Rautaki rererangi rererangi Tu-95MS "Bear"

I muri kua anō te Russian Federation rerenga o kawe rererangi rautaki i roto i mataara te aratau, ka anga ki te puta ngā pūrongo e kitea te waka rererangi Tu-95MS tata te rohe rangi o te United Basileia, te press Guam, Japan, me era atu wahi i reira kihai i kitea i mua taua mahi. rohe Air, e kore te tatou kaha rangi pakaru, engari whakatata tata ratou, kua mohio a reira rite whanonga mauähara. I te tahi taime haukoti (herenga) rere interceptors o NATO, ka noho te maiki te. i anake te kau i roto i te ao o te tīwiri rererangi "Tu" etahi körero hōia i huaina "o tuaukiuki". Ahakoa taua pii kino, tona ahua e tata ana te rohe mahi o nga ope, me te nuu moana o whenua o hoariri pea ko te āwangawanga. Te aha?

Ko te timatanga o te wā o "Hey-poma"

Tu-95MS "Bear" - he uri whakaheke o "rererangi-95-1", tuatahi ka mau ki te rangi i roto i te ngahuru o 1952. Mahi i roto i te wahi raumati timata i 1956, e pā ana ki te taua rite i roto i Amerika, i reira ko te rongonui B-52 e mau ana i te ratonga i teie mahana. Events e mua te tetahi prehistory.

I roto i August 1945, i hanga te US Air Force rua poma ngota o nga pa Japanese. I runga i te tikanga mo hōia o tenei mahi tautohe tonu kaipūtaiao tōrangapū, engari te pānga hinengaro, o te akoranga, ka mau wahi. Ko te tau o te āhotea ngota. i mārama te ārahi a Stalin e te mate o te rangatiratanga ka hāpaitia e kahore ratou ake ope karihi o te USSR. I roto i tenei take, e kore he nui te nuinga o pōma (Kua kua whakawhanakehia reira), e hiahia ana matou he tikanga o te tuku. mehua Tuatahi me te tika tënei tangohia i roto i tenei aronga i runga, "Boeing" B-29 "Stratofortress", ka karanga matou te Tu-4. I roto i te tau 1950 tīmata te Korean War, i roto i nei e tuku iho kua US hōia a okioki rautaki kï i runga i te poma whāriki kawea atu e te hau nui nui, rere i roto i te hanganga kikī. Te pūnaha, Heoi, i rahua.

Te hanga o "Te Bear"

I muri i te ahua o te rangi i roto i te whawhai jet Korean ka kitea mig-15 whakaraeraetanga o te B-29. Ko te lēsoni ko e ki te kaihoahoa rererangi Soviet ki o ratou ringa ake turaki i te ariā o te bomber karihi ki engine kōkeke (arā, te Tu-4) kihai i, me te tahi atu i te Soviet Union i taua wa. Ka rite ki te mea o te fakavavevave i mutu te mahi i runga i te tauira teu o te Tu-85 no te mea o tona obsolescence i te wā hoahoa. KB AN i faataahia Tupolev ki te waihanga i tētahi rererangi kawe svobodnopadayuschih mua hou o poma e taea rere nui teitei, tere a e whai nui pūtoro whawhai. Whakatinana i te kaupapa taua taea anake e te whakamahi i engines mīhini huri hiko. I roto i te waenganui-1951, ka anga mahi. Na roto i te 1952, i angitu ratou, te hua ko te manureva ki te taupū haehaa o "95", kawea ki te rererangi "Zhukovsky" ka huihui ki reira. Waho, ia kore tata i rerekē i te rererangi Tu-95MS, rere i tenei ra.

schematic whānui

Na roto i te o tenei ra tahora paerewa "mau" (rite i huaina e ia i roto i NATO) e kore he mīharo. Taraiwa he aronui, te takere o te wāhanga ripeka porohita (te tikanga whakatau Tupolev), kahakina parirau, sredneraspolozhennoe. mātanga ohorere i roto i te tīmatanga o nga rima tekau e meinga nacelle rawa roa e tika ana ki te kaha pūkaha tiketike, me ngā tauira rerekē o mamafá ke. Ko te Tu-95MS kore rawa ki wha (rite B-17 B-29 ranei) pokekore, me te waru. I runga i ia tuaka o te pūkaha tītaka hurirere rua oppositely (whakawhetai ki te tauira rawa ngā o taputapu), te tokonga ake o nga matatahi i hoki kua he wehenga tawhiti ritenga. Ko te kupu i ngā wā katoa ratou e whakatika te rangi, ko te kupu te whakatutuki i te tōtika tiketike rawa (ki runga, ki te 82%). Kei te kawea tonu tenei otinga nga tawhā o te tipu te mana i runga i te taumata kounga Tu-95MS tata ki te mahi turbojet.

Haunga enei taime rerekē, maere e te rahi me te āhuahanga o te Airframe. Ko tōna roa me te parirau whanganga - e pā ana ki 50 mita. Takeoff Taumaha - 180 taranata.

Ko te taimaha o te kawenga whawhai, i te wa o ohi moni reira ki 12 taranata, engari i roto i te tukanga o te para, me te whakapai ake i tona hoahoa taea kawea ki runga ki te 20 t (rite he Tu-95MS "Bear").

"I roto o te kokonga"

āta, te whakanui ake i ngā whai wāhitanga o ngā pūnaha rangi korero, e rua i roto i te USSR me i ātete i te reira tütü whenua turakina te whakaaro o te whakamahi i poma svobodnopadayuschih, spetszaryadom rawa rawa. Ko te United States me te Union Soviet i te wa o tenei iteraa nga rau o te pai-te kounga me te mīhini roa e whai he maha o ngā āhuatanga rere ahurei (ngā, tere, e mau ana te kaha). kua i roto i to ratou hoahoa me te hanganga o te rota o te moni kua pau. hiahiatia ratou ki te kitea te whakamahi hou. e kore e mohiotia na wai i te whakaaro ki te whakamahi i te rererangi e rere rite te Pūwhakarewa mo missiles ipu, engari i whakaora ia mo te piha katoa o te waka rererangi. kua meinga whakarerekētia Tu-95MS taua "rangi-pūhiko", hangaia ki te whakarewa i te CD o te rohe kūpapa, kahore tomo te pïra e te hoariri, me te pupuhi ohorere rite huri noa i te kokonga.

putanga haukāinga,

Tīmata i te rima tekau (me i roto i ētahi wā i ngā wā mua) ka rererangi i te ahua o "kaituku" kaipuke pāhihi. Ko te nuinga āhuatanga o te CB AN tenei āhuatanga Tupoleva nui ki te mahara rongonui Tu-104, i te mea he whawhai faafariuraa TU-16. Ko te āhua kua roa kua whakaaro utu hoahoa faufaa cars anake harangotengote, hiahia te whakamahi o whakaaro rite-hanga, me te urutau a ratou. whakahaeretia nui roa atu i te tahi atu putanga o "te 95raa" pāhihi Tu-114, kua mahi kē i roto i "Aeroflot" Tu-95MS rererangi, me te tae noa i te wā ki te whakaora i te whānui kaituhituhi Khrushchev i te United States.

korero-whaiaro

Ko te ōnaianei, pū 50s me 60raa kai rawa noa te kawe waka rererangi AN-12. I teie mahana, mea tawhito enei patu, me te whakaaro o te whakamahi i pu repo rererangi ki te tiaki ki toa - kūare. Otiia i mau pū pere kawe Tu-95MS ratou ërä - 23 mm. I roto i te tīmatanga o nga putanga i atu (ki runga, ki te ono kahiwi, 3 pūnaha māhanga). Ki te "rangi-ki-rangi" missiles, he pea ki te āwhina, engari hoatu etahi tupono ki whakaata whawhai whakaeke i te tuakoi muri ratou. I tona hoahoa tipu ki repo GS-23, e pā ana ki te taua rite i whakamahia mo te Tu-4, taputapu pū i roto i te whānui āhuatanga e haratau.

Ko te patu matua

missiles ipu X-55 - te rākau o te riri matua Tu-95MS. Āhuatanga o ratou tika i te tuhinga motuhake, engari he taketake, me te huatau i roto i ona ara ake te tikanga o to ratou tuitui ki te hanganga rererangi. E ono anga ki parirau takai, tika rite te cartridges e kei roto i te pahū o te hurihuri whakanohoia roto te takere. I muri whakarewa i pūnaha ā-roto katoa kotahi tākirirangi koané e 60 nga nekehanga, me he rite mo te wehenga i te muri X-55 i roto i te kokoru pahū nui.

E tatau pylons Underwing (wha o ratou) i runga i te whakatārewatanga ara tekau missiles ipu, rererangi ututaumaha taea ki te kawe i te taimaha taua, ahakoa ngā āhuatanga rere iti, faarahi te tō aerodynamic me, rite ki te hua, kohi wahie, a ka heke te whānui.

tikanga kauhoe mahi

Tu-95MS - e kore te waka tino whakamarie. Ko tino tata te pailati, ahakoa maha āhuatanga kino motuhake ki putanga mua, kua whakakorea inaianei. e Crew mua fare pressurized tuu ake tiketike te arawhata i roto i te pao i te raro o te kopere, e tata ana te pou mua tahuhu i roto i rau te reira i te rererangi i roto i te take o te ohotata. Hei tere te tukanga whakaratohia he ahua o te ara nekeneke, engari peke iho te hekerangi ko tonu atu mōrearea, rite te nuinga o ngā aituā rangi puta i altitudes iti (te wakarererangi, me te taunga). Catapult rite taua he ngaro.

rite rawa muri fare pressurized te me ona ake pao. Hoki te whakaoranga o te aituā i runga i te mōkihi te hangatanga moana whakaratohia.

Kaiurungi amuamu e pā ana ki te nui taumata o te haruru (he engines rawa kaha, mo te 15 mano. Rita. Ki te., Ka ko nui nga tīwiri me reira e waru). Ērā me te whare paku. kia, Heoi, haamata te reira i pea i roto i te ngakau e mahi i runga i te hoahoa o te 95raa i roto i te wā Stalin, ina kua riro iti aro te mea o te haratau.

opuaraa

Rererangi roa-whānui rererangi, ka anga "Engels" i roto i te rohe Saratov i muri i te parariraa o te Uniana o te pae whakawhirinaki matua o 32 wae o 90 rererangi i hanga tenei whakarerekētanga. I roto i te 1992, ka oti te take o te "Bears" Tu-95MS. Āhuatanga pere tukua te Defence Tāhuhu ki te whakawhirinaki i runga i te taea o ratou te whakamahi hoki i te iti ki tetahi kotahi tekau nga tau.

ngā oma i 6 ki te 10 mano. km whakarato kaha whawhai tūturu i roto i te rererangi angitu whakatupuranga. Tere ake ki te 900 km / h hāngai ki te tawhā o mea rererangi, B-52 e mahi mahi rite. Taea o tāutanga o taputapu o te pakanga hiko faaore teitei "Bear" kitenga ki hihiani hoariri. ārai wā e whakaroa ana ora ratonga. Otiia, i te Tu-95 faataahia mo te whakakorenga i muri i te whakamutunga o ratou rere i roto o te taha. I roto i to ratou wahi, ka whakatika ki te mahi pere rautaki hou.