Raruraru Taiao o te rohe Chelyabinsk. Chelyabinsk rohe i runga i ture taiao

He nga wā ka whakaturia te kokonga pūkete production, a miharo i te mea utu e hoatu e ratou. Ringihia ururua ki te awa, he paowa te putorino ki te rangi, me kahore. Ko te mea matua - kawea te mahere i roto i. hinonga ahumahi o te rohe Chelyabinsk, i te mea tetahi o te tino ahumahi i roto i Russia, a tata kihai i whakarongo ki te rauropi, ahakoa kei te roa haere production tau i roto i te feia faatere o te. Ka rite ki te hua o tenei iwi mo te whakanui ake i te kaha Chelyabinsk rohe eke ki te tihi rohe tino poke tekau o Russia. I roto i ngā tūranga whakanohoia ana ki runga ki te 73. i roto o 82, ka i runga i te 84 o 85, a tae noa e kore e muri. I tua atu ki te poke ahumahi, tuukino te taiao te wahi iraruke Te Tai Rāwhiti Ural mahue i muri i te aituā Kyshtym. Kua nui haere huru mākahi ki te taiao i roto i te 30 tau whakamutunga tata 3 wa te maha o ngā tūroro ki te mate pukupuku me te mate mau i roto i te rohe mamae katoa tuarua.

E kore e taea e tatou te mea e kore e tamata i te taha Tāhuhu o Taiao ki te whakaoti i te raruraru. whakaputa Mana wā he ture taiao o te rohe Chelyabinsk. I roto i ngā, i te 2016 whakaputaina reira he tikanga hou kia e ka whakaurua hoki ngā hōtaka mahi taiao mō ngā ākonga, kawea atu mehua tiaki taonga māori, ngā tautoko mo nga tiaki taiao me pakihi. Wā o whakatutukitanga o te ta - tae noa ki 2025. Ano, i reira te mea he ture "I te aroturuki taiao", te ture "I te Production me Consumption Waste", te ture "I rawa tiakina taonga māori." Ofati i ngohengohe ki nga mehua i te puka o whaina, a tae noa tango i te tari. Ka rite ki a koutou e taea te kite, kawea te mahi taiao i roto i te mara kei roto i, engari he pouri tonu te āhuatanga.

Poto Papamuri Historical

Kia ko te whenua o te rohe Chelyabinsk ataahua maere, te wai o nga awa me ngā roto o te karaihe mārama nga wahi katoa te whakaekenga a otaota, a noho ana te iwi i roto i te au i te natura. I te mutunga o te rau tau 17 i roto i tenei ope rohe tae, engari kihai i kitea tetahi mea whai hua. I muri i te 70 tau, i tango faahiti i te reira ope, i ngā te tohunga pūtaiao pūmanawa. whakahaere ratou ki te kitea i konei te ore rino e ko te tīmatanga o te whanaketanga ahumahi o te rohe. Tuatahi hanga anake te tipu i roto i Zlatoust, a na te mutunga o te rau tau 18 i reira i pā ana ki toru tekau. Rawa whanaketanga nui-tauine o te ahumahi i roto i Chelyabinsk rohe i roto i te tau o te rima tuatahi. Na tenei mata ahumahi maitai o Russia e kore rite. Fakataha ki te metallurgy rohe kore-ferrous hua 50% o te hua hua i roto i te whenua. Te nuinga pa ahumahi o te rohe, te reira Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk, Zlatoust, Karabash, Miass, Troitsk, UST-Katav, Kopeysk.

tātari matū Poto

raruraru Taiao o te rohe Chelyabinsk meinga pinepine o matū paitini i roto i te huru, te whenua, i roto i te wai o ngā awa me ngā roto. Te nuinga mōrearea:

• Benzopyrene. Tukua ki te rangi, me te ua kei te takoto ano ki runga ki te whenua, te wahi i haere mai ai i ngā tipu ranei. Ka taea e kohikohi i roto i te tinana. He he carcinogen puai, faatupu te reira i ngā irakētanga i roto i ira whakangaromia e DNA.
• Formaldehyde. Tino paitini, me te taikaha. ai te reira i mate kanohi, kiri, me te pūnaha io.
• sulfide hauwai. He whai hua te horopeta iti, i runga paerewa e taea meinga whakapairuaki, ānini, edema pūkahukahu, ka taea e arahi ki te mate.
• hauhā hauota. ai te reira i te ua waikawa, he rawa paitini, huringa o tātai toto.
• konganuku taumaha. Pōturi iho te tupu, me te whanaketanga o ngā tamariki. Ka taea e kohikohi i roto i te tipu, ika, kai me te kararehe heihei. Ka taea e te tangata meinga mate pukupuku, me te maha atu mate nui.

