Rongoā pono - he aha te mea tenei? Ngā Āhuatanga me hanganga

I roto i te natura, i reira e tata kahore matū parakore. I roto i te whānui e te aroaro ratou i roto i te puka o ngā ranunga e he nehenehe o hanga he ōrite ranei pūnaha heterogeneous.

rongoā Rawa pono

rongoā pono - te ahua o ngā pūnaha E ruia ana he teitei kaha i waenganui i te reo manene, me te wā marara.

Ka taea te whiwhi i tetahi matū tioata o rerekē te rahi o. I roto i tetahi take, ka whai ratou i te hanganga ā-taua: te wini whakakahokaho karaihe katote rāpoi ranei.

whakakorenga

I roto i te tukanga o te whakakāhoretanga i te wai o purapura o te konutai pūhaumāota me te huka, me te hanganga o te otinga katote rāpoi. Tei runga i te tohu o wehewehenga, te taonga ki te kia taea o:

• kitea matūriki macroscopic e he nui atu i 0.2 mm;
• matūriki mōkitokito he rahi matūriki iti iho i te 0.2 mm, ka taea e ratou te hopu anake ki te karu.

Pono me rongoā colloidal rerekē i roto i te rahi o te matūriki o te rewanga. ka karanga kitea i roto i te karu i te tioata ka karanga matūriki colloidal, me te huru hua te otinga colloidal.

wāhanga otinga

I roto i te rahiraa o te taime, te otinga pono - wehewehe te (marara) pūnaha he ōrite momo. tapaea ratou he wāhanga totoka tonu - marara reo me matūriki mongamonga etahi āhua me te rahi (wā marara). He aha te mea te colloids rerekētanga i ngā pūnaha pono?

Ko te rerekētanga matua ko te rahi o nga matūriki. Colloid-titaria pūnaha whakaaro heterogeneous, mai te karu marama e kore e taea ki te kitea te rohe wāhanga.

rongoā pono - ko te kē, ka i roto i te taonga taiao kei roto i te puka o katote rāpoi ranei. no ratou ki te otinga ōrite kotahi-wāhanga.

Ka rite ki te titauhia whakaaro te hanganga o ngā pūnaha whati whakakorenga tahi o te reo manene, me te taonga dispersible. Hei tauira, te konutai pūhaumāota me te sucrose, rewa i roto i te benzene me karahīni, i roto i te whakarewa e kore reira e hanga rongoā colloidal.

Ko te pūnaha whakarōpū E ruia ana

Kia pehea te wehea mongamonga? rongoā pono, pūnaha colloidal āhuatanga e rave rahi tawhā.

He kōwae titaria pūnaha i roto i te āhua whakahiato o te reo, me te wā dispersed, te hanganga o rānei kahore taunekeneke i waenganui i a ratou.

āhuatanga o

He etahi āhuatanga ine o te mea korakora. Matua tohatoha i te tohu o te purara. Tenei uara Ko te kōaro o te rahi matūriki. faaite te reira i te maha o matūriki e taea te whakanohoia i roto i te rarangi i te tawhiti o tetahi henimita.

I roto i te take, ina whai matūriki katoa te rahi taua, i hanga te he pūnaha monodisperse. A, no te hanga e korakora Nä wāhanga marara pūnaha polydisperse.

Ki te nui haere te whakanui ake manene rawa i tukanga e puta i roto i te mata interphase. Hei tauira, te whakanui ake i te wāhi mata motuhake o te wāhanga te marara faarahi pānga physico-matū o te reo i te atanga o te wāhanga e rua.

Rerekē o ngā pūnaha E ruia ana

Anō i runga i roto i nei e kia rewanga wāhanga, tohatoha rerekē taatou titaria pūnaha.

Aerosols - mongamonga i roto i te mea te reo te marara i roto i te puka haurehu waihā. Kohu - he wai wāhanga rehu he marara. Ko te paowa, me te puehu hanga wāhanga dispersed totoka.

Pahuka he hau purara i roto i te taonga wai. Wai i roto i te pahuka ololalo ia ki kiriata e wehe mirumiru hau.

Rare i huaina titaria pūnaha, te wahi tohaina kotahi wai e runga i te rōrahi o te tahi atu, i waho whakamemehatanga reira.

Whakatārewatanga ranei slurry - he pūnaha iti-purara i roto i nei he matūriki mārō i roto i te wai. rongoā colloidal sols ka huaina te purara wai te hydrosol ranei.

Tei runga i te aroaro (ngaro) i waenganui i ngā korakora o te wāhanga te marara he pūnaha svjaznodispersnye taratahi svobodnodispersnye ranei. Ko te rōpū tuatahi ngā liozoli, aerosols, rare, te aukati. I roto i taua pūnaha, kahore whakapā i waenganui i nga korakora me te wā E ruia ana. neke ratou kahore here i roto i te otinga i raro i te mana o te mahara.

whakatika pūnaha Svjaznodispersnye i te take o te whakapā ki te matūriki o te wāhanga te marara, hua i roto i te hanganga i roto i te hanganga mātiti anga ranei. E huaina pūnaha colloidal peheé hāpiapia.

Tukanga te rimurimu, (gelation) ko te faafariuraa Sol-rā e hāngai ana i runga i te Sol tīmatanga e tuku iho pūmautanga. pūnaha tauira svjaznodispersnye ngā aukati, rare, puehu, pahuka. ngā ano hoki enei te oneone, i hanga i roto i te tauhohe o waro (matū humic) me ngā kohuke oneone.

Ko te papatipu totoka o te rauemi e tomo tōiti me kōputaputa pūnaha capillary-marara. whakapono ratou te kikokiko, kiriuhi rerekē, rakau, pepa, pepa.

rongoā pono - te pūnaha ōrite arā, o rua ngā wāhanga. Ka taea e ratou te tīariari i roto i āhua rerekē o ngā whakarewa whakahiato. whakaaro te whakarewa te he rawa mau i roto i te i te taikaha. Ko te wāhanga e tango i roto i iti rahinga whakaaro rewanga.

āhuatanga rongoā

He rongoā i roto i nei te ngā konganuku hei te reo manene, me te wāhanga hoki alloys Hard. Mai i te wāhi mahi o te tirohanga, ngā moni he ranunga wai i roto i nei te mahi wai rite te whakarewa.

O te maha whakarewa pararopi o ngā moni he wai. Tata tonu i hanga otinga pono e ranu wai ki matūriki o te rewanga.

I roto i te pūhui matū waro e whakarewa pai ngā te rauemi e whai ake nei: te waihā, te waihā mewaro, benzene, waro tetrachloride, hauwaiwaro. Nā ki te nekehanga huru o ngā rāpoi ngota ranei katote o wae rewanga neke wāhanga puta i roto i to ratou otinga, hanganga o te pūnaha ōrite hou.

rerekē te matū i roto i to ratou kaha ki te hanga i te otinga. kia ētahi kia i konatunatua ki ia atu i roto i rahinga mutunga. He tauira ko te whakakorenga i te wai o nga tioata o te tote.

Ko te ngako o te tukanga whakakorenga i te hi'oraa o te ariā nekeneke rāpoi ko e i muri i te whakataki ki te whakarewa o tioata tote ki runga ki te dissociation o ona tīhiko konutai me ng ngota pūhaumāota. matūriki i ako te mahi he kaupapa kōpiupiu, te tukinga ki nga korakora o te ahu whakarewa ki te whakawhitinga o te katote i roto i te whakarewa (here). Āta hono te tukanga me whakangaromia atu matūriki kahu mata, karaihe tote rewa i roto i te wai. Ka taea e tūringiringi tuwha rauemi korakora i te rōrahi whakarewa.

Ngā momo o rongoā pono

Ko te otinga pono - te pūnaha, e wehea nei ki te maha o ngā momo. He he he whakarōpū o taua pūnaha mō te wai me te whakarewa kore-wai i roto i te ahua. Whakaröpütia hoki ratou rite ki te whakatinanatanga o te rewanga i roto i te alkali, waikawa me te tote.

He maha nga wehewehenga o rongoā pono ki te faatura ki nāianei hiko: kore-electrolytes, electrolytes. Tei runga i te kukū o te rewanga taea te diluted ratou ranei kukū.

rongoā pono o matū rāpoi iti i te wāhi thermodynamic o tirohanga wehea e te mau me te pai.

Ka taea e taua rongoā e katote-marara, me te pūnaha E ruia ana rāpoi.

otinga kukū

Runga anō i te tini o matūriki haere ki otinga, i reira supersaturated, hamanga, kukū rongoā. Ko te otinga ko te wai he pūnaha ōrite totoka e ngā o te maha wae ranei. tika te whakaatu i te whakarewa me te rewanga i roto i tetahi pūnaha rite. Ki runga ki te whakakāhoretanga o etahi matū kitea exotherm.

rongoā tukanga taua haapapu te ariā, rite ki nei kite te whakakāhoretanga te rite te tukanga physico-matū. He he he wehenga o te tukanga ki toru ngā rōpū o te memehatanga. Tuatahi ko te hunga matū e he wairewa i roto i te nui o te 10 g ia 100 g whakarewa, kua karangatia e ratou pai wairewa.

Painga matū wairewa whakaaro ai, ki te wahia iti iho i te 10 g i 100 g o wae, te toenga e huaina rewa.

mutunga

Pūnaha arā, o āhua rerekē o te whakawhāititanga, rahi matūriki tika mō te mahi noa te tangata. Pono, rongoā colloidal kōrero i runga ake te whakamahia mo te hanga o pharmaceuticals, whakatū kai. He he whakaaro o te kukū o te rewanga, ka taea e faaineine i te otinga e hiahiatia ana, hei tauira, Ethyl waipiro waikawameha ahetiki ranei, mō ngā take rerekē i roto i te ora ia. Runga anō i roto i nei āhua o te whakawhāititanga e rewanga me whai he whakarewa, ngā pūnaha tiki etahi āhuatanga tinana, me te matū.