Qin whare: ko te kingi tuatahi o fā'ūtaha China

noho Chinese whare Qin i te mana no te tekau tau anake kotahi me te hawhe. Heoi, ko reira ia, engari i runga i te rangatira tuatahi katoa o tenei ingoa - Qin Shi Huang, i faataahia ki te haere ki raro, i roto i te aamu rite te unifier o kaperuatia kingitanga Hainamana ki te kingitanga centralized kotahi, whakatakotoria nga turanga o te whanaketanga pāpori-ōhanga, whakahaere me te tōrangapū i roto i China mō rau tau maha ki te haere mai.

Whakamārama o te kingitanga i roto i Haina i tahito

I roto i te rima o ki te toru rau tau BC, te kingitanga onamata i roto i Haina e tonu i whawhai ki ia atu mō te aoniu. I roto i ēnei āhuatanga, te heke mai ratou i taea te whakarato i te uniana anake o hinonga motuhake ki te mana kaha kotahi, ahei ki te tiaki i ona rohe ki hoariri waho, me te ki te hopu pononga i roto i te wāhi tata me te whenua hou. Nā ki te riri haere tonu o nga rangatiratanga Hainamana taea te hanga taua rōpū anake e kaha i raro i te maru o te kaha o ratou, e pae hopea tupu.

wā Time i 255 222 tau. tomo BC te hītori Hainamana rite te wā o te whawhai States - "whawhai (whawhai ranei) kingitanga". Ko te kaha o enei ko te rangatiratanga o Qin (hakari-ra Shanxi). Ko tōna rangatira, Ying Zheng kake te torona i te tau o te tekau ma rua, engari rawa hohoro whakamatauria ia rite te rangatira kaha, me te kino o te mahi. I mua ki tona tau kingi e te kāwanatanga o Qin Lu Bu-wei, he kaihokohoko mana, me te kingi. Otiia ko te taenga atu ano rangatira o Qin rua tekau-tetahi, ka mau ia ki tonu te mana ki o ratou ringa ake, nanakia tikanga o te Lu Bu-wei, tamata ki te turaki ia.

I muri tau o te pakanga i roto i te 221 BC, i kaha ki te katoa te "whawhai States", tetahi i muri i tetahi Ying Zheng: te Han, Zhao, Wei, Chu, Yan ko Qi. E tu ana i te matenga o te mana rahi, ka mau Ying Zheng te taitara hou mo ia ko ona uri - ". Te Hiha" "Huangdi", i te auraa

Qin Shi Huang - te emepera tuatahi o China

atu i runga i Qin Empire te rohe nui - i Sichuan ko Guangdong ki te tonga mua. Ka kake ki te torona i raro i te ingoa o Qin Shi Huang, "te Hiha tuatahi o te Qin whare," Ying Zheng i te wahi tuatahi whakangaromia nga ngā kāwanatanga motuhake awhenga ki whenua reira. I wehea te āhua ki toru tekau-ono rohe, ia o nei ko ano hoki te District Military. I te matenga o ia wāhi o te Emperor o Haina whakaturia e rua rangatira - harangotengote me te hōia.

I tino iti te reira e te mana o te kāhui. i Whakakahoretia taitara kahurangi mua - i teie nei te paearu o rangatira ko te taumata o te taonga, me ngā ratonga ki te āhua. Āpiha taputapu āhua cumbersome i runga i te whenua, ko te nei i raro i te mana o te whakahaere pokapū, i whakahaerehia tenei e te whakataki o te evanelia o kaitirotiro ki te aroturuki ratou mahi.

he maha o te tahi atu hanganga, i meinga rongonui Qin whare i Qin Shi Huang: tahoź e ia te pūnaha moni, whakaurua te pūnaha kotahi o te taimaha, kaha me te roa puta noa i te whenua, ko te huinga o ture, whakatūria he pūnaha whenua-whānui kotahi o te tuhituhi.

I tua atu, i mana fakangofua ia ratou matau o free whenua hokohoko, i meinga he rangatira haamaitairaa a mohoa inä, me te kino nui o rangatira. He hua nui i roto i te tukino pupirikana me mahi herenga, me te hou ture tino pākaha whakarato mo te kawenga ngātahi, arahina ki hokohoko pononga whānui. mohio New - taonga kaimahi, kaitukino, nui me kaihokohoko - kaha tautoko hanganga i whakahaeretia te whare Qin, engari i tino pouri ki a ratou te kāhui tawhito. Confucians, te faaite i te huru o te whakamutunga, ka anga ki nuitia faahapa te kāwanatanga, me te ki te matapae i te mate tere kingitanga. Ka rite ki te hua, ki runga ki nga whakahau a Qin Shi Huang, i waiho i raro i nga Confucians ki te tāmitanga tino kino.

ngā mahi Construction i roto i te Qin Empire

I roto i te kingitanga o Qin Shi Huang i kawea i roto i nui-tauine hanga whatunga o whakaurunga hawai me rori, horahia puta noa i te whenua. I te 214-213 tau tīmata BC te hanga o te pā tūwatawata grandiose - te Wall nui o Haina - ki te tiaki i nga rohe raki o te kingitanga i te iwi mohoao.

I tua atu, i kitea i roto i te hawhe tuarua o te whaipara rau tau whakamutunga i te urupa nui o Qin Shi Huang. I roto i te Crypt nui i immured reira "ope terracotta" katoa - oti ono mano tau te ora-rahi o hoia me te whawhai-hoiho, "tiaki" te rangimarie mure ore o te Hiha.

Religion i roto i te Qin Empire

Ko te wā ka te mana i roto i Haina i te whare Qin, ko te wa o te faatîtîraa tonu o te karakia. rāngai katoa o te hapori i whakapono i roto i te raupapa tipua o te ao. E ai ki nga whakaaro e kua puta ake te roa i mua i te Qin Empire, i takoto te oraraa o te ao i te pāhekoheko o te mau parau tumu rangi e rua - Yin me yang. Tata hono ki tenei ko te whakaaro o ngā whiti e rima o te ao. whakapuakina te Emperor oranga tipua i heke iho nei i te rangi. I whakapono te reira e ko ia i raro i te tiaki o nga mea timatanga katoa, me tona rangi "ōrite" ra mahi.

ka whakanuia Qin Shi Huang ia i religiosity tino, kua heke ki te fetishism tahito, me te karakia. Ia maha haere ki te whānuitanga o ngā karakia, makutu, pau ahau i te rota o te wā me te kaha rapu mō "elixir o te tahuti ore", ara i roto i enei anga mo te ope nui ki te motu Japanese.

Qin whare: te hinga

I roto i te 210 BC, i roto i tetahi o nga haerenga tirohanga ki te whenua, ka mate te kingi Qin Shi Huang ohorere (hītori whakapono e ko rima-kotahi tau i ia i te wa). kake ia ki te torona e tana tama, Ere Shi Huang, e tamata ki tonu kaupapa here o tona papa. Heoi, te whakahaere ia ki te noho i roto i te mana no te tau e rua anake. Whakaahunga ki te wāhanga ngā o te taupori kia rite te tikanga o te emepera Qin whare, tupu ki te whawhai metarahi. tohua te reira i te timatanga o te whakatikanga ake o te peasants i raro i te ārahitanga o Chen Sheng (209-208 HTT). kaipupuri whenua nui, me te pai kia rite ki te uri o te koroheke, hanahana tawhito a whakakeke ki te kāwanatanga pokapū, te wā kotahi pakanga ki te hunga tutu peasants.

I roto i te 207 i patua BC Ere Shi Huang. He Zhao Gao, rangatira nui, me te whanaunga o te Hiha, e arahina te whakatakotoria ana ki a ia, maka ana e ia ki a ia i runga i te torona o te āhua o tana tama ake - Tszy Ina. Heoi, kihai i whakaritea te rangatira hou ki te noho i runga i te torona. Ehara i neke atu i te marama Zi Ying me tona papa i patua e rangatira tarewa. ko ratou nga tangata whakamutunga e kua ana e te toto ki te Qin Shi Huang. Ko te kupu, ko te Qin whare i Haina hinga, ka vai mo e rua tekau tau.

Ko te hiranga hītori o te Qin whare

Waihanga i roto i China te Empire centralized kaha kotahi takaro he wāhi nui i roto i te whanaketanga o mua atu o te whenua. Ko te whakakotahitanga tōrangapū o te whenua, te whaitake o te tika ki te taonga tūmataiti, te wehenga o te taupori i runga i te parau tumu o te taonga, me te whakatinanatanga o te mehua e tautoko i te tupu o te hokohoko - wāhi tenei katoa ki te whanaketanga o whanaunga pāpori me te ōhanga i roto i te whenua, whakatakotoria nga turanga mo atu whakahounga.

Heoi, mehua tino rawa e hanga Qin whare ki whakakotahi te kāwanatanga, te whakangaromanga o te kāhui tawhito, tukino tāke, utu teitei me mau ohipa, Okú ngä iti, me te reo-rahi, arahina ki te flash kaha o te tutu i mutu tona kingitanga.