Chelyabinsk rangi

huaina tenei pa ataahua ko te whakapaipai o nga Urals Southern. rā hoki ki te tau 1743rd tōna hītori. tata e toru rau nga tau katoa kua whakawhanakehia reira production ahumahi. Kua puta ake raruraru Taiao o te rohe Chelyabinsk i te hononga ki te mahi o taua tangata roroa ahumahi rite Ferroalloys (Electrometallurgical Plant), konutea Plant (CZP), pēhia-rikarika ki, Tube, taputapu mīhini, te warou wheketere.

Haunga hinonga worsens taiao waka. I roto i te pa o 1,000 iwi (tae atu ki ngā tamariki) pūkete 340 waka, pira i nei e 120 ths. Taranata, 44% o te poke katoa ranei. Nuinga taiao rawakore Plant Metallurgical whakaaro (CMP) tukuna ki te huru 46.6% o ngā matū kino katoa. tangohia te wahi tuarua i te taha o te kamupene "Fortum", e ngā toru TSETS me TPP. wahi Tuatoru no ki CHEKM. I roto i te Chelyabinsk hau i roto i te kohi tonu kitea e rave rahi taime i te taikaha MPC benzopyrene, formaldehyde, te hauota hāora rua, sulfide hauwai me te phenol.

wai Chelyabinsk

raruraru Taiao o te rohe Chelyabinsk e kore parahanga hau anake. Enterprises paihana me te wai i roto i te Faarii. I roto i te tau i maturuturu iho ratou ki te awa e pā ana ki 200 miriona m3 o nasties, patu ora katoa ratou. Ko te iatuku matua wai o te pa - te awa Miass. Ka whiwhi te reira i effluents ururua kāore 26 hinonga, tae atu Kommunkhoz. I roto i te wai Miassa kitea i roto i te 2-15 wa whakatārewatia te MPC matū, konganuku, te hinu. Tata te pa o Karabash i awa Miass rere sak-Elga, i roto i te meka, kua meinga nei, he kaikohi o te wai koraha. I tenei wāhi i roto i nga wai taiao Miassa kitea katote konganuku taimaha whakatu ki runga ki te 1130 Macs. rere katoa o tenei ki Argazi Reservoir. Kainoho o te rohe Chelyabinsk me tango te wai inu i tetahi awa ki - Shershnevskoye. Ki te rā, te Tāhuhu o te Taiao o te rohe Chelyabinsk, hanga nga inenga, hoki he whakawa o te hanganga ture tonu tikanga wai i roto i tenei awa ki. Heoi, he kōmihana motuhake o ecologists i Moscou i te pūtake o ratou paerewa inenga e mōhiotia ana ōritengakore Shershnevskoye awa o pūtake inu.

Chelyabinsk oneone

Kei te hoki puhoi poke te oneone i roto i te pa. kitea ratou te ateneke i te taikaha o te täkupu, cadmium, mata, a nui atu ihirangi konutea MPC e tata 20%. raruraru Taiao o te rohe Chelyabinsk mo contamination oneone, meinga āwangawanga nui i roto i nga kaimahi ahuwhenua. Ki te rā, te nui o te whenua parahua poke e konganuku taimaha, he 95,6 mano heketea. Ko te kupu benzpyrene kitea i runga ake te hinu 21.8 mano heketea noa -. 1.9 mano, konutea -. 12 mano, te ateneke -. 3.8 heketea .. E mea ohie ki te whakaaro pehea hua me huawhenua tupu i runga i taua whenua.

Ko te taiao tino whakawehi e tata ana te kamupene "Mechel", te wahi benzpyrene i roto i te oneone e te kukū o 437 MPC, me i te tawhiti o te 1 km i te "Mechel" - 80 MPC. Hoki whenua aueue e tata ana CHEMK te wahi benzopyrene 40 MPC me CTZ, te wahi i tenei matū tokoiti kino e kitea 20 Macs.

Magnitogorsk

He tenei pa tona hītori mai i 1929, ka reira kua hanga Steel Works, ahakoa te pourewa autō vai mai te rau tau waenganui-18. Na noho ana i te rōrahi o te production Magnitogorsk tuarua te tūranga i roto i te rohe. Ko te kamupene nui he rino, me Steel Works (MMK), sima, me te whakangutungutu Crane Plant, JSC "huihui", "Prokatmontazh", "Sitno", "Magnitostroy". Nā ki te irresponsibility o ona kau taki mamae rauropi o Chelyabinsk rohe rite te katoa. Ratio CMI i roto i nga pa poke kōhauhau ko 96%. Ki te whakatuwhera koe i tenei auau, e whiwhi nga whika fakalilifu. Ia ra E faatae mai te tipu 128 taranata o pai puehu 151 m. SO2 (tenei whanariki hāorarua). Kua kitea te puehu pai taua matū, rawa MPC 3-10 wa arahi, parahi, chromium, rino, benzene, benzpyrene, toluene, me te rangi poke i roto i ngā wāhi tāone katoa. I roto i te oneone nui paerewa ateneke 155 wa, nika 43 nga wa, 87 ngā wā benzopyrene. Waho te pa, e kore te mea pai nui te āhuatanga. He matū kino i roto i te oneone kitea "anake" 45 nga wa ki runga ake i noa.

Zlatoust

whakaturia tenei pa i roto i whakarara ki te hanga o te tuatahi i roto i te mara o te tipu metallurgical, e ko, i 1754, i te tau. Na konei e hāngai tatou nga hinonga ahumahi nui o te rohe Chelyabinsk - me mahi engineering Electro-aunoa, patu wheketere, ngā hanganga rino me te hinonga atu atu i te tatini nui, me te iti. Fakataha, emit ratou e pā ana ki 7.7 mano. Taranata o pollutants tau. Mai i 1993 ki te 1996 tau, whakawhetai ki te mau tautooraa o te pira taiao heke e pā ana ki 1.5 wa, engari i roto i te 2000 ka haere ano ki runga ratou. mana City ngana ki te whakapai ake i te taiao mo i kawea purenga i roto i roto i te waipara awa Balashikha hanga sewers roa atu i te 2 km, tikanga ki te tatau i te wai poke.

Karabash

Tenei kainga, ko te kāinga ki anake e pā ana ki 11 000 iwi. Mai i Chelyabinsk ki a ia i roto i te rārangi torotika te iti ake i te 80 km. Karabash - he pa iti, na e kore e maha hinonga ahumahi reira. I roto ia ratou, 2, me te auaha tipu "Karabashmed". Ko te umanga mo te tamata i te hanga o te namunamu parahi rawa pakeke ki te rauropi o Chelyabinsk rohe ko te kino i roto i te whenua.

ara tamata te whakato ki te kati, no te mea te reira i te tau, "horo'a" nga tangata o 7 taranata o te pūngāwhā hāora rua, i te mea tino paitini. I roto i te huru, mai te reira ki te pūhui ki te hāora, meinga hinga te ua waikawa. Na whakaaro tino te āhuatanga i roto i te Karabash. Tawhio noa te pa, te wheketere hoki nga tau maha i hanga nga mahi o puranga ururua para ki runga ki te 40 mita. He he ano hoki te Pakira Mountain, te wahi i whakairi tangata nga kupu "Tiaki me te Pare". He kaupapa motuhake - te awa sak-Elga. taha tonu o te wai i roto i a ia kōwhai-karaka, me te rohe e kohatu manusinusi waikura matū.

atu pa

Ko te rota o ngā take taiao te pa o Ozersk, atu ïa, tona rōpū production "Mayak", e hua wāhanga o patu karihi me te tiaki o te rokiroki o wahie karihi. Te whakamārama radiation i roto i te toharite pa i roto i Russia, Heoi, tukuna he ururua wa roa i roto i te awa Techa mahi, ka mahi i tenei ra puna irradiation mō rau o iwi.

Te āhuatanga kukū i roto i te pa o Korkino me i te kainga o Rose. Here te paihana rangi break paowa. He aha te mea ngā, kua karangatia e te tohunga rohe e kore he mōrearea te āhuatanga o nāianei, ka tohaina ki te au paitini e kore benzpyrene rawa MPC, me ngā mātanga i Moscow, nei ka mau inenga, mohio Korkino rohe kino.

Kaua e hoatu okiokinga ki te mana, me ngā raruraru taiao o pa te rohe Chebarkul Chelyabinsk. He iti hinonga nui. I roto i enei tipu shlakoblochnogo, warou me te whakato kahupapa papa. Na roto i te kua arahina āhuatanga kaiao kino tenei whakato ngā, kei te whakamahia i roto i te tukanga formaldehyde. A, no te tahu ranei rokiroki ururua production formaldehyde tomo ki te rangi, te oneone, me te wai. Kua whakaaturia ngā inenga e nui te moni te kukū whakaaetia mōrahi i roto i te wa torutoru.

radiation

O te āwangawanga ngā i runga i te take o te radiation i roto i te rohe Chelyabinsk ko Production Association "Mayak", Kei, ano, i roto i Ozersk. I roto i tenei kaupapa rautaki i 1950 ki nga tau 2000-th rēhita 32 ohorere, i mahi rite te hua nui i roto i te papamuri radiation. Roa, ururua iraruke katoa kei roto kanoirite o strontium, caesium, te konuwhiro, zirconium, maka ki te awa Techa, i meinga te rongo tamau o ora katoa i runga i ona pareparenga. I roto i te katoa, i runga i te 50 tau o te mahi (ki runga, ki te 2000) "Mayak" tonoa ki te huru o te whare piriote 1.8 becquerels o huānga iratuki, poke 25,000 km2. E wai paru e kore taka ki roto ki te awa, i hanga ai he maha o ngā tāngata whai, ka karanga hūkere. Otiia kihai ratou e te whakatutuki pikaunga tika ki ngā hapa i roto i te hoahoa. I tua atu, te maua e tonu te mōrea o te Te Tai Rāwhiti Ural wahi iraruke, i hanga e i muri i te aituā i "Mayak", i puta i roto i 1957. Na, e tika ana ki te pahūtanga o tetahi o te tanumanga raro o te radiation tukua ki te huru i roto i te i te taikaha o te 20 miriona curies o kanoirite iratuki, e kua pau e te hau i roto i te ahunga o Tyumen. Iwi whai wāhi i roto i te rohe kapinga kapua, kē, ngaro ratou taonga, a hanga te Rahui Te Tai Rāwhiti-Ural i te rohe pangia. He he ano taea ki te tiki harore me hua, hī, karaihe kararehe, ara tika e haere.

ururua whare

Kei te whakatutuki te Tāhuhu o Taiao o te rohe Chelyabinsk katoa o enei raruraru. Otiia i roto i te pa matua o Chelyabinsk rohe ko tetahi puna nui o poke - poma ururua. Ko te otinga tino pai ki tenei raruraru ko te hanga o ngā tipu maimoatanga koraha. I roto i te Chelyabinsk ratou ano. te paru katoa i runga i te rā, tīmata ki te 1949, maka i roto i te tanú, kei roto i te pa. Na ko reira he wāhi o e pā ana ki 80 km2, me te teitei o te maunga paru o neke atu i te 40 mita. O nga mahi katoa o tona kaitiaki anake whakahaere ki te whakakore i te taua puna nui o poke. Kua hanga Kawana o te rohe ki te pūtea e hānga ana kua tohaina 1 piriona moni ki te whakakore tanú i Chelyabinsk, me te ki te whakapai ake i te āhuatanga i roto i te Karabash, Chebarkul, me te maha o te tahi atu wāhanga o te rohe.