ka nui te awe te tupu o te hara i roto i Russia e te whakawhitinga ki te ōhanga mākete.

Hoki te ma'unimā wa roa i roto i te USSR i whakaaro he raruraru anake i roto i te whenua capitalist. Heoi, i reira he kahore whakakahore tona faufaa i roto i nāianei Russia. whakaatu tataunga whakaaro e te take matua o te whakamahi tarukino ko te matewai hoki ngā wheako hou. Ko reira i roto i te nuinga o te iwi taitamariki nei e tuku ki a ratou i raro i te mana o hoa me i mohio take. Ko te nui pai ana e pā ana ki te mau hopearaa o te whakamahi tarukino pāpori o teie mahana, te nuinga o nga ngā hamani ratou tōraro.

Ko tētahi atu momo o te whanonga haapa'o ore he moepuku. Ahu reira i te wehenga pāpori o mahi, me te whanaketanga o te kōhimuhimu e. Ahakoa i roto i nga anotau Middle i akina atu te hahi ki te hoatu ki tenei āhuatanga ake. E toru kaupapa here matua ki moepuku: Prohibition (prohibitionism), rēhita me te tirotiro hauora (ture), me te mau ana i roto i te mahi ārai (abolitionism). Kua kï te puka tuatahi e rua ki te kia hua. E whakaatu ana wheako Historical e anake e taea te panoni pāpori me te wairua pūmau whakaoti tenei raruraru i roto i te hapori.

Kotiti me Haututū

He mea tika ki te whakamārama tonu e kore e tino ōrite enei ariā e rua. pā ratou ki tetahi ki tetahi rite ki te katoa, me ona wahi. Tetahi whanonga haapa'o ore he Deviant, engari e kore e ine katoa - ko te kino. tei katoa i runga i nga ture e tono i roto i te whenua. riro taata haapa'o ore whanonga Deviant anake i raro i te mana o te kāwanatanga i roto i te tangata o ona tinana motuhake e aroturuki i te mahia o te tikanga ōkawa.

Haututū hongofulu

He uaua tonu wā Tauwhiro. E whakamārama ana tēnei nga hōhonutanga katoa o tenei ao. I tenei wa i te āhua o te hanganga. haamata Haututū Rangatahi ki matangarotanga kura, hooliganism iti. He maha tōnounou me raruraru i roto i te utuafare Ko tōna take matua o te mātauranga. I te tahi taime e taea te whai pānga i te reira ki te psychopathology me āhua rerekē, e kore e nei tukua ki te whakatata ki ētahi atu tamariki, e whakaoho fakaaoao